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Show Results For
- All HBS Web
(15,481)
- People (43)
- News (3,320)
- Research (9,128)
- Events (53)
- Multimedia (221)
- Faculty Publications (7,336)
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- 2021
- Working Paper
Accounting for Workforce Impact at Scale
By: Adel Fadhel, Katie Panella, Ethan Rouen and George Serafeim
Using new data on workforce composition and wages, we systematically measure the employment impact at U.S. firms from 2008 to 2020, including 2,682 unique firms and 22,322 firm-year observations. We document significant variation across industries and firms within each... View Details
Keywords: Impact Accounting; ESG; Employee Turnover; Wages; Employment; Measurement and Metrics; Human Capital; Diversity; United States
Fadhel, Adel, Katie Panella, Ethan Rouen, and George Serafeim. "Accounting for Employment Impact at Scale." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-018, December 2021.
- Article
Consequences of Financial Reporting Failure for Outside Directors: Evidence from Accounting Restatements and Audit Committee Members
By: Suraj Srinivasan
I use a sample of 409 companies that restated their earnings from 1997 to 2001 to examine penalties for outside directors, particularly audit committee members, when their companies experience accounting restatements. Penalties from lawsuits and Securities and Exchange... View Details
Keywords: Outcome or Result; Business Earnings; Financial Statements; Lawsuits and Litigation; Labor; Markets; Financial Reporting; Accounting Audits; Cost; Reputation
Srinivasan, Suraj. "Consequences of Financial Reporting Failure for Outside Directors: Evidence from Accounting Restatements and Audit Committee Members." Journal of Accounting Research 43, no. 2 (May 2005): 291–334.
- September 2011
- Article
Political Instability: Effects on Financial Development, Roots in the Severity of Economic Inequality
By: Mark J. Roe and Jordan I. Siegel
We here bring forward strong evidence that political instability impedes financial development, with its variation a primary determinant of differences in financial development around the world. As such, it needs to be added to the short list of major determinants of... View Details
Keywords: Financial Development; Political Instability; Government and Politics; Finance; Growth and Development; Economics; Equality and Inequality
Roe, Mark J., and Jordan I. Siegel. "Political Instability: Effects on Financial Development, Roots in the Severity of Economic Inequality." Journal of Comparative Economics 39, no. 3 (September 2011): 279–309. (We here bring forward strong evidence that political instability impedes financial development, with its variation a primary determinant of differences in financial development around the world. As such, it needs to be added to the short list of major determinants of financial development. First, structural conditions first postulated by
Engerman and Sokoloff (2002) as generating long-term inequality are shown here empirically to be exogenous determinants of political instability. Second, that exogenously-determined political instability in turn holds back financial development, even when we control for factors prominent in the last decade's cross-country studies of
financial development. The findings indicate that inequality-perpetuating conditions that result in political instability are fundamental roadblocks for international organizations like the World Bank that seek to promote financial development. The evidence here includes country fixed effect regressions and an instrumental model inspired by Engerman and Sokoloff's (2002) work, which to our knowledge has not yet been used in finance and which is consistent with current tests as valid instruments. Four conventional measures of national political instability — Alesina and Perotti's (1996) well-known index of instability, a subsequent index derived from Banks' (2005) work,
and two indices of managerial perceptions of nation-by-nation political instability — persistently predict a wide range of national financial development outcomes for recent decades. Political instability's significance is time consistent in cross-sectional regressions back to the 1960's, the period when the key data becomes available, robust
in both country fixed-effects and instrumental variable regressions, and consistent across multiple measures of instability and of financial development. Overall, the results indicate the existence of an important channel running from structural inequality to political instability, principally in nondemocratic settings, and then to financial
backwardness. The robust significance of that channel extends existing work demonstrating the importance of political economy explanations for financial development and financial backwardness. It should help to better understand which policies will work for financial development, because political instability has causes, cures, and effects quite distinct from those of many of the key institutions most studied in the past decade as explaining financial backwardness.)
- Research Summary
Do Measures of Financial Constraints Measure Financial Constraints?
Financial constraints are fundamental to empirical research in finance and economics. In joint work with Alexander Ljunqvist, we propose two novel tests to evaluate how well measures of financial constraints actually capture constraints. We find that firms... View Details
- March 1999
- Article
CFA Level 1 and II Accounting and Financial Analysis Review
By: David F. Hawkins
Hawkins, David F. "CFA Level 1 and II Accounting and Financial Analysis Review." Accounting Bulletin, no. 77 (March 1999).
- February 2016
- Article
Do Measures of Financial Constraints Measure Financial Constraints?
By: Joan Farre-Mensa and Alexander Ljungqvist
Financial constraints are fundamental to empirical research in finance and economics. We propose two tests to evaluate how well measures of financial constraints actually capture constraints. We find that firms typically classified as constrained do not in fact behave... View Details
Keywords: Corporate Finance
Farre-Mensa, Joan, and Alexander Ljungqvist. "Do Measures of Financial Constraints Measure Financial Constraints?" Review of Financial Studies 29, no. 2 (February 2016): 271–308.
- November 2009
- Article
Is it Fair to Blame Fair Value Accounting for the Financial Crisis?
By: Robert C. Pozen
When the credit markets seized up in 2008, many heaped blame on "mark to market" accounting rules, which require banks to write down their troubled assets to the prices they'd fetch if sold on the open market - at the time, next to nothing. Recording those assets below... View Details
Keywords: Cost Accounting; Fair Value Accounting; Financial Crisis; Assets; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Crisis Management; Standards; Banking Industry
Pozen, Robert C. "Is it Fair to Blame Fair Value Accounting for the Financial Crisis?" Harvard Business Review 87, no. 11 (November 2009).
- Article
Evolution of Management Accounting
By: Robert S. Kaplan
Keywords: Cost Accounting
Kaplan, Robert S. "Evolution of Management Accounting." Accounting Review 59, no. 3 (July 1984): 390–418.
- September 1979 (Revised July 1993)
- Background Note
Liberal Art of Accounting
By: William J. Bruns Jr. and Julie H. Hertenstein
Keywords: Accounting
Bruns, William J., Jr., and Julie H. Hertenstein. "Liberal Art of Accounting." Harvard Business School Background Note 180-024, September 1979. (Revised July 1993.)
- 17 Sep 2007
- Working Paper Summaries
Evidence on the Effects of Unverifiable Fair-Value Accounting
Keywords: by Karthik Ramanna & Ross L. Watts
- 31 Oct 2013
- Working Paper Summaries
Do Measures of Financial Constraints Measure Financial Constraints?
- September 2013
- Teaching Note
The Case of the Unidentified Industries—2013
By: Mihir A. Desai, William E. Fruhan, Jr. and Elizabeth A. Meyer
Helps students to understand how the characteristics of a business are reflected in its financial statements. This case consists of an exercise in which students are given balance sheet data in percentage form and other selected financial data for companies in 14... View Details
- Article
High School Curriculum and Financial Outcomes: The Impact of Mandated Personal Finance and Mathematics Courses
By: Shawn Cole, Anna Paulson and Gauri Kartini Shastry
Financial literacy and cognitive capabilities are convincingly linked to the quality of financial decision-making. Yet, there is little evidence that education intended to improve financial decision-making is successful. Using plausibly exogenous variation in exposure... View Details
Keywords: Financial Literacy; Cognitive Capability; Secondary Education; Personal Finance; Decision Making
Cole, Shawn, Anna Paulson, and Gauri Kartini Shastry. "High School Curriculum and Financial Outcomes: The Impact of Mandated Personal Finance and Mathematics Courses." Journal of Human Resources 51, no. 3 (Summer 2016): 656–698.
- September 2022
- Article
The Impact of Financial Assistance Programs on Health Care Utilization: Evidence from Kaiser Permanente
By: Alyce S. Adams, Raymond Kluender, Neale Mahoney, Jinglin Wang, Francis Wong and Wesley Yin
Most hospitals have financial assistance programs for low-income patients. We use administrative data from Kaiser Permanente to study the effects of financial assistance on health care utilization. Using a regression discontinuity design based on an income threshold... View Details
Keywords: Healthcare; Utilization; Financial Assistance; Health Care and Treatment; Social Issues; Poverty; Health Industry
Adams, Alyce S., Raymond Kluender, Neale Mahoney, Jinglin Wang, Francis Wong, and Wesley Yin. "The Impact of Financial Assistance Programs on Health Care Utilization: Evidence from Kaiser Permanente." American Economic Review: Insights 4, no. 3 (September 2022): 389–407.
- December 2008
- Case
The Financial Crisis of 2008
This case presents excerpts from the speeches of observers to the 2008 financial crisis, including former and current central bankers, a private banker, and a Nobel-prize winning economist. They present different interpretations of the causes of the financial crisis... View Details
Trumbull, J. Gunnar. "The Financial Crisis of 2008." Harvard Business School Case 709-036, December 2008.
- September 2013
- Case
The Case of the Unidentified Industries—2013
By: Mihir A. Desai, William E. Fruhan Jr. and Elizabeth A. Meyer
Helps students to understand how the characteristics of a business are reflected in its financial statements. This case consists of an exercise in which students are given balance sheet data in percentage form and other selected financial data for companies in 14... View Details
Keywords: Financial Management; Accounting Statements; Ratio Analysis; Financial Statements; Finance
Desai, Mihir A., William E. Fruhan Jr., and Elizabeth A. Meyer. "The Case of the Unidentified Industries—2013." Harvard Business School Case 214-028, September 2013.
- 2010
- Chapter
The Many Faces of Nonprofit Accountability
By: Alnoor Ebrahim
Calls for greater accountability are not new. Leaders of organizations, be they nonprofit, business, or government, face a constant stream of demands from various constituents demanding accountable behavior. But what does it mean to be accountable? By and large,... View Details
Keywords: Crime and Corruption; Corporate Accountability; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Taxation; Leadership; Management; Nonprofit Organizations; Behavior; Trust
Ebrahim, Alnoor. "The Many Faces of Nonprofit Accountability." Chap. 4 in The Jossey-Bass Handbook of Nonprofit Leadership and Management. 3rd ed. Edited by David O. Renz, 110–121. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2010.
- August 2002 (Revised September 2002)
- Background Note
Financial Analysis of Microsoft
Contains a detailed analysis of Microsoft's financial performance from 1985 to 2001. During this time, Microsoft improved its profitability and cash flow generation--changes that led to a dramatic rise in valuation. Also addresses the issue of determining how much... View Details
Sahlman, William A. "Financial Analysis of Microsoft." Harvard Business School Background Note 803-019, August 2002. (Revised September 2002.)
- 1985
- Chapter
Accounting Lag: The Obsolescence of Cost Accounting Systems
By: Robert S. Kaplan
Keywords: Cost Accounting
- Article
The Disintermediation of Financial Markets: Direct Investing in Private Equity
By: Lily Fang, Victoria Ivashina and Josh Lerner
We examine twenty years of direct private equity investments by seven large institutions. These direct investments perform better than public market indices, especially buyout investments and those made in the 1990s. Outperformance by the direct investments, however,... View Details
Keywords: Financial Intermediation; Direct Investment; Co-investment; Private Equity; Entrepreneurship; Financial Markets
Fang, Lily, Victoria Ivashina, and Josh Lerner. "The Disintermediation of Financial Markets: Direct Investing in Private Equity." Journal of Financial Economics 116, no. 1 (April 2015): 160–178.