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- All HBS Web (505)
- Faculty Publications (299)
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- 2018
- Chapter
Transportation Cost and the Geography of Foreign Investment
By: Laura Alfaro and Maggie Chen
Falling transportation costs and rapid technological progress in recent decades have precipitated an explosion of cross-border flows in goods, services, investments, and ideas led by multinational firms. Extensive research has sought to understand the geographic... View Details
Alfaro, Laura, and Maggie Chen. "Transportation Cost and the Geography of Foreign Investment." In Handbook of International Trade and Transportation, edited by Bruce Blonigen and Wesley W. Wilson. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2018.
- April 2005
- Article
The Geography of Equity Analysis
By: Christopher J. Malloy
I provide evidence that geographically proximate analysts are more accurate than other analysts. Stock returns immediately surrounding forecast revisions suggest that local analysts impact prices more than other analysts. These effects are strongest for firms located... View Details
Keywords: Geographic Location; Stocks; Investment Return; Forecasting and Prediction; Price; Performance; Equity; Information; Prejudice and Bias; Agency Theory
Malloy, Christopher J. "The Geography of Equity Analysis." Journal of Finance 60, no. 2 (April 2005): 719–755. (Nominated for Smith Breeden Prize. Best Paper For the best finance research paper published in the Journal of Finance presented by Smith Breeden Associates, Inc.)
- February 2023 (Revised February 2024)
- Case
Doing Business in Bangkok, Thailand
By: Leonard A. Schlesinger and Billy Chan
Known as the “land of smiles” and the “Detroit of the East,” Thailand, with its geographical location at the heart of Asia, has attracted visitors and businesses from all over the world. This case serves as a guide that provides an overview of the history, political... View Details
- 2017
- Book
Geography, Location, and Strategy
By: Juan Alcácer, Bruce Kogut, Catherine Thomas and Bernard Yin Yeung
Changes in both technology and global political economy have vastly accelerated the pace of globalization in the last 40 years, eroding barriers that limited firms' geographic scope and unleashing a seemingly unlimited set of new threats, challenges, and opportunities... View Details
Alcácer, Juan, Bruce Kogut, Catherine Thomas and Bernard Yin Yeung, eds. Geography, Location, and Strategy. Vol. 36, Advances in Strategic Management. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2017.
- January 8, 2010
- Other Article
Multinational Firms, Agglomeration, and Global Networks
By: Laura Alfaro and Maggie Chen
Agglomeration effects are important but difficult to measure. This column uses a new database with precise geographical information to investigate the locational interdependence of multinational firms. Knowledge spillovers and capital- and labour-market externalities... View Details
Keywords: Geographic Location; Business Subsidiaries; Industry Clusters; Multinational Firms and Management; Network Effects
Alfaro, Laura, and Maggie Chen. "Multinational Firms, Agglomeration, and Global Networks." Vox, CEPR Policy Portal (January 8, 2010).
- 2015
- Working Paper
Can Marshall's Clusters Survive Globalization?
By: Giulio Buciuni and Gary P. Pisano
It is widely presumed that in today's globalized economy, the value of geographic clustering of manufacturing industries is no longer valuable. Manufacturing is represented as a highly mobile "commodity" that can be sourced from anywhere in the world where factor costs... View Details
Keywords: Manufacturing; Globalization; Marshall Industrial Clusters; Global Supply Chains; Manufacturing Industry
Buciuni, Giulio, and Gary P. Pisano. "Can Marshall's Clusters Survive Globalization?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 15-088, May 2015.
- 04 Dec 2006
- Research & Ideas
The Money Connection—Understanding VC Networks
can effectively rewire some of the links in the network. In the case of venture capital, spanning ties enable investors with fixed locations and industry expertise to learn of opportunities outside their View Details
- 2019
- Chapter
Spatial Agglomeration and Superstar Firms: Firm-level Patterns from Europe and U.S.
By: Laura Alfaro, Maggie X. Chen and Harald Fadinger
We characterize the agglomeration patterns of industries and plants in Europe, distinguishing Eurozone countries and the United States. Using a micro-level index, we quantify the degree of geographic concentration in industrial activities and explore how firm... View Details
Alfaro, Laura, Maggie X. Chen, and Harald Fadinger. "Spatial Agglomeration and Superstar Firms: Firm-level Patterns from Europe and U.S." In ECB Forum on Central Banking, 17-19 June 2019, Sintra, Portugal: 20 years of European Economic and Monetary Union: Conference Proceedings. Frankfurt: European Central Bank, 2019.
- Research Summary
Spatial Agglomeration and Superstar Firms
By: Laura Alfaro
We characterize the agglomeration patterns of industries and plants in Europe, distinguishing Eurozone countries and the United States. Using a micro-level index, we quantify the degree of geographic concentration in industrial activities and explore how firm... View Details
- 2018
- Chapter
Are Licensing Markets Local? An Analysis of the Geography of Vertical Licensing Agreements in Bio-Pharmaceuticals
By: Juan Alcacer, John Cantwell and Michelle Gittelman
As the value chain of the pharmaceutical industry disaggregates, upstream discovery is increasingly carried out by small research-specialized firms while downstream development, testing and marketing is conducted by global pharmaceutical firms. Licensing plays an... View Details
Keywords: Geographic Location; Local Range; Rights; Research and Development; Biotechnology Industry; Pharmaceutical Industry
Alcacer, Juan, John Cantwell, and Michelle Gittelman. "Are Licensing Markets Local? An Analysis of the Geography of Vertical Licensing Agreements in Bio-Pharmaceuticals." In Location of Biopharmaceutical Activity, edited by Iain M. Cockburn and Matthew J. Slaughter. National Bureau of Economic Research, forthcoming.
- January 2009
- Article
Spatial Diversity in Invention: Evidence from the Early R&D Labs
By: Tom Nicholas
This article uses historical data on inventor and firm R&D lab locations to examine the technological and geographic structure of corporate knowledge capital accumulation during a formative period in the organization of US innovation. Despite the localization of... View Details
Keywords: Factories, Labs, and Plants; Geographic Location; Innovation and Invention; Patents; Knowledge Acquisition; Research and Development; United States
Nicholas, Tom. "Spatial Diversity in Invention: Evidence from the Early R&D Labs." Journal of Economic Geography 9, no. 1 (January 2009).
- 05 Oct 2011
- Working Paper Summaries
Doing What the Parents Want? The Effect of the Local Information Environment on the Investment Decisions of Multinational Corporations
- 05 Jul 2006
- Working Paper Summaries
Geographically-Colocated Subgroups in Globally Dispersed Teams: A Test of the Faultline Hypothesis
- 29 Jul 2019
- Research & Ideas
How Companies Benefit When Employees Work Remotely
workers temporal flexibility, ‘work from anywhere’ goes a step further and provides both temporal and geographic flexibility,” says Choudhury, who co-authored the paper, (Live and) Work from Anywhere: View Details
Keywords: by Kristen Senz
- Article
Surviving Radical Technological Change through Dynamic Capability: Evidence from the Typesetter Industry
Recent work in the field of management has focused on "dynamic capability," the ability of a firm to develop new capabilities in response to shifts in its external environment, as a significant source of competitive advantage. This paper enhances our understanding of... View Details
Keywords: Management; Technology; History; Competition; Competency and Skills; Investment; Technological Innovation; Business Ventures; Geographic Location; Knowledge Acquisition; Competitive Advantage; Change
Tripsas, M. "Surviving Radical Technological Change through Dynamic Capability: Evidence from the Typesetter Industry." Industrial and Corporate Change 6, no. 2 (March 1997): 341–377.
- May 2025
- Article
The Diffusion of New Technologies
By: Aakash Kalyani, Marcela Carvalho, Nicholas Bloom, Tarek Hassan, Josh Lerner and Ahmed Tahoun
We identify phrases associated with novel technologies using textual analysis of patents,
job postings, and earnings calls, enabling us to identify four stylized facts on the diffusion of jobs
relating to new technologies. First, the development of economically... View Details
Keywords: Technology; Geography; Innovation; R＆D; Technological Innovation; Research and Development; Employment; Geographic Location
Kalyani, Aakash, Marcela Carvalho, Nicholas Bloom, Tarek Hassan, Josh Lerner, and Ahmed Tahoun. "The Diffusion of New Technologies." Quarterly Journal of Economics 140, no. 2 (May 2025): 1299–1365. (Earlier version distributed as National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper No. 28999 and Harvard Business School Working Paper No. 21-114. Related discussion published as “How Disruptive Technologies Diffuse,” VoxEU, 2021.)
- Working Paper
Group Fairness in Dynamic Refugee Assignment
By: Daniel Freund, Thodoris Lykouris, Elisabeth Paulson, Bradley Sturt and Wentao Weng
Ensuring that refugees and asylum seekers thrive (e.g., find employment) in their host countries is a profound humanitarian goal, and a primary driver of employment is the geographic
location within a host country to which the refugee or asylum seeker is... View Details
Freund, Daniel, Thodoris Lykouris, Elisabeth Paulson, Bradley Sturt, and Wentao Weng. "Group Fairness in Dynamic Refugee Assignment." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-047, February 2023.
- 2020
- Working Paper
Measuring the Cost of Corporate Water Usage
By: DG Park, George Serafeim and T. Robert Zochowski
We develop a methodology that calculates the impact that organizations have on the environment through their water consumption relating to water stress risk. Using the methodology, we derive estimates for four companies that show how assumptions on the geographic... View Details
Keywords: Water; Water Management; Environment; Sustainability; Environmental Impact; Impact-Weighted Accounts; IWAI; Organizations; Environmental Sustainability; Valuation
Park, DG, George Serafeim, and T. Robert Zochowski. "Measuring the Cost of Corporate Water Usage." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-036, September 2020.
- February 2022
- Case
US Foods: Driving Post-Pandemic Success?
By: David E. Bell, Olivia Hull and Amy Klopfenstein
In November 2021, US Foods CEO Pietro Satriano must decide his company’s trajectory following the COVID-19 pandemic. US Foods suffered due to business closures and social distancing during the height of the pandemic. While the situation improved following the return of... View Details
Keywords: COVID-19 Pandemic; Agribusiness; Food; Goods and Commodities; Jobs and Positions; Job Design and Levels; Job Offer; Labor; Employment; Human Capital; Wages; Working Conditions; Operations; Distribution Channels; Order Taking and Fulfillment; Infrastructure; Logistics; Product Development; Diversification; Product Design; Service Delivery; Service Operations; Supply Chain Management; Social Psychology; Motivation and Incentives; Transportation; Truck Transportation; Transportation Networks; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Distribution Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Transportation Industry; United States
Bell, David E., Olivia Hull, and Amy Klopfenstein. "US Foods: Driving Post-Pandemic Success?" Harvard Business School Case 522-023, February 2022.
- March 2022
- Background Note
Climate Challenges for Cities: Introduction to Issues and Actions in the United States
By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Catarina Mia Martinez
This background Note introduces the implications of climate change (global warming) for American cities. In the U.S., partisan political divides and unaddressed economic and racial disparities in climate vulnerabilities can inhibit action. The two main fronts for... View Details
Keywords: Climate Change; Cities; Emission Reduction; Change; Change Leadership; Electric Power Generation; Transportation; Recycling; Green Business; Green Building; Ecosystem; Construction; Systems Change; Cross-sector Collaboration; Adaptation; Geographic Location; Resource Allocation; Infrastructure; Government and Politics; Social Issues; Urban Development; United States
Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, and Catarina Mia Martinez. "Climate Challenges for Cities: Introduction to Issues and Actions in the United States." Harvard Business School Background Note 322-103, March 2022.