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      • December 2010
      • Background Note

      Risk and Reward in Venture Capital

      By: William A. Sahlman
      This note describes the payoff structure of investment in individual venture capital–backed companies and in venture capital portfolios. Venture Capital investments are characterized by high failure rate (0ver 50%) and a small number of given successes (greater than... View Details
      Keywords: Capital Markets; Venture Capital; Investment Return; Investment Portfolio; Analytics and Data Science; Failure; Performance; Information Technology
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      Sahlman, William A. "Risk and Reward in Venture Capital." Harvard Business School Background Note 811-036, December 2010.
      • Article

      Diasporas and Domestic Entrepreneurs: Evidence from the Indian Software Industry

      By: Ramana Nanda and Tarun Khanna
      This study explores the importance of cross-border social networks for entrepreneurs in developing countries by examining ties between the Indian expatriate community and local entrepreneurs in India's software industry. We find that local entrepreneurs who have... View Details
      Keywords: Diasporas; Entrepreneurship; Applications and Software; Information Technology Industry; India
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      Nanda, Ramana, and Tarun Khanna. "Diasporas and Domestic Entrepreneurs: Evidence from the Indian Software Industry." Journal of Economics & Management Strategy 19, no. 4 (Winter 2010): 991–1012.
      • 2010
      • Working Paper

      Sustainable Cities: Oxymoron or the Shape of the Future?

      By: Annissa Alusi, Robert G. Eccles, Amy C. Edmondson and Tiona Zuzul
      Two trends are likely to define the 21st century: threats to the sustainability of the natural environment and dramatic increases in urbanization. This paper reviews the goals, business models, and partnerships involved in eight early "ecocity" projects to begin to... View Details
      Keywords: Communication Technology; Investment; City; Infrastructure; Business and Government Relations; Environmental Sustainability; Urban Development; Information Technology; Green Technology Industry; Green Technology Industry
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      Alusi, Annissa, Robert G. Eccles, Amy C. Edmondson, and Tiona Zuzul. "Sustainable Cities: Oxymoron or the Shape of the Future?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-062, December 2010. (Revised January 2011, March 2011, April 2011.)
      • October 2010 (Revised July 2013)
      • Case

      AEP: Carbon Capture and Storage

      By: Richard H.K. Vietor
      By October 2010, American Electric Power, the largest coal-fired, electric utility in the United States, had been operating a carbon capture and sequestration pilot plant for one year. Using a proprietary, Alstom chilled ammonia technology, AEP was capturing and... View Details
      Keywords: Energy Generation; Government Legislation; Technological Innovation; Partners and Partnerships; Projects; Decision Choices and Conditions; Environmental Sustainability; Problems and Challenges; Utilities Industry; United States
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      Vietor, Richard H.K. "AEP: Carbon Capture and Storage." Harvard Business School Case 711-036, October 2010. (Revised July 2013.)
      • 2010
      • Working Paper

      Mixed Source

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Gaston Llanes
      We study competitive interaction between a profit-maximizing firm that sells software and complementary services and a free open source competitor. We examine the firm's choice of business model between the proprietary model (where all software modules are... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Duopoly and Oligopoly; Monopoly; Open Source Distribution; Quality; Competition; Information Technology Industry
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Gaston Llanes. "Mixed Source." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 10-022, September 2009. (Revised October 2010.)
      • October 2010
      • Article

      Culture Clash: The Costs and Benefits of Homogeneity

      By: Eric Van den Steen
      This paper develops an economic theory of the costs and benefits of corporate culture-in the sense of shared beliefs and values in order to study the effects of "culture clash" in mergers and acquisitions. I first use a simple analytical framework to show that shared... View Details
      Keywords: Cost vs Benefits; Organizational Culture; Economics; Information Management; Forecasting and Prediction; Values and Beliefs; Mergers and Acquisitions; Framework; Satisfaction; Motivation and Incentives; Power and Influence; Communication
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      Van den Steen, Eric. "Culture Clash: The Costs and Benefits of Homogeneity." Management Science 56, no. 10 (October 2010): 1718–1738.
      • September 2010 (Revised November 2010)
      • Case

      Ze-gen: Commercializing Clean Tech

      By: Lynda M. Applegate, Kaitlyn Lyons and Scott Prozeller
      The Ze-gen case covers the first five years in the life of a clean-tech start-up. Ze-gen had developed an innovative technology that converted solid waste into synthesis gas (called syngas). This technology was in testing at the company's pilot plant, built next to the... View Details
      Keywords: Business Startups; Renewable Energy; Entrepreneurship; Financing and Loans; Environmental Sustainability; Commercialization; Green Technology Industry; New Bedford
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      Applegate, Lynda M., Kaitlyn Lyons, and Scott Prozeller. "Ze-gen: Commercializing Clean Tech." Harvard Business School Case 811-014, September 2010. (Revised November 2010.)
      • September 2010
      • Article

      Do Inventory and Gross Margin Data Improve Sales Forecasts for U.S. Public Retailers?

      By: Saravanan Kesavan, Vishal Gaur and Ananth Raman
      Firm-level sales forecasts for retailers can be improved if we incorporate cost of goods sold, inventory, and gross margin (defined here as the ratio of sales to cost of goods sold) as three endogenous variables. We construct a simultaneous equations model, estimated... View Details
      Keywords: Sales; Forecasting and Prediction; Distribution; Goods and Commodities; Cost; Public Sector; Profit; Mathematical Methods; Analytics and Data Science; Retail Industry; United States
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      Kesavan, Saravanan, Vishal Gaur, and Ananth Raman. "Do Inventory and Gross Margin Data Improve Sales Forecasts for U.S. Public Retailers?" Management Science 56, no. 9 (September 2010): 1519–1533.
      • August 2010 (Revised February 2011)
      • Case

      Highland Capital Partners: Investing in Cleantech

      By: Joseph B. Lassiter III and David Kiron
      One day during the summer of 2008, Paul Maeder, co-founder and general partner of Highland Capital Partners (HCP), was walking with his wife around Reykjavik, Iceland, marveling at how clean the city felt and at the widespread use of naturally occurring geothermal... View Details
      Keywords: Renewable Energy; Entrepreneurship; Investment; Global Strategy; Environmental Sustainability; Green Technology Industry; Green Technology Industry
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      Lassiter, Joseph B., III, and David Kiron. "Highland Capital Partners: Investing in Cleantech." Harvard Business School Case 811-009, August 2010. (Revised February 2011.)
      • July 2010
      • Case

      Metabical: Positioning and Communications Strategy for a New Weight Loss Drug

      By: John A. Quelch and Heather Beckham
      Cambridge Sciences Pharmaceuticals (CSP) expects final approval for its revolutionary weight loss drug, Metabical. Metabical will be the only weight loss drug with FDA approval that is also clinically proven to be effective for moderately overweight people. Barbara... View Details
      Keywords: Product Positioning; Marketing Communications; Product Launch; Consumer Behavior; Pharmaceutical Industry; United States
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      Quelch, John A., and Heather Beckham. "Metabical: Positioning and Communications Strategy for a New Weight Loss Drug." Harvard Business School Brief Case 104-240, July 2010.
      • 2010
      • Chapter

      Crime Distribution and Victim Behavior during a Crime Wave

      By: Rafael Di Tella, Sebastian Galiani and Ernesto Schargrodsky
      The study of how crime affects different income groups faces the difficulty that crime-avoiding activities vary across these groups. Thus, a lower victimization rate in one group may not reflect a lower burden of crime, but rather a higher investment in crime... View Details
      Keywords: Safety; Wealth and Poverty; Selection and Staffing; Crime and Corruption; Income; Leading Change; Information Management; Argentina
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      Di Tella, Rafael, Sebastian Galiani, and Ernesto Schargrodsky. "Crime Distribution and Victim Behavior during a Crime Wave." Chap. 5 in The Economics of Crime: Lessons for and from Latin America, edited by Rafael Di Tella, Sebastian Edwards, and Ernesto Schargrodsky, 175–204. National Bureau of Economic Research Conference Report. University of Chicago Press, 2010.
      • July 2010
      • Article

      The Supply Side of Innovation: H-1B Visa Reforms and U.S. Ethnic Invention

      By: William R. Kerr and William F. Lincoln
      This study evaluates the impact of high-skilled immigrants on U.S. technology formation. We use reduced-form specifications that exploit large changes in the H-1B visa program. Higher H-1B admissions increase immigrant science and engineering (SE) employment and... View Details
      Keywords: Engineering; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Policy; Immigration; Innovation and Invention; Patents; Business and Government Relations; Science; United States
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      Kerr, William R., and William F. Lincoln. "The Supply Side of Innovation: H-1B Visa Reforms and U.S. Ethnic Invention." Journal of Labor Economics 28, no. 3 (July 2010): 473–508. (Winner of H. Gregg Lewis Prize for Best Paper in Journal of Labor Economics 2010-2011.)
      • June 2010 (Revised February 2011)
      • Case

      The Fox Islands Wind Project (A)

      By: Joseph B. Lassiter III, James Thomas Corcoran, Max Gazor, Dylan Hogarty and Alexander H. Somers, Jr.
      The market for electricity on the Fox Islands of North Haven and Vinalhaven, Maine is unique and costly for residents. Historically, electricity prices on the islands had been three times the national average because of the high cost of importing electricity via an... View Details
      Keywords: Business Startups; Renewable Energy; Social Entrepreneurship; Cost; Financing and Loans; Projects; Business and Community Relations; Environmental Sustainability; Green Technology Industry; Maine
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      Lassiter, Joseph B., III, James Thomas Corcoran, Max Gazor, Dylan Hogarty, and Alexander H. Somers, Jr. "The Fox Islands Wind Project (A)." Harvard Business School Case 810-129, June 2010. (Revised February 2011.)
      • 2010
      • Chapter

      A Resource Belief-Curse: Oil and Individualism

      By: Rafael Di Tella, Juan Dubra and Robert MacCulloch
      We study the correlation between a belief concerning individualism and a measure of luck in the US during the period 1983-2004. The measure of beliefs is the answer to a question related to whether the poor should be helped by the government or if they should help... View Details
      Keywords: History; Natural Environment; Non-Renewable Energy; Values and Beliefs; Price; Poverty; Policy; Economy; United States
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      Di Tella, Rafael, Juan Dubra, and Robert MacCulloch. "A Resource Belief-Curse: Oil and Individualism." In The Natural Resources Trap: Private Investment without Public Commitment, edited by William Hogan and Federico Sturzenegger. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2010.
      • Article

      Peer-to-Peer File Sharing and the Market for Digital Information Goods

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Andres Hervas-Drane
      We study competitive interaction between two alternative models of digital content distribution over the Internet: peer-to-peer (p2p) file sharing and centralized client-server distribution. We present microfoundations for a stylized model of p2p file sharing where all... View Details
      Keywords: Competition; Distribution; Internet and the Web; Information Infrastructure; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Strategy; Profit; Price; Performance Efficiency
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Andres Hervas-Drane. "Peer-to-Peer File Sharing and the Market for Digital Information Goods." Journal of Economics & Management Strategy 19, no. 2 (Summer 2010): 333–373.
      • 2010
      • Book

      The New Science of Retailing: How Analytics Are Transforming the Supply Chain and Improving Performance

      By: Marshall Fisher and Ananth Raman
      Retailers today are drowning in data but lacking in insight: They have huge volumes of information at their disposal. But they're unsure of how to sort through it and use it to make smart decisions. The result? They're struggling with profit-sapping supply chain... View Details
      Keywords: Profit; Knowledge Use and Leverage; Logistics; Supply Chain Management; Mathematical Methods; Retail Industry
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      Fisher, Marshall, and Ananth Raman. The New Science of Retailing: How Analytics Are Transforming the Supply Chain and Improving Performance. Harvard Business Press, 2010.
      • June 2010
      • Article

      What Causes Industry Agglomeration? Evidence from Coagglomeration Patterns

      By: Glenn Ellison, Edward Glaeser and William R. Kerr
      Why do firms cluster near one another? We test Marshall's theories of industrial agglomeration by examining which industries locate near one another, or coagglomerate. We construct pairwise coagglomeration indices for US manufacturing industries from the Economic... View Details
      Keywords: Production; Economics; Industry Clusters; Analytics and Data Science; Labor; Theory; Goods and Commodities; United States; United Kingdom
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      Ellison, Glenn, Edward Glaeser, and William R. Kerr. "What Causes Industry Agglomeration? Evidence from Coagglomeration Patterns." American Economic Review 100, no. 3 (June 2010): 1195–1213.
      • May 2010 (Revised May 2010)
      • Case

      Data.gov

      By: Karim R. Lakhani, Robert D. Austin and Yumi Yi
      This case presents the logic and execution underlying the launch of Data.gov, an instantiation of President Obama's initiative for transparency and open government. The process used by Vivek Kundra, the federal CIO, and his team to rapidly develop the website and to... View Details
      Keywords: Safety; Rights; Analytics and Data Science; Internet and the Web; Ethics; Cost vs Benefits; Innovation and Management; Information Management; Public Administration Industry; Information Industry; United States
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      Lakhani, Karim R., Robert D. Austin, and Yumi Yi. "Data.gov." Harvard Business School Case 610-075, May 2010. (Revised May 2010.)
      • 2010
      • Working Paper

      The Job Market for New Economists: A Market Design Perspective

      By: Peter A. Coles, John Cawley, Phillip B. Levine, Muriel Niederle, Alvin E. Roth and John J. Siegfried
      This paper provides an overview of the market for new Ph.D. economists. It describes the role of the American Economic Association (AEA) in the market and focuses in particular on two mechanisms adopted in recent years at the suggestion of our committee. First, job... View Details
      Keywords: Cost Management; Information; Surveys; Jobs and Positions; Job Interviews; Job Search; Emerging Markets; Digital Platforms; Service Operations; Internet and the Web
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      Coles, Peter A., John Cawley, Phillip B. Levine, Muriel Niederle, Alvin E. Roth, and John J. Siegfried. "The Job Market for New Economists: A Market Design Perspective." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 10-096, May 2010.
      • 2010
      • Chapter

      The Agglomeration of U.S. Ethnic Inventors

      By: William R. Kerr
      The ethnic composition of US inventors is undergoing a significant transformation - with deep impacts for the overall agglomeration of US innovation. This study applies an ethnic-name database to individual US patent records to explore these trends with greater detail.... View Details
      Keywords: Information Technology; Geographic Location; Patents; Ethnicity; City; Innovation and Invention; United States
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      Kerr, William R. "The Agglomeration of U.S. Ethnic Inventors." In Agglomeration Economics, edited by Edward Glaeser, 237–276. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2010.
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