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    • All HBS Web  (666)
      • Faculty Publications  (80)

      Capital EfficiencyRemove Capital Efficiency →

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      • October 2010
      • Article

      The Emerging Capital Market for Nonprofits

      By: Robert S. Kaplan and Allen S. Grossman
      Many of our largest and most successful companies today did not exist 50 years ago. During this same time interval, companies that ranked among top in the 1960s have disappeared, been merged out of existence, or become much smaller presences in the U.S. industrial... View Details
      Keywords: Capital Markets; Investment Funds; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; Corporate Accountability; Management Practices and Processes; Infrastructure; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Performance Effectiveness; Nonprofit Organizations
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      Kaplan, Robert S., and Allen S. Grossman. "The Emerging Capital Market for Nonprofits." Harvard Business Review 88, no. 10 (October 2010).
      • 2010
      • Book

      Winning in Emerging Markets: A Road Map for Strategy and Execution

      By: Tarun Khanna, Krishna G. Palepu and Richard Bullock
      The best way to select emerging markets to exploit is to evaluate their size or growth potential, right? Not according to Krishna Palepu and Tarun Khanna. In 'Winning in Emerging Markets,' these leading scholars on the subject present a decidedly different framework... View Details
      Keywords: Developing Countries and Economies; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Emerging Markets; Organizations; Opportunities; Business Strategy
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      Khanna, Tarun, Krishna G. Palepu, and Richard Bullock. Winning in Emerging Markets: A Road Map for Strategy and Execution. Boston: Harvard Business Press, 2010.
      • Article

      Capital Market-Driven Corporate Finance

      By: Malcolm Baker
      Much of empirical corporate finance focuses on sources of the demand for various forms of capital, not the supply. Recently, this has changed. Supply effects of equity and credit markets can arise from a combination of three ingredients: investor tastes, limited... View Details
      Keywords: Behavioral Finance; Limits To Arbitrage; Market Efficiency; Securities Issuance; Supply Effects; Corporate Finance; Investment; Price; Capital Markets; Equity; Financial Services Industry
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      Baker, Malcolm. "Capital Market-Driven Corporate Finance." Annual Review of Financial Economics 1 (2009): 181–205.
      • October 2009
      • Article

      Managing Risk in the New World

      By: Robert S. Kaplan, Anette Mikes, Robert Simons, Peter Tufano and Michael Hofmann Jr.
      Five experts gathered recently to discuss the future of enterprise risk management: Kaplan, the Baker Foundation Professor at Harvard Business School, who with his colleague David Norton developed the balanced scorecard; Mikes, an assistant professor at HBS who studies... View Details
      Keywords: Forecasting and Prediction; Financial Crisis; Capital Structure; Job Cuts and Outsourcing; Risk Management
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      Kaplan, Robert S., Anette Mikes, Robert Simons, Peter Tufano, and Michael Hofmann Jr. "Managing Risk in the New World." Harvard Business Review 87, no. 10 (October 2009): 68–75.
      • June 2007
      • Article

      Does Employment Protection Reduce Productivity? Evidence from U.S. States

      By: David H Autor, William R. Kerr and Adriana D. Kugler
      Theory predicts that mandated employment protections may reduce productivity by distorting production choices. Firms facing (non-Coasean) worker dismissal costs will curtail hiring below efficient levels and retain unproductive workers, both of which should affect... View Details
      Keywords: Theory; Production; Selection and Staffing; Cost; Employment; Capital; Performance Productivity; United States
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      Autor, David H., William R. Kerr, and Adriana D. Kugler. "Does Employment Protection Reduce Productivity? Evidence from U.S. States." Economic Journal 117, no. 521 (June 2007): 189–217.
      • Article

      Why Schumpeter Was Right: Innovation, Market Power and Creative Destruction in 1920s America

      By: Tom Nicholas
      Are firms with strong market positions powerful engines of technological progress? Joseph Schumpeter thought so, but his hypothesis has proved difficult to verify empirically. This article highlights Schumpeterian market-power and creative-destruction effects in a... View Details
      Keywords: Innovation and Invention; Power and Influence; Emerging Markets; Rank and Position; Status and Position; Capital Markets; Capital Structure; Information Technology; Patents; Creativity; Economic Systems; Development Economics; United States
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      Nicholas, Tom. "Why Schumpeter Was Right: Innovation, Market Power and Creative Destruction in 1920s America." Journal of Economic History 63, no. 4 (December 2003).
      • July 2002 (Revised January 2003)
      • Case

      Harrah's Entertainment, Inc: Rewarding Our People

      By: Thomas J. DeLong and Vineeta Vijayaraghavan
      Marilyn Winn, head of human resources at Harrah's Entertainment, must make a recommendation to the company's president and CEO about whether the existing bonus payout program is effective at motivating employees or whether it should be revised and/or replaced. A recent... View Details
      Keywords: Customer Satisfaction; Economic Slowdown and Stagnation; Compensation and Benefits; Employees; Human Capital; Management Style; Motivation and Incentives; Alignment; Entertainment and Recreation Industry
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      DeLong, Thomas J., and Vineeta Vijayaraghavan. "Harrah's Entertainment, Inc: Rewarding Our People." Harvard Business School Case 403-008, July 2002. (Revised January 2003.)
      • April 2002
      • Article

      Limited Arbitrage in Mergers and Acquisitions

      By: Malcolm Baker and Serkan Savasoglu
      A diversified portfolio of risk arbitrage positions produces an abnormal return of 0.6-0.9% per month over the period from 1981 to 1996. We trace these profits to practical limits on risk arbitrage. In our model of risk arbitrage, arbitrageurs' risk-bearing capacity... View Details
      Keywords: Arbitrage; Market Efficiency; Mergers and Acquisitions; Profit; Risk and Uncertainty; Corporate Strategy; Capital; Banking Industry
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      Baker, Malcolm, and Serkan Savasoglu. "Limited Arbitrage in Mergers and Acquisitions." Journal of Financial Economics 64, no. 1 (April 2002): 91–116.
      • August 2001 (Revised April 2002)
      • Case

      Strategic Capital Management, LLC (A)

      By: Mark L. Mitchell, Erik Stafford and Todd Pulvino
      Strategic Capital Management, LLC, is a hedge fund that is planning to make financial investments in Creative Computers and Ubid. Creative Computers recently sold approximately 20% of its Internet auction subsidiary, Ubid, to the public at $15 per share. Ubid's stock... View Details
      Keywords: Risk and Uncertainty; Business Subsidiaries; Internet and the Web; Investment Funds; Price; Performance Efficiency; Capital Markets; Auctions; Investment Return; Equity; Planning; Financial Services Industry
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      Mitchell, Mark L., Erik Stafford, and Todd Pulvino. "Strategic Capital Management, LLC (A)." Harvard Business School Case 202-024, August 2001. (Revised April 2002.)
      • August 2001
      • Case

      Strategic Capital Management, LLC (B)

      By: Mark L. Mitchell, Erik Stafford and Todd Pulvino
      Supplements the (A) case. View Details
      Keywords: Risk and Uncertainty; Business Subsidiaries; Internet and the Web; Investment Funds; Price; Performance Efficiency; Capital Markets; Auctions; Investment Return; Equity; Planning; Financial Services Industry
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      Mitchell, Mark L., Erik Stafford, and Todd Pulvino. "Strategic Capital Management, LLC (B)." Harvard Business School Case 202-025, August 2001.
      • August 2001
      • Case

      Strategic Capital Management, LLC (C)

      By: Mark L. Mitchell, Erik Stafford and Todd Pulvino
      Supplements the (A) case. View Details
      Keywords: Risk and Uncertainty; Business Subsidiaries; Internet and the Web; Investment Funds; Price; Performance Efficiency; Capital Markets; Auctions; Investment Return; Equity; Planning; Financial Services Industry
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      Mitchell, Mark L., Erik Stafford, and Todd Pulvino. "Strategic Capital Management, LLC (C)." Harvard Business School Case 202-026, August 2001.
      • July 2001 (Revised March 2002)
      • Case

      Nasdaq Stock Market, Inc., The

      By: Andre F. Perold and Austin K Scee
      NASDAQ's mission "to facilitate capital formation" is threatened by the emergence of Electronic Communication Networks, which are not as heavily regulated by the SEC. This case reviews the development of NASDAQ and its evolution from a loose network of broker-dealers... View Details
      Keywords: Capital Markets; Stocks; Financial Markets; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Innovation Strategy; Performance Efficiency; Perspective
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      Perold, Andre F., and Austin K Scee. "Nasdaq Stock Market, Inc., The." Harvard Business School Case 202-008, July 2001. (Revised March 2002.)
      • August 2000 (Revised December 2003)
      • Case

      Dell's Working Capital

      By: Richard S. Ruback and Aldo Sesia
      Dell Computer Corp. manufactures, sells, and services personal computers. The company markets its computers directly to its customers and builds computers after receiving a customer order. This build-to-order model enables Dell to have much smaller investment in... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Management; Working Capital; Manufacturing Industry; Computer Industry
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      Ruback, Richard S., and Aldo Sesia. "Dell's Working Capital." Harvard Business School Case 201-029, August 2000. (Revised December 2003.)
      • 2000
      • Other Unpublished Work

      Career Concerns and Staged Investment: Evidence from the Venture Capital Industry

      By: Malcolm Baker
      I develop a model in which career concerns lead to inefficient reinvestment decisions. Managers have incentives to inflate interim returns by continuing bad projects and delaying write-offs. In the venture capital industry, the syndication of follow-on investments can... View Details
      Keywords: Performance Efficiency; Valuation; Venture Capital; Investment; Decisions; Motivation and Incentives; Quality
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      Baker, Malcolm. "Career Concerns and Staged Investment: Evidence from the Venture Capital Industry." 2000. (First draft in 2000.)
      • September 1997 (Revised October 2001)
      • Case

      efficient market services: August 1993 (A)

      By: Paul A. Gompers and Jeffrey A. Farrell
      Penny Baron, vice president of efficient market services, must decide how to finance rapid expansion for a young market research company. Venture leasing is a possibility and terms are explored. View Details
      Keywords: Venture Capital; Growth Management; Research; Marketing; Financing and Loans; Business Startups; Management Teams; Leasing; Service Industry; United States
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      Gompers, Paul A., and Jeffrey A. Farrell. "efficient market services: August 1993 (A)." Harvard Business School Case 298-009, September 1997. (Revised October 2001.)
      • March 1995
      • Article

      Tests of Conditional Mean-Variance Efficiency of the U.S. Stock Market

      By: C. Engel, J. Frankel, Kenneth A. Froot and T. Rodrigues
      Keywords: Risk Aversion; Risk; International Investing; CAPM; Capital Asset Pricing; International Finance; Risk and Uncertainty; Asset Pricing; Financial Markets; Foreign Direct Investment; Behavioral Finance; United States
      Citation
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      Engel, C., J. Frankel, Kenneth A. Froot, and T. Rodrigues. "Tests of Conditional Mean-Variance Efficiency of the U.S. Stock Market." Journal of Empirical Finance 2 (March 1995). (Revised from NBER Working Paper Nos. 2890, March 1989 and 4292, March 1993, "Conditional Mean-Variance Efficiency of the U.S. Stock Market," March 1993.)
      • 1983
      • Chapter

      On the Role of Social Security as a Means for Efficient Risk-Bearing in an Economy Where Human Capital is Not Tradeable

      By: Robert C. Merton
      Keywords: Risk Management; Human Capital; Compensation and Benefits
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      Merton, Robert C. "On the Role of Social Security as a Means for Efficient Risk-Bearing in an Economy Where Human Capital is Not Tradeable." In Financial Aspects of the U.S. Pension System, edited by Zvi Bodie and John B. Shoven. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1983. (Reprinted in The Foundations of Pension Finance, Volume I, Zvi Bodie and E. Philip Davis, eds., Edward Elger, 2000.)
      • 1979
      • Article

      Approximating the Efficiency Gain of Tax Reforms

      By: Jerry R. Green and Eytan Sheshinski
      Proper analysis of tax reform requires evaluation of the welfare effects induced by a change from one tax system to another. We present two methods for estimating these changes using only local information pertaining to an initial equilibrium with distortive taxes. It... View Details
      Keywords: Taxation; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Change; Analysis
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      Green, Jerry R., and Eytan Sheshinski. "Approximating the Efficiency Gain of Tax Reforms." Journal of Public Economics 11, no. 2 (1979): 179–195.
      • Article

      Optimal Capital-Gains Taxation under Limited Information

      By: Jerry R. Green and Eytan Sheshinski
      Taxation of capital gains at realization may distort individuals' decisions regarding holding or selling during an asset's lifetime. This creates the problem of designing a tax structure for capital gains so as to induce efficient patterns of holding and selling.... View Details
      Keywords: Capital Gains; Optimal Taxation; Taxation
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      Green, Jerry R., and Eytan Sheshinski. "Optimal Capital-Gains Taxation under Limited Information." Journal of Political Economy 86, no. 6 (December 1978): 1143–1158.
      • Research Summary

      Reflection

      By: Joseph L. Badaracco

      Corporations as Critical Social Institutions

      My current research examines the extent to which corporations are emerging as critical social institutions. Over the past century, and especially in recent decades, firms have taken on... View Details

      Keywords: Reflection
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