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Show Results For
- All HBS Web
(23,776)
- People (38)
- News (5,509)
- Research (14,276)
- Events (160)
- Multimedia (480)
- Faculty Publications (11,787)
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- 1965
- Book
Product Innovation and Organization
By: J. W. Lorsch
Lorsch, J. W. Product Innovation and Organization. New York: Macmillan Publishing, 1965.
- 2012
- Article
Organization Design for Business Ecosystems
The modern corporation has long been the central focus of the field of organization design. Such firms can be likened to nation-states: they have boundaries that circumscribe citizen-employees, and they engage in production and trade. But individual corporations are... View Details
Keywords: Modularity; Business Ecosystems; Distributed Innovation; Problem Solving; Property Rights; Organization Design; Networks; Integration; Competition; Organizational Design; Innovation and Management
Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Organization Design for Business Ecosystems." Special Issue on The Future of Organization Design. Journal of Organization Design 1, no. 1 (2012).
- September 2022
- Background Note
On CUE: The Quest for Optimal Customer Unit Economics
By: Elie Ofek, Barak Libai and Eitan Muller
Startups are often evaluated by how well they perform on unit economics, defined as the ratio of a customer’s lifetime value (LTV) to acquisition costs (CAC). A common target for unit economics, advocated by many VCs and analysts, is 3:1 (i.e., LTV/CAC=3). While there... View Details
Keywords: Unit Economics; Business Startups; Performance Evaluation; Customer Value and Value Chain; Customer Relationship Management; Analysis
Ofek, Elie, Barak Libai, and Eitan Muller. "On CUE: The Quest for Optimal Customer Unit Economics." Harvard Business School Background Note 523-050, September 2022.
- 2012
- Chapter
Technological Innovation and Organizations
By: Pierre Azoulay and Josh Lerner
Azoulay, Pierre, and Josh Lerner. "Technological Innovation and Organizations." Chap. 14 in Handbook of Organizational Economics, edited by Robert Gibbons and John Roberts, 575–603. Princeton University Press, 2012.
- March 2020
- Article
Organizing Knowledge Production Teams Within Firms for Innovation
By: Vikas A. Aggarwal, David H. Hsu and Andy Wu
How should firms organize their pool of inventive human capital for firm-level innovation? While access to diverse knowledge may aid knowledge recombination, which can facilitate innovation, prior literature has focused primarily on one way of achieving that: diversity... View Details
Keywords: Knowledge Recombination; Organization Design; Team Boundary; Innovation; Knowledge Sharing; Diversity; Innovation and Invention; Groups and Teams; Human Capital; Organizational Design
Aggarwal, Vikas A., David H. Hsu, and Andy Wu. "Organizing Knowledge Production Teams Within Firms for Innovation." Art. 1. Strategy Science 5, no. 1 (March 2020): 1–16. (Lead article.)
- 1994
- Chapter
Project Leadership and Organization
By: K. B. Clark, M. Iansiti and R. Billington
Clark, K. B., M. Iansiti, and R. Billington. "Project Leadership and Organization." In The Perpetual Enterprise Machine: Seven Keys to Corporate Renewal through Successful Product and Process Development, edited by H. K. Bowen, K. B. Clark, C. H. Holloway, and S. C. Wheelwright. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994.
- February 1991 (Revised February 1992)
- Background Note
Information Technology and Organizations
Applegate, Lynda M. "Information Technology and Organizations." Harvard Business School Background Note 191-136, February 1991. (Revised February 1992.)
- May 2025
- Article
Transaction Cost Economics in the Digital Economy: A Research Agenda
By: Frank Nagle, Robert Seamans and Steve Tadelis
Transaction cost economics theory explains when it is more efficient for a transaction between two parties to occur across the market or within an organization. How does transaction cost economics apply in the digital economy, which relies on digital transactions? In... View Details
Keywords: Transaction Cost Economics; Digital Economy; Economics; Cost; Markets; Research; Digital Transformation
Nagle, Frank, Robert Seamans, and Steve Tadelis. "Transaction Cost Economics in the Digital Economy: A Research Agenda." Strategic Organization 23, no. 2 (May 2025): 351–365.
- April 1985 (Revised March 1987)
- Background Note
Organizing and Controlling MNCs
Keywords: Multinational Firms and Management
Bartlett, Christopher A. "Organizing and Controlling MNCs." Harvard Business School Background Note 385-325, April 1985. (Revised March 1987.)
- 1992
- Book
Managing People and Organizations
By: J. J. Gabarro
Keywords: Management Practices and Processes
Gabarro, J. J., ed. Managing People and Organizations. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press, 1992.
- 1987
- Chapter
Organization Change and Development
By: Michael Beer and Anna Elise Walton
Beer, Michael, and Anna Elise Walton. "Organization Change and Development." In Annual Review of Psychology, Volume 38, edited by Mark R. Rosenzweig and Lyman W. Porter, 339–367. Annual Reviews, 1987.
- January 2009 (Revised June 2014)
- Supplement
CityCenter (B): Economics and Delivery
By: A. Eugene Kohn, John D. Macomber and Ben Creo
Bill Smith is informed by his general contractor that a key component of the Aria Resort is going to be delayed. Aria is the centerpiece of CityCenter: a $9 billion complex and a bet-the-firm decision for MGM Mirage. Smith must make a decision as to whether to force... View Details
Keywords: Buildings and Facilities; Decision Choices and Conditions; Construction; Finance; Organizational Structure; Projects; Complexity
Kohn, A. Eugene, John D. Macomber, and Ben Creo. "CityCenter (B): Economics and Delivery." Harvard Business School Supplement 209-094, January 2009. (Revised June 2014.)
- Teaching Interest
Space: Public and Commercial Economics
Space is a place of unparalleled possibility for humanity, and it is in the midst of a revolution. In this course, we will learn about this revolution and the companies, such as SpaceX, Blue Origin, Axiom, Planet, and more. We will be joined by leaders in the... View Details
- September 1986
- Background Note
Developing People and Organizations
Pearson, Andrall E. "Developing People and Organizations." Harvard Business School Background Note 387-050, September 1986.
- January 1996
- Background Note
Creativity and Innovation in Organizations
Creativity, the production of new and useful ideas by individuals or teams, can appear in many forms and many functions within firms of all kinds--from entrepreneurial start-ups to well-established enterprises. This note describes the varieties of creativity in... View Details
Keywords: Change Management; Entrepreneurship; Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Organizational Design; Situation or Environment; Creativity
Amabile, Teresa M. "Creativity and Innovation in Organizations." Harvard Business School Background Note 396-239, January 1996.
- 2009
- Chapter
Creativity, Improvisation, and Organizations
By: Colin M. Fisher and Teresa M. Amabile
Although the literatures on both organizational creativity and organizational improvisation have been expanding in recent years, the links between these literatures have not been deeply explored. This chapter explores those links to create a conceptualization of... View Details
Keywords: Body of Literature; Innovation and Invention; Organizational Culture; Research; Creativity; Theory
Fisher, Colin M., and Teresa M. Amabile. "Creativity, Improvisation, and Organizations." In The Routledge Companion to Creativity, edited by Tudor Rickards, Mark A. Runco, and Susan Moger. Oxford, U.K.: Routledge, 2009.
- 2020
- Working Paper
Transaction Cost Economics in the Digital Economy: A Research Agenda
By: Frank Nagle, Robert Seamans and Steve Tadelis
Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) theory has played an important role in understanding when it is more efficient for a transaction between two parties to occur within the market or within an organization. However, as more transactions occur in a digitally-mediated... View Details
Keywords: Transaction Cost Economics; Digital Economy; Economics; Cost; Markets; Research; Digital Transformation
Nagle, Frank, Robert Seamans, and Steve Tadelis. "Transaction Cost Economics in the Digital Economy: A Research Agenda." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-009, July 2020.
- Forthcoming
- Article
Training, Communications Patterns, and Spillovers Inside Organizations
By: Miguel Espinosa and Christopher T. Stanton
This paper examines how training affects productivity across hierarchical layers within organizations. After a randomized training program for frontline employees at a government agency, trained workers' output increased while their requests for managerial assistance... View Details
Keywords: Spillovers; Labor Productivity; Firm Objectives, Organization, And Behavior; Training; Performance Productivity
Espinosa, Miguel, and Christopher T. Stanton. "Training, Communications Patterns, and Spillovers Inside Organizations." Journal of Political Economy (forthcoming).
- Research Summary
Hybrid organizing
By: Julie Battilana
While historically the commercial and social sectors have evolved on fairly separate tracks, over the last 30 years we have witnessed a blurring of the boundaries between these two sectors. In an effort to account for this transition, Professor Battilana’s second... View Details