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  • All HBS Web  (2,512)
    • People  (11)
    • News  (539)
    • Research  (1,382)
    • Events  (14)
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Show Results For

  • All HBS Web  (2,512)
    • People  (11)
    • News  (539)
    • Research  (1,382)
    • Events  (14)
    • Multimedia  (19)
  • Faculty Publications  (781)
← Page 4 of 2,512 Results →
  • 2018
  • Chapter

Behavioral Empirics and Field Experiments

By: Maria Ibanez and Bradley R. Staats
As the study of behavioral operations has continued to grow, an increasing number of researchers are turning to the field (e.g., conducting observational studies or natural or field experiments) to push deeper in order to find the answers to relevant behavioral... View Details
Keywords: Behavioral Operations; Empirical Operations; Empirical Operations Management; Field Experiments; Behavior; Operations; Management; Research
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Ibanez, Maria, and Bradley R. Staats. "Behavioral Empirics and Field Experiments." In The Handbook of Behavioral Operations, edited by Karen Donohue, Elena Katok, and Stephen Leider, 121–148. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2018.
  • 10 Sep 2020
  • Research & Ideas

The COVID Two-Step for Leaders: Protect and Pivot

the core, and pivot to new opportunities. We provide a top-level overview of major topics and ideas relevant to each concept. We hope you are interested in engaging in further... View Details
Keywords: by Boris Groysberg and Katherine Connolly Baden
  • January 2021
  • Article

COVID-19 and the Workplace: Implications, Issues, and Insights for Future Research and Action

By: Kevin M. Kniffin, Jayanth Narayanan, Frederik Anseel, John Antonakis, Susan Ashford, Arnold B. Bakker, Peter Bamberger, Hari Bapuji, Devasheesh P. Bhave, Virginia K. Choi, Stephanie Creary, Evangelia Demerouti, Francis J. Flynn, Michele J. Gelfand, Lindred Greer, Gary Johns, Selin Kesebir, Peter G. Klein, Sun Young Lee, Hakan Ozcelik, Jennifer Louise Petriglieri, Nancy Rothbard, Cort W. Rudolph, Jason D. Shaw, Nina Sirola, Connie R. Wanberg, Ashley V. Whillans, Michael P. Wilmot and Mark van Vugt
The impacts of COVID-19 on workers and workplaces across the globe have been dramatic. This broad review of prior research rooted in work and organizational psychology, and related fields, is intended to make sense of the implications for employees, teams, and work... View Details
Keywords: COVID-19; Work; Work From Home (WFH); Pandemics; Health Pandemics; Employees; Working Conditions; Organizational Change and Adaptation
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Kniffin, Kevin M., Jayanth Narayanan, Frederik Anseel, John Antonakis, Susan Ashford, Arnold B. Bakker, Peter Bamberger, Hari Bapuji, Devasheesh P. Bhave, Virginia K. Choi, Stephanie Creary, Evangelia Demerouti, Francis J. Flynn, Michele J. Gelfand, Lindred Greer, Gary Johns, Selin Kesebir, Peter G. Klein, Sun Young Lee, Hakan Ozcelik, Jennifer Louise Petriglieri, Nancy Rothbard, Cort W. Rudolph, Jason D. Shaw, Nina Sirola, Connie R. Wanberg, Ashley V. Whillans, Michael P. Wilmot, and Mark van Vugt. "COVID-19 and the Workplace: Implications, Issues, and Insights for Future Research and Action." American Psychologist 76, no. 1 (January 2021): 63–77.
  • July 1985 (Revised March 1994)
  • Background Note

Exposure and Hedging

By: David E. Bell
Describes the concept of exposure; the dependence of a goal on an uncertain external event. Describes in detail how hedges may be constructed to eliminate exposure, including the algebra of cross-hedging and hedge ratios. The relevance of regression analysis is... View Details
Keywords: Mathematical Methods; Finance
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Bell, David E. "Exposure and Hedging." Harvard Business School Background Note 186-036, July 1985. (Revised March 1994.)
  • July 1991 (Revised March 1992)
  • Background Note

Integrity and Management

By: Joseph L. Badaracco
Describes the role that issues of personal integrity play in managers' decisions. Defines personal integrity, the factors that influence it, the situations in which it becomes particularly relevant to company decisions, and ways of overcoming the blind spots that can... View Details
Keywords: Decisions; Moral Sensibility; Planning; Situation or Environment; Trust; Value
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Badaracco, Joseph L. "Integrity and Management." Harvard Business School Background Note 392-005, July 1991. (Revised March 1992.)
  • October 1998
  • Background Note

Welfare-to-Work Information and Statistics

By: Rosabeth M. Kanter and Ellen Pruyne
Summarizes information on the national issue of hiring people from the welfare roles. Organized by topics relevant to business, this note reviews research findings and statistics and poses questions to assist business decision-makers in assessing a company's current or... View Details
Keywords: Decision Choices and Conditions; Recruitment; Risk Management; Planning; Programs; Research; Welfare
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Kanter, Rosabeth M., and Ellen Pruyne. "Welfare-to-Work Information and Statistics." Harvard Business School Background Note 399-064, October 1998.
  • June 1984 (Revised March 1993)
  • Background Note

Securities Law and Public Offerings

By: Howard H. Stevenson and Michael J. Roberts
Describes the relevant securities laws which pertain to the public offering of securities, as well as the business issues and process of a public offering. View Details
Keywords: Laws and Statutes; Capital Markets; Initial Public Offering; Public Administration Industry
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Stevenson, Howard H., and Michael J. Roberts. "Securities Law and Public Offerings." Harvard Business School Background Note 384-165, June 1984. (Revised March 1993.)
  • November 1988 (Revised January 1989)
  • Background Note

Note on Tax and Accounting Issues in Mergers and Acquisitions

Presents a simplified introduction to tax and accounting issues relevant to mergers and acquisitions. Mergers, asset purchase, and stock acquisition are dealt with in the context of taxable vs. non-taxable transactions. Accounting treatment of the transactions is... View Details
Keywords: Taxation; Mergers and Acquisitions; Accounting
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Meerschwam, David M. "Note on Tax and Accounting Issues in Mergers and Acquisitions." Harvard Business School Background Note 189-104, November 1988. (Revised January 1989.)
  • November 2018 (Revised May 2019)
  • Case

Almarai Company: Milk and Modernization in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

By: Kristin Fabbe, Safwan Al-Amin, Esel Cekin and Natalie Kindred
With SAR 14 billion ($3.7 billion) in 2017 revenues, Almarai was Saudi Arabia’s largest dairy producer, distributor, and marketer, with a large portfolio of branded dairy products, juices, bakery goods, and infant formula and a sales presence across the Gulf region,... View Details
Keywords: Dairy; Agriculture; Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia; Almarai; Schorderet; Food Security; Public Policy; Self Sufficiency; Gulf; GCC; Business And Government; Agribusiness; Marketing; Distribution; Change Management; Leading Change; Strategy; Government and Politics; Policy; Diversification; Integration; Horizontal Integration; Vertical Integration; Food; Brands and Branding; Growth and Development Strategy; Business and Government Relations; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Saudi Arabia; Middle East
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Fabbe, Kristin, Safwan Al-Amin, Esel Cekin, and Natalie Kindred. "Almarai Company: Milk and Modernization in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia." Harvard Business School Case 719-020, November 2018. (Revised May 2019.)
  • July 2017
  • Case

Magpie: Developing and Using Buyer Personas

By: Frank V. Cespedes
The founders of a start-up platform for publishers have developed preliminary personas of target customers and are evaluating the implications for initial target buyers, messaging, and marketing programs. The case is useful for discussing the process of developing... View Details
Keywords: Buying Process; Marketing; Sales; Distribution Channels; Segmentation; Entrepreneurship; Social Media; Consumer Products Industry; Fashion Industry; United States
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Cespedes, Frank V. "Magpie: Developing and Using Buyer Personas." Harvard Business School Case 818-013, July 2017.
  • April 2017
  • Article

The Responsibilities and Role of Business in Relation to Society: Back to Basics?

By: Nien-he Hsieh
In this address, I outline a back-to-basics approach to specifying the responsibilities and role of business in relation to society. Three “basics” comprise the approach. The first is arguing that basic principles of ordinary morality, such as a duty not to harm,... View Details
Keywords: Business And Society; Corporate Responsibility; Harm; Human Rights; Institutions; Pareto Efficiency; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Moral Sensibility; Society; Rights
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Hsieh, Nien-he. "The Responsibilities and Role of Business in Relation to Society: Back to Basics?" Business Ethics Quarterly 27, no. 2 (April 2017): 293–314.
  • October 1989 (Revised November 2006)
  • Background Note

Deployment, Focus, and Measuring Effectiveness

By: Frank V. Cespedes
Written for a module in the Marketing Implementation course (second-year MBA elective). Offers a framework for considering relevant factors that affect sales force deployment and criteria for measuring sales effectiveness and the conduct of field marketing efforts. View Details
Keywords: Performance Effectiveness; Sales; Marketing
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Cespedes, Frank V. "Deployment, Focus, and Measuring Effectiveness." Harvard Business School Background Note 590-044, October 1989. (Revised November 2006.)
  • January 1992 (Revised December 1994)
  • Background Note

Note on E-Mail and Privacy: U.S. Law and Company Policies

By: Lynn S. Paine
Describes the legal landscape of employee privacy as it applies to e-mail interception: the various legal theories on which a privacy claim might be based and proposed federal legislation relevant to the subject. Also describes the policies companies like UPS,... View Details
Keywords: Risk and Uncertainty; Information; Rights; Government Legislation; Internet and the Web; Interpersonal Communication; Ethics; Theory; Policy; Employees
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Paine, Lynn S. "Note on E-Mail and Privacy: U.S. Law and Company Policies." Harvard Business School Background Note 392-074, January 1992. (Revised December 1994.)
  • 2025
  • Working Paper

Money, Time, and Grant Design

By: Kyle Myers and Wei Yang Tham
We conduct survey experiments to test how the design of scientific grants— the money and time awarded—can be used to manage researchers. On average, researchers are relatively unwilling to trade off money for time when choosing among grants. However, there is... View Details
Keywords: Research; Power and Influence; Money
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Myers, Kyle, and Wei Yang Tham. "Money, Time, and Grant Design." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-037, December 2023. (Revised June 2025.)
  • Article

A Critical Examination of Corporate Environmental and Social Impact Measurement and Valuation

By: Judith Stroehle, Ali Aslan Gümüşay, Laura Marie Edinger-Schons, Amyn Vogel, Alnoor Ebrahim, Andreas Rasche, Andrew King, Ken Pucker, Richard Barker, Juliane Reinecke, Giovanna Michelon, Stuart Cooper, Dror Etzion, Karim Harji, Marya Besharov, Colin Mayer, Nien-hê Hsieh and Emma van den Terrell
The assignment of monetary values to a company's impact on society and the natural environment promises much. At the same time, this endeavor would benefit from addressing three prior ethical considerations: 1) determining responsibility to clarify attribution of... View Details
Keywords: ESG; Social Impact; Impact Accounting; Corporate Responsibility; Impact Measurement; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Ethics; Valuation; Corporate Accountability
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Stroehle, Judith, Ali Aslan Gümüşay, Laura Marie Edinger-Schons, Amyn Vogel, Alnoor Ebrahim, Andreas Rasche, Andrew King, Ken Pucker, Richard Barker, Juliane Reinecke, Giovanna Michelon, Stuart Cooper, Dror Etzion, Karim Harji, Marya Besharov, Colin Mayer, Nien-hê Hsieh, and Emma van den Terrell. "A Critical Examination of Corporate Environmental and Social Impact Measurement and Valuation." Journal of Management Inquiry (in press). (Curated dialog contribution by Nien-hê Hsieh and Emma van den Terrell titled “Ethical Issues for Impact Measurement and Valuation: Responsibility, Relevance, and Reform,” pp. 12–13.)
  • Research Summary

Advancing Leadership: Research and Teaching

By: Nitin Nohria
Despite the fact that most business schools' mission statement proclaim their commitment to developing leaders who can contribute in a meaningful way to the betterment of their organizations and society, research and teaching on leadership remains a fragmented and... View Details
  • 2016
  • Working Paper

The Mirroring Hypothesis: Theory, Evidence and Exceptions

By: Lyra J. Colfer and Carliss Y. Baldwin
The mirroring hypothesis predicts that organizational ties within a project, firm, or group of firms (e.g., communication, collocation, employment) will correspond to the technical patterns of dependency in the work being performed. A thorough understanding of the... View Details
Keywords: Modularity; Innovation; Product And Process Development; Organization Design; Design Structure; Organizational Ties; Mirroring Hypothesis; Industry Architecture; Product Architecture; Complex Technical Systems; Information Technology; Organizational Design; Organizational Structure; Relationships; Innovation and Invention; Product Development
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Colfer, Lyra J., and Carliss Y. Baldwin. "The Mirroring Hypothesis: Theory, Evidence and Exceptions." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-124, April 2016. (Revised May 2016.)
  • 2011
  • Chapter

Financing Constraints and Entrepreneurship

By: William R. Kerr and Ramana Nanda
Financing constraints are one of the biggest concerns impacting potential entrepreneurs around the world. Given the important role that entrepreneurship is believed to play in the process of economic growth, alleviating financing constraints for would-be entrepreneurs... View Details
Keywords: Economic Growth; Entrepreneurship; Financing and Loans; Investment; Policy; Research
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Kerr, William R., and Ramana Nanda. "Financing Constraints and Entrepreneurship." Chap. 8 in Handbook of Research on Innovation and Entrepreneurship, edited by David Audretsch, Oliver Falck, and Stephan Heblich, 88–103. Cheltenham, U.K.: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2011. (NBER WP 15498, HBS WP 10-013.)
  • 20 Jul 2020
  • Op-Ed

It's Time for a Bipartisan Health Plan for Employers and Employees

less than private insurers for the same services. Using 2018 data (the most recent year for which all relevant data is available), we found that a pay-as-you-go Public Option could lower the price for the 3.4 million people who now buy... View Details
Keywords: by Regina E. Herzlinger and Richard J. Boxer; Health; Insurance
  • July 1995
  • Background Note

Managerial Effectiveness and Diversity: Individual Choices

Provides an introduction to the key concepts and questions individuals encounter in a diverse workplace. These concepts and questions are organized around three critical interactions and experiences in any individual's career: entry into an organization or work group;... View Details
Keywords: Management; Diversity
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Gentile, Mary C. "Managerial Effectiveness and Diversity: Individual Choices." Harvard Business School Background Note 396-003, July 1995.
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