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  • December 2022 (Revised August 2023)
  • Case

Ribbit Capital and the Gauntlet Investment Opportunity

By: Shai Bernstein and Allison M. Ciechanover
Ten-year-old, Palo Alto-based Ribbit Capital is best-known for its global investments in fintech. The firm was also an early advocate of crypto and blockchain, having invested in more than two dozen startups in the space in the past decade. In the Spring of 2022,... View Details
Keywords: Alternative Assets; Cryptocurrency; Business Startups; Investment Portfolio; Decision Choices and Conditions; Negotiation Deal; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Venture Capital; Financial Services Industry; California
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  • 22 Jan 2001
  • Research & Ideas

Control Your Inventory in a World of Lean Retailing

capital and risk. But the trade-off is that the manufacturer frequently runs short on its medium and especially its high-variability items. That means lost sales and maybe a canceled contract with a prized customer. In the third test, the... View Details
Keywords: by Frederick H. Abernathy, John T. Dunlop, Janice H. Hammond & David Weil; Consumer Products
  • June 2015
  • Article

The Capital Purchase Program and Subsequent Bank SEOs

By: Mozaffar N. Khan and Dushyantkumar Vyas
We find that in the aftermath of the recent financial crisis banks replenished only 12% of crisis-related losses through SEOs in 2009 and 2010. However, SEOs are disproportionately conducted by Capital Purchase Program (CPP) recipients, and this is not explained by CPP... View Details
Keywords: Accounting; Capital; Equity; Financial Crisis; Banks and Banking; Banking Industry; United States
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  • 2014
  • Article

Executive Compensation and Human Capital Investments Through Industry Selection

By: Boris Groysberg and Eric Lin
We use proprietary data capturing compensation levels of executives placed by a global search firm to investigate how executives evaluate rewards and risks of human capital investment choices. Our findings suggest that more isolated industries with lower opportunity to... View Details
Keywords: Executive Compensation; Human Capital; Personal Development and Career
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  • September 2010 (Revised July 2012)
  • Case

Citigroup 2007: Financial Reporting and Regulatory Capital

By: Suraj Srinivasan, Edward J. Riedl and Sharon Katz
This case introduces 1) financial statements for banks, 2) basic regulatory capital calculations, and 3) actions Citigroup must consider under a scenario of continued losses/fair value declines in 2008 (leading to potential violation of regulatory capital). View Details
Keywords: Fair Value Accounting; Financial Reporting; Financial Statements; Financial Crisis; Capital; Financial Strategy; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Banking Industry; United States
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  • 2020
  • Working Paper

Capital Regulation and Product Market Outcomes

By: Ishita Sen and David Humphry
We present evidence of product market adjustments and asset reorganizations from the largest ever shift in risk regulation in a developed insurance market. Using proprietary data on insurance risk exposures from the Bank of England, we develop a measure of regulatory... View Details
Keywords: Non-traditional-non-insurance; Risk Regulation; Product Market Concentration; Small Vs. Large Insurers; Insurance Risk Exposure; Insurance; Risk and Uncertainty; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
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  • 01 Mar 2017
  • News

Ask the Expert: Capital Architect

state control to free enterprise in Asia, Africa, and Eastern Europe—more than 20 countries in all, including Zambia, Vietnam, and, most recently, Myanmar. “Reforming economic infrastructure and privatizing state corporations are rarely... View Details
  • 06 Nov 2000
  • Research & Ideas

The Determinants of Corporate Venture Capital Success

Corporate-sponsored venture funds first appeared in the 1960s, about two decades after the first flowering of the venture capital industry. Ever since, they have mirrored the cyclic nature of the industry as a whole. But there are... View Details
Keywords: by Paul Gompers & Josh Lerner
  • Article

Creating Value in the Age of Distributed Capitalism

By: Shoshana Zuboff
Capitalism is a book of many chapters—and we are beginning a new one. Every century or so, fundamental changes in the nature of consumption create new demand patterns that existing enterprises can't meet. When a majority of people want things that remain priced at a... View Details
Keywords: Value Creation; Economic Systems; Transformation
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  • 28 Feb 2007
  • Research & Ideas

Capital Rules: The Tensions of Global Finance

cross-border finance and in patterns we have seen before. In his new book Capital Rules: The Construction of Global Finance, Abdelal documents the waxing and waning of international capital View Details
Keywords: by Rawi Abdelal
  • 1999
  • Other Unpublished Work

Executive Ownership and Control in Newly Public Firms: The Role of Venture Capitalists

By: Malcolm Baker and Paul Gompers
We study the implications of CEO equity ownership for incentives and control in a sample of 1,011 newly public firms. Before an initial public offering, equity investments by venture capitalists reduce CEO ownership by about half, from an average of 35 percent to 19... View Details
Keywords: Equity; Ownership; Motivation and Incentives; Initial Public Offering; Investment; Venture Capital; Managerial Roles; Cost Management; Governance Controls; Executive Compensation
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  • 22 Oct 2012
  • Research & Ideas

Not Your Father’s State-Run Capitalism

state-owned enterprises (SOEs) such as those in the Soviet Union and China, which were tightly controlled by government, packed with party apparatchiks, and stifled honest competition by introducing all kinds of inefficiencies into the... View Details
Keywords: by Michael Blanding
  • 04 Oct 2018
  • Research & Ideas

Diversity Boosts Profits in Venture Capital Firms

controlled experiment.” Looking at the financial performance of those firms, they determined that having at least one woman in a VC fund improved performance by approximately 10 percent. That is, while the median venture View Details
Keywords: by Michael Blanding; Banking; Financial Services
  • 29 Jan 2019
  • Research & Ideas

'Green Bonds' May Be Our Best Bet for Environmental Damage Control

Municipalities have been selling bonds to pay for public works projects—fire stations, parking garages,sewage treatment systems—for 200 years. It’s only in the past decade or so, however, that they’ve been selling them with an extra perk: helping the environment. In... View Details
Keywords: by Michael Blanding; Energy; Utilities; Construction; Green Technology; Public Administration
  • 25 Jan 2021
  • Book

In a Nutshell, Why American Capitalism Succeeded

How did the United States become the world’s center of business growth following its founding in 1776? Surely a number of nations had powerful natural resources, stable financial and legal institutions, and dynamic entrepreneurs over that same span. Why was American... View Details
Keywords: by Sean Silverthorne; Manufacturing
  • 30 Apr 2020
  • Book

Fighting Climate Change Requires a New Capitalism

Rebecca Henderson spent her young adult years living two lives. At work, she preached the risks of resisting change to MBA students at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, drawing on lessons she learned while watching factories close as a management consultant.... View Details
Keywords: by Danielle Kost; Energy
  • Forthcoming
  • Article

Arbitrage Capital of Global Banks

By: Alyssa Anderson, Wenxin Du and Bernd Schlusche
We show that the role of unsecured, short-term wholesale funding for global banks has changed significantly in the post-financial-crisis regulatory environment. Global banks mainly use such funding to finance liquid, near risk-free arbitrage positions—in particular,... View Details
Keywords: Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Banks and Banking; Interest Rates; Financing and Loans
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  • Article

Why Doesn't Capitalism Flow to Poor Countries?

By: Rafael Di Tella and Robert MacCulloch
We show that capitalism is far from common around the world. Outside a small group of rich countries, heavy regulation of business, leftist rhetoric, and interventionist beliefs flourish. We relate these phenomena to the presence of corruption, with causality running... View Details
Keywords: Crime and Corruption; Voting; Economic Systems; Fairness; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Emotions
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  • April 2022
  • Article

Going Out or Opting Out? Capital, Political Vulnerability, and the State in China's Outward Investment

By: Meg Rithmire
How do state-business relations interact with outward investment in authoritarian regimes? This paper examines this question in the context of China’s rapid transformation into a major capital exporter. While most political economy scholarship focuses on firms’... View Details
Keywords: Outward Investment; Capital Controls; Corruption; Foreign Direct Investment; Political Economy; State-owned Enterprises; Investment; Global Range; Capital; Globalization; Policy; Government and Politics; China
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  • 28 May 2019
  • Research & Ideas

Investor Lawsuits Against Auditors Are Falling, and That's Bad News for Capital Markets

it will make investors more wary of engaging in the capital markets.” Two Supreme Court decisions, although not the only reasons, appear to have made a difference, according to the researchers. The rulings in Tellabs v. Makor (2007) and... View Details
Keywords: by Martha Lagace; Financial Services; Accounting