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- All HBS Web
(384)
- News (41)
- Research (314)
- Multimedia (3)
- Faculty Publications (210)
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- November 2010 (Revised February 2013)
- Case
Energy Security in Europe (A): Nord Stream
By: Rawi E. Abdelal and Sogomon Tarontsi
Russian and German energy firms initiated the Nord Stream natural gas pipeline project with strong political support from their home governments but encountered resistance from other states. Although the pipeline would connect Russia with Germany directly, the project... View Details
Keywords: Non-Renewable Energy; Leadership; Distribution; Business and Government Relations; Conflict and Resolution; Energy Industry; Russia; European Union; Germany
Abdelal, Rawi E., and Sogomon Tarontsi. "Energy Security in Europe (A): Nord Stream." Harvard Business School Case 711-026, November 2010. (Revised February 2013.)
- July 2010 (Revised June 2012)
- Background Note
Note: Regulation of Hedge Fund Managers in the U.K. Before and After the Global Financial Crisis
By: Robert C. Pozen and Melissa Anne Hammerle
This note will examine the regulatory framework for hedge funds in the United Kingdom (UK) before and after the financial crisis of 2008. First, it will discuss European Union (EU)-level regulation that applies to the UK as an EU member state. Second, it will discuss... View Details
Keywords: Financial Crisis; Investment Funds; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Laws and Statutes; Business and Government Relations; Financial Services Industry; European Union; United Kingdom
Pozen, Robert C., and Melissa Anne Hammerle. "Note: Regulation of Hedge Fund Managers in the U.K. Before and After the Global Financial Crisis." Harvard Business School Background Note 311-014, July 2010. (Revised June 2012.)
- February 1995
- Case
Catalan Leather Industry, The
Antoni Subira, the Minister of Industry in Catalonia, Spain, must decide whether to impose strict European Union environmental guidelines on the local leather industry. Failure to impose new regulations would result in substantial fines. Imposition, on the other hand,... View Details
Enright, Michael J., Eduard Ballarin, Maria del Mar Prats, and Maria Dolores Rodriguez. "Catalan Leather Industry, The." Harvard Business School Case 795-105, February 1995.
- October 21, 2022
- Article
Climate Regulations Are About to Disrupt Global Shipping
By: Willy C. Shih
Ships that transport goods across oceans are collectively a major generator of greenhouse gases. Rules from the International Maritime Organization and the European Union aimed at curbing these emission promise to make transoceanic and regional shipping more expensive... View Details
Keywords: Shipping; Decarbonization; Environmental Regulation; Supply Chain; Disruption; Shipping Industry; Atlantic Ocean; Oceania; Asia; Europe; North and Central America
Shih, Willy C. "Climate Regulations Are About to Disrupt Global Shipping." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (October 21, 2022).
- January 2018 (Revised March 2018)
- Case
Portugal: Can Socialism Survive?
By: Richard H.K. Vietor and Haviland Sheldahl-Thomason
Portugal was not ready to join the European Monetary Union in 1999. With strong unions, weak competitiveness, and a legacy of socialism, it could not compete with north-European countries. After borrowing extensively to fund deficits, Portugal went into debt crisis in... View Details
Vietor, Richard H.K., and Haviland Sheldahl-Thomason. "Portugal: Can Socialism Survive?" Harvard Business School Case 718-024, January 2018. (Revised March 2018.)
- June 2022
- Case
Business Implications from Regulating Carbon Emissions in the EU
By: George Serafeim and Benjamin Maletta
In the beginning of the 21st century, the European Union (the EU) had led the global fight against climate change with a wide array of policy measures. The EU’s primary approach to climate policy had been taxation via the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU... View Details
Keywords: Regulation; Carbon Emissions; Trade; Sustainability; Decarbonization; Performance; Climate Change; Analysis; Strategy; Taxation; Policy; Environmental Regulation; Industry Structures; European Union
Serafeim, George, and Benjamin Maletta. "Business Implications from Regulating Carbon Emissions in the EU." Harvard Business School Case 122-106, June 2022.
- March 2014 (Revised January 2025)
- Case
Ukraine: On the Border of Europe and Eurasia
By: Rawi Abdelal, Rafael M. Di Tella, Sogomon Tarontsi and Lavinia Teodorescu
In the fall of 2013, the people of Ukraine disagreed passionately whether their country should intensify ties with the European Union or Russia. After President Yanukovych rejected the free trade agreement with the EU in November, thousands of Ukrainians peacefully... View Details
Keywords: Decision Making; Cost vs Benefits; Decision Choices and Conditions; Decisions; Forecasting and Prediction; Judgments; Geopolitical Units; Country; Globalization; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Global Strategy; Globalized Economies and Regions; Globalized Markets and Industries; Government and Politics; International Relations; National Security; Growth and Development; History; Europe; Ukraine; European Union; Russia
Abdelal, Rawi, Rafael M. Di Tella, Sogomon Tarontsi, and Lavinia Teodorescu. "Ukraine: On the Border of Europe and Eurasia." Harvard Business School Case 714-042, March 2014. (Revised January 2025.)
- November 2009 (Revised July 2011)
- Case
International Lobbying and The Dow Chemical Company (A)
By: Arthur A. Daemmrich
This case explores company strategy, business-government relations, and collective action challenges associated with international and domestic lobbying regarding regulation of the chemical industry. In the fall of 2006, a five-year legislative process for a major new... View Details
Keywords: Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Government Legislation; Business and Government Relations; Power and Influence; Competitive Advantage; Corporate Strategy; Chemical Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Europe
Daemmrich, Arthur A. "International Lobbying and The Dow Chemical Company (A)." Harvard Business School Case 710-027, November 2009. (Revised July 2011.)
- January 2009 (Revised December 2017)
- Case
Who Broke the Bank of England?
By: Niall Ferguson and Jonathan Schlefer
In the summer of 1992, hedge fund manager George Soros was contemplating the possibility that the European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM) would break down. Designed to pave the way for a full-scale European Monetary Union, the ERM was a system of fixed exchange rates... View Details
Keywords: Decision Choices and Conditions; Currency Exchange Rate; Investment; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Financial Services Industry; European Union
Ferguson, Niall, and Jonathan Schlefer. "Who Broke the Bank of England?" Harvard Business School Case 709-026, January 2009. (Revised December 2017.)
- June 2013
- Article
Dysfunction in the Boardroom: Understanding the Persistent Gender Gap at the Highest Levels
By: Boris Groysberg and Deborah Bell
The article examines the gender gap that is present in boardrooms in U.S. corporations and internationally in 2013 as more women attempt to reach executive-level positions. Countries in the European Union are attempting to institute laws regarding the minimum... View Details
Keywords: Equality and Inequality; Governing and Advisory Boards; Gender; United States; European Union
Groysberg, Boris, and Deborah Bell. "Dysfunction in the Boardroom: Understanding the Persistent Gender Gap at the Highest Levels." Harvard Business Review 91, no. 6 (June 2013): 88–97.
- March 2001 (Revised June 2003)
- Case
FDI in China
China is one of the most popular investment destinations in the world. Throughout much of the 1990s, China accounted for 50% of foreign direct investment (FDI) going into developing countries, and between 1994 and 1997, China was the second-largest recipient of FDI in... View Details
Huang, Yasheng. "FDI in China." Harvard Business School Case 701-061, March 2001. (Revised June 2003.)
- 2016
- Working Paper
More Effective Sports Sponsorship—Combining and Integrating Key Resources and Capabilities of International Sports Events and Their Major Sponsors
By: Ragnar Lund and Stephen A. Greyser
Organizations in the field of sports are becoming increasingly dependent on sponsors for their value creation and growth. Studies suggest that sports organizations (rights-holders) often fail to exploit the full potential of such sponsorship partnerships. The aim of... View Details
Keywords: Sponsorship; "Sports Organizations,; Case Study; Europe; Business Relationships; Collaborative Marketing; Value Co-creation; Relationship Portfolio Management; Value Creation; Cases; Marketing; Sports; Sports Industry; Europe
Lund, Ragnar, and Stephen A. Greyser. "More Effective Sports Sponsorship—Combining and Integrating Key Resources and Capabilities of International Sports Events and Their Major Sponsors." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-139, June 2016.
- August 2008
- Supplement
Iceland (B): Redefining Aaa-Rated Sovereigns
By: Aldo Musacchio
In May of 2008, a team of sovereign debt analysts at Moody's had to decide whether to downgrade the country's sovereign long-term debt from Aaa to Aa1 or lower. Investor sentiment toward Iceland had changed radically in March, and the Moody's team was fearful that the... View Details
Keywords: Sovereign Finance; Financial Crisis; Borrowing and Debt; Currency; Financial Condition; Decision Choices and Conditions; Iceland; European Union
Musacchio, Aldo. "Iceland (B): Redefining Aaa-Rated Sovereigns." Harvard Business School Supplement 709-012, August 2008.
- August 2008 (Revised October 2010)
- Case
Iceland (A)
By: Aldo Musacchio
In May of 2008, a team of sovereign debt analysts at Moody's had to decide whether to downgrade the country's sovereign long-term debt from Aaa to Aa1 or lower. Investor sentiment toward Iceland had changed radically in March, and the Moody's team was fearful that the... View Details
Keywords: Decision Choices and Conditions; Financial Crisis; Borrowing and Debt; Currency; Financial Condition; Sovereign Finance; European Union; Iceland
Musacchio, Aldo. "Iceland (A)." Harvard Business School Case 709-011, August 2008. (Revised October 2010.)
- 29 Jun 2016
- Op-Ed
What Hath the United Kingdom Wrought?
commonTreasury and fiscal harmonization. Europe must ensure that its efforts have the support of public opinion and are not seen, as too often in the past, as the product of political and technocratic elites. Not an easy task without more solid economic growth. Next... View Details
Keywords: by Dante Roscini
- February 25, 2016
- Article
The Hodgepodge Principle in U.S. Privacy Policy
By: John A. Deighton
Data, says Professor Lawrence Summers, is the new oil, "a hugely valuable asset essential to economic life." Personal data, the kind of data that invites thoughts of privacy, is a big part of that. The European Union saw this economic fuel source coming long ago and... View Details
Keywords: Data; Privacy; Technology; Big Data; Personal Data; Marketing; Information Technology; Analytics and Data Science
Deighton, John A. "The Hodgepodge Principle in U.S. Privacy Policy." Harvard Law and Policy Review Blog (March 2, 2016). http://harvardlpr.com/2016/03/02/the-hodgepodge-principle-in-us-privacy-policy/.
- August 2005 (Revised March 2024)
- Background Note
Spotting Institutional Voids in Emerging Markets
By: Tarun Khanna and Krishna Palepu
With the demise of communism, many countries in the world are striving to build their economic activity around markets and to participate in free trade arrangements, such as the World Trade Organization (WTO), European Union (EU), and North American Free Trade... View Details
Keywords: Emerging Markets
Khanna, Tarun, and Krishna Palepu. "Spotting Institutional Voids in Emerging Markets." Harvard Business School Background Note 106-014, August 2005. (Revised March 2024.)
- February 2004 (Revised March 2004)
- Case
Fuel Cells: The Hydrogen Revolution?
By: Thomas R. Eisenmann and Ryland Matthew Willis
The challenges faced in establishing hydrogen fuel cell-powered transportation in the United States, which promises to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on imported oil is examined. Foremost among these challenges is a "chicken-and-egg" dynamic: consumers... View Details
Keywords: Taxation; Environmental Sustainability; Infrastructure; Government Administration; Energy Sources; Business and Government Relations; Network Effects; Transportation; Green Technology Industry; Energy Industry; European Union; Japan; United States
Eisenmann, Thomas R., and Ryland Matthew Willis. "Fuel Cells: The Hydrogen Revolution?" Harvard Business School Case 804-144, February 2004. (Revised March 2004.)
- October 2004 (Revised February 2007)
- Case
Spain: Straddling the Atlantic
By: Rafael M. Di Tella and Ingrid Vogel
Provides a broad overview of economic and political developments in Spain from the 1940s to the present day. Examines the emergence of Spain from the Franco dictatorship and its convergence into a vibrant democracy, as reflected in the surprising election results of... View Details
Di Tella, Rafael M., and Ingrid Vogel. "Spain: Straddling the Atlantic." Harvard Business School Case 705-006, October 2004. (Revised February 2007.)