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      Performance EfficiencyRemove Performance Efficiency →

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      • January 2018
      • Case

      Environmental Technology Fund Partners and E-Leather

      By: Vikram S. Gandhi and Aldo Sesia
      It is 2014 and Environmental Technologies Fund (ETF) Partners, a UK-based venture capital firm, has an opportunity to invest in a privately held UK company that manufactured engineered composition leather extracted from waste leather using an environmentally friendly... View Details
      Keywords: Sustainability; Venture Capital; Investment Strategy; Investment; Strategy; Ownership; Valuation; Energy Conservation; Equity; Technological Innovation; Environmental Sustainability; Performance Efficiency; Manufacturing Industry; Financial Services Industry; United Kingdom
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      Gandhi, Vikram S., and Aldo Sesia. "Environmental Technology Fund Partners and E-Leather." Harvard Business School Case 318-001, January 2018.
      • 2018
      • Working Paper

      Zig-Zagging Your Way to Transformative Impact

      By: V. Kasturi Rangan and Tricia Gregg
      Achieving transformative impact has been much discussed by social entrepreneurs, funders, and consultants. These discussions have focused on issues of increasing impact and scale, but often with no clear distinction between the two terms. In order to provide clarity,... View Details
      Keywords: Social Entrepreneurship; Performance Efficiency; Growth and Development; Outcome or Result; Strategy
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      Rangan, V. Kasturi, and Tricia Gregg. "Zig-Zagging Your Way to Transformative Impact." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 18-062, January 2018.
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      Do Banks Have an Edge?

      By: Juliane Begenau and Erik Stafford
      Overall, no! We show that the level and time series variation in cash flows for most bank activities are well matched by capital market portfolios with similar interest rate and credit risk to what banks report to hold. Ignoring operating expenses, bank loans earn high... View Details
      Keywords: Banks; Market Efficiency; Bank Capital; Bank Debt; CAPM; Banking; Bank Deposits; Bank Funding Advantage; Leverage; Maturity Transformation; Replicating Portfolio; Efficiency; Banks and Banking; Capital Markets; Performance Evaluation; Performance Efficiency; Banking Industry; United States
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      Begenau, Juliane, and Erik Stafford. "Do Banks Have an Edge?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 18-060, January 2018. (Revised October 2019.)
      • 2017
      • Working Paper

      Identifying Sources of Inefficiency in Health Care

      By: Amitabh Chandra and Douglas O. Staiger
      In medicine, the reasons for variation in treatment rates across hospitals serving similar patients are not well understood. Some interpret this variation as unwarranted and push standardization of care as a way of reducing allocative inefficiency. However, an... View Details
      Keywords: Health Care and Treatment; Performance Efficiency; Performance Productivity; Mathematical Methods
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      Chandra, Amitabh, and Douglas O. Staiger. "Identifying Sources of Inefficiency in Health Care." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 24035, November 2017.
      • Article

      Why Every Organization Needs an Augmented Reality Strategy

      By: Michael E. Porter and James E. Heppelmann
      While the physical world is three-dimensional, most data is trapped on two-dimensional pages and screens. This gulf between the real and digital worlds prevents us from fully exploiting the volumes of information now available to us. Augmented reality (AR), a set of... View Details
      Keywords: Technological Innovation; Innovation Strategy; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Performance Effectiveness
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      Porter, Michael E., and James E. Heppelmann. "Why Every Organization Needs an Augmented Reality Strategy." Harvard Business Review 95, no. 6 (November–December 2017): 46–57.
      • Article

      Stop the Meeting Madness: How to Free Up Time for Meaningful Work

      By: Leslie Perlow, Constance Noonan Hadley and Eunice Eun
      Many executives feel overwhelmed by meetings, and no wonder: On average, they spend nearly 23 hours a week in them, up from less than 10 hours in the 1960s. What’s more, the meetings are often poorly timed, badly run, or both. We can all joke about how painful they... View Details
      Keywords: Time Management; Performance Efficiency; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Performance Improvement
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      Perlow, Leslie, Constance Noonan Hadley, and Eunice Eun. "Stop the Meeting Madness: How to Free Up Time for Meaningful Work." Harvard Business Review 95, no. 4 (July–August 2017): 62–69.
      • February 2017 (Revised April 2018)
      • Case

      Kameda Seika: Cracking the U.S. Market

      By: Elie Ofek, Nobuo Sato and Akiko Kanno
      In spring 2016, Kameda’s CEO, Michiyasu Tanaka, is facing difficult questions from board members over the lackluster performance of the company’s U.S. subsidiary. Kameda was the leading player in the Japanese rice cracker market and was looking to expand overseas to... View Details
      Keywords: Marketing Strategy; Growth and Development Strategy; Adaptation; Performance Improvement; Food and Beverage Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Japan; United States
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      Ofek, Elie, Nobuo Sato, and Akiko Kanno. "Kameda Seika: Cracking the U.S. Market." Harvard Business School Case 517-095, February 2017. (Revised April 2018.)
      • Article

      Dissecting Costs of CT Study: Application of TDABC (Time-driven Activity-based Costing) in a Tertiary Academic Center

      By: Robert S. Kaplan, Yoshimi Anzai, Marta E. Heilbrun, Derek Haas, Luca Boi, Kirk Moshre, Satoshi Minoshima and Vivian S. Lee
      The lack of understanding the true costs (not charges) of delivering health care services poses tremendous challenges in the containment of health care costs. In this study, we applied an established cost accounting method, time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC),... View Details
      Keywords: Healthcare Costs; Medical Imaging; Computed Tomography; Activity-Based Costing; Cost Accounting; Activity Based Costing and Management; Health Care and Treatment; Performance Efficiency; Health Industry
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      Kaplan, Robert S., Yoshimi Anzai, Marta E. Heilbrun, Derek Haas, Luca Boi, Kirk Moshre, Satoshi Minoshima, and Vivian S. Lee. "Dissecting Costs of CT Study: Application of TDABC (Time-driven Activity-based Costing) in a Tertiary Academic Center." Academic Radiology 24, no. 2 (February 2017): 200–208.
      • November 2016 (Revised December 2016)
      • Module Note

      Strategy Execution Module 7: Designing Asset Allocation Systems

      By: Robert Simons
      This module reading provides tools and analyses for acquiring and allocating resources. The module begins by reviewing the importance of setting strategic boundaries as a basis for asset acquisitions. Next, a distinction is made between new assets acquired to meet... View Details
      Keywords: Management Control Systems; Implementing Strategy; Execution; Asset Allocation Systems; Payback; Discounted Cash Flow; Internal Rate Of Return; Strategic Investments; Analyzing Acquisitions; Strategy; Capital Budgeting
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      Simons, Robert. "Strategy Execution Module 7: Designing Asset Allocation Systems." Harvard Business School Module Note 117-107, November 2016. (Revised December 2016.)
      • October 2016 (Revised December 2016)
      • Module Note

      Strategy Execution Module 6: Evaluating Strategic Profit Performance

      By: Robert Simons
      This module reading demonstrates how to calculate and analyze the profit generated by different business strategies. Formulas and examples are provided to calculate profit generated by changes in market share, revenue growth, efficiency improvements, and support costs.... View Details
      Keywords: Management Control Systems; Implementing Strategy; Execution; Evaluating Business Performance; Profitability Analysis; Variance Analysis; Measuring Effectiveness; Measuring Efficiency; Activity-Based Costing; Flexible Budget; Accounting; Strategy
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      Simons, Robert. "Strategy Execution Module 6: Evaluating Strategic Profit Performance." Harvard Business School Module Note 117-106, October 2016. (Revised December 2016.)
      • October 2016
      • Article

      Technical Debt and System Architecture: The Impact of Coupling on Defect-related Activity

      By: Alan MacCormack and Daniel J. Sturtevant
      Technical debt is created when design decisions that are expedient in the short-term increase the costs of maintaining and adapting this system in future. An important component of technical debt relates to decisions about system architecture. As systems grow and... View Details
      Keywords: Information Infrastructure; Performance Efficiency; Applications and Software; Infrastructure
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      MacCormack, Alan, and Daniel J. Sturtevant. "Technical Debt and System Architecture: The Impact of Coupling on Defect-related Activity." Journal of Systems and Software 120 (October 2016): 170–182. (Received 31 May 2015. Revised 28 May 2016. Accepted 4 June 2016.)
      • September 2016 (Revised January 2018)
      • Module Note

      Strategy Execution Module 4: Organizing for Performance

      By: Robert Simons
      This module reading explores the implications of different business models on organization design. After discussing the distinction between units focused on work processes and those devoted to markets, the analysis provides insight as to when to organize businesses by... View Details
      Keywords: Management Control Systems; Implementing Strategy; Execution; Customer Focused Organization; Specialization; Span Of Control; Span Of Accountability; Span Of Attention; Strategy; Organizational Design; Organizational Structure
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      Simons, Robert. "Strategy Execution Module 4: Organizing for Performance." Harvard Business School Module Note 117-104, September 2016. (Revised January 2018.)
      • Article

      ESG Integration in Investment Management: Myths and Realities

      By: Sakis Kotsantonis, Christopher Pinney and George Serafeim
      The authors’ aim in this article is to set the record straight on the financial performance of sustainable investing while also correcting a number of other widespread misconceptions about this rapidly growing set of principles and methods. Myth Number 1:... View Details
      Keywords: ESG; Sustainability; Investment Management; Finance; Corporate Social Responsibility; Integrated Corporate Reporting; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Investment; Environmental Sustainability; Corporate Governance
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      Kotsantonis, Sakis, Christopher Pinney, and George Serafeim. "ESG Integration in Investment Management: Myths and Realities." Journal of Applied Corporate Finance 28, no. 2 (Spring 2016): 10–16.
      • Winter 2016
      • Article

      Improving Store Liquidation

      By: Nathan Craig and Ananth Raman
      This paper introduces methods for increasing the efficiency of retail store liquidation, which we define as the time-constrained divestment of retail outlets through an in-store sale of inventory. The retail industry depends extensively on liquidation, not only as a... View Details
      Keywords: Organizational Change and Adaptation; Operations; Investment; Retail Industry
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      Craig, Nathan, and Ananth Raman. "Improving Store Liquidation." Manufacturing & Service Operations Management 18, no. 1 (Winter 2016): 89–103.
      • September 2016
      • Article

      When 3+1>4: Gift Structure and Reciprocity in the Field

      By: Duncan S. Gilchrist, Michael Luca and Deepak Malhotra
      Do higher wages elicit reciprocity and lead to increased productivity? In a field experiment with 266 employees, we find that paying higher wages, per se, does not have a discernible effect on productivity (in a context with no future employment opportunities).... View Details
      Keywords: Wages; Performance Productivity
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      Gilchrist, Duncan S., Michael Luca, and Deepak Malhotra. "When 3+1>4: Gift Structure and Reciprocity in the Field." Management Science 62, no. 9 (September 2016): 2639–2650.
      • August 2016 (Revised November 2019)
      • Case

      Baskits Inc.

      By: Richard S. Ruback and Royce Yudkoff
      Soon after Robin Kovitz (MBA 2007) acquired Baskits Inc., the largest gift basket company in Canada, she became convinced that the business needed to make significant operational improvements. In her first year as CEO, she introduced an ERP system to help with sales... View Details
      Keywords: Production; Supply Chain; Performance Improvement; Consumer Products Industry; Canada
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      Ruback, Richard S., and Royce Yudkoff. "Baskits Inc." Harvard Business School Case 217-001, August 2016. (Revised November 2019.)
      • January 2016
      • Case

      Haiti Hope: Innovating the Mango Value Chain

      By: Amy C. Edmondson and Jean-François Harvey
      This case study examines a market-based approach to economic development through the eyes of NGO TechnoServe's project manager, implementing a US$9.5 million five-year public-private partnership between Coca-Cola, IDB, and USAID. The case ends at the beginning of the... View Details
      Keywords: Sustainability; Economic Development; Corporate Social Responsibility; Emerging Country; Teaming; Public-private Partnership; Inter-organizational Relationships; Collaboration; Strategy Implementation; Agricultural Commodity; Plant-Based Agribusiness; Public Sector; Supply Chain Management; Customer Value and Value Chain; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Learning; Partners and Partnerships; Private Sector; Developing Countries and Economies; Social Enterprise; Food and Beverage Industry; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Haiti
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      Edmondson, Amy C., and Jean-François Harvey. "Haiti Hope: Innovating the Mango Value Chain." Harvard Business School Case 616-040, January 2016.
      • 2017
      • Working Paper

      Discretionary Task Ordering: Queue Management in Radiological Services

      By: Maria Ibanez, Jonathan R. Clark, Robert S. Huckman and Bradley R. Staats
      Work scheduling research typically prescribes task sequences implemented by managers. Yet employees often have discretion to deviate from their prescribed sequence. Using data from 2.4 million radiological diagnoses, we find that doctors prioritize similar tasks... View Details
      Keywords: Discretion; Scheduling; Queue; Healthcare; Learning; Experience; Decentralization; Delegation; Behavioral Operations; Operations; Service Operations; Service Delivery; Performance; Performance Effectiveness; Performance Efficiency; Performance Improvement; Performance Productivity; Decisions; Time Management; Cost vs Benefits; Health Industry
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      Ibanez, Maria, Jonathan R. Clark, Robert S. Huckman, and Bradley R. Staats. "Discretionary Task Ordering: Queue Management in Radiological Services." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-051, October 2015. (Revised March 2017.)
      • October 2015 (Revised September 2016)
      • Case

      The Transformation of Mudo

      By: Anthony J. Mayo, Esel Çekin and Çiğdem Çelik
      After 16 years in management consulting, Barış Karakullukçu left to become the CEO of Mudo in 2012, one of the best-known names in Turkey's retail industry. She was tasked with leading Mudo's transition from a family business to a more institutionalized, corporate... View Details
      Keywords: Leadership; Management Challenges; Emerging Market; Retail; Second-generation; Operational Efficiency; Performance Management; Corporate Culture; Growth; Leading Change; Family Business; Organizational Culture; Emerging Markets; Family Ownership; Transformation; Performance Improvement; Growth and Development Strategy; Retail Industry; Turkey
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      Mayo, Anthony J., Esel Çekin, and Çiğdem Çelik. "The Transformation of Mudo." Harvard Business School Case 416-015, October 2015. (Revised September 2016.)
      • 2015
      • Working Paper

      The Impact of Funds: An Evaluation of CDC 2004-12

      By: Josh Lerner, Ann Leamon, Steve Dew and Dong Ik Lee
      CDC was founded in 1948 as part of the U.K. government's efforts to develop the economic resources of Britain's remaining colonies. Since then, CDC has pursued a series of strategies to "do good without losing money," as its original mission was phrased. Its approach... View Details
      Keywords: Investment Funds; Great Britain
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      Lerner, Josh, Ann Leamon, Steve Dew, and Dong Ik Lee. "The Impact of Funds: An Evaluation of CDC 2004-12." Working Paper, October 2015.
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