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  • All HBS Web  (1,408)
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  • All HBS Web  (1,408)
    • People  (1)
    • News  (134)
    • Research  (1,158)
    • Events  (4)
    • Multimedia  (3)
  • Faculty Publications  (928)
← Page 37 of 1,408 Results →
  • January–February 2021
  • Article

Food and Drug Administration Guidance Documents and New Medical Devices: The Case of Breast Prostheses

By: Rachel E. Weitzman, Ariel Dora Stern and Daniel B. Kramer
As pressure mounts on the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to speed its review process for novel devices, and budgetary pressures further strain its resources, the critical role of guidance documents in assuring consistent, rigorous, and scientifically grounded... View Details
Keywords: Medical Devices; FDA; Health Care and Treatment; Government Administration; Information; Standards
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Weitzman, Rachel E., Ariel Dora Stern, and Daniel B. Kramer. "Food and Drug Administration Guidance Documents and New Medical Devices: The Case of Breast Prostheses." American Journal of Therapeutics 28, no. 1 (January–February 2021).
  • June 2018
  • Case

Verona Group

By: Robert L. Simons and Sarah Abbott
Are a salesperson's struggles her own fault or the result of a problematic job design? Anna George works as a salesperson at Verona Group, a company that designs and wholesales high-end women's apparel. She had spent nearly 20 years in sales with another fashion label... View Details
Keywords: Jobs and Positions; Design; Analysis; Performance; Measurement and Metrics; Salesforce Management; Organizational Design
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Simons, Robert L., and Sarah Abbott. "Verona Group." Harvard Business School Brief Case 918-531, June 2018.
  • Article

International Data on Measuring Management Practices

By: Nicholas Bloom, Renata Lemos, Raffaella Sadun, Daniela Scur and John Van Reenen
We examine methods used to survey firms on their management and organizational practices. We contrast the strengths and weaknesses of "open-ended questions" (e.g., World Management Survey) with "closed questions" (e.g., Management and Organizational Practices Surveys).... View Details
Keywords: Surveys; Strength and Weakness; Management Practices and Processes
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Bloom, Nicholas, Renata Lemos, Raffaella Sadun, Daniela Scur, and John Van Reenen. "International Data on Measuring Management Practices." American Economic Review: Papers and Proceedings 106, no. 5 (May 2016): 152–156.
  • June 1998
  • Article

International Accounting Standard: New Employee Benefits Standard

By: David F. Hawkins
Keywords: Global Range; Accounting; Standards; Compensation and Benefits
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Hawkins, David F. "International Accounting Standard: New Employee Benefits Standard." Accounting Bulletin, no. 66 (June 1998).
  • January 1997 (Revised February 1998)
  • Case

Elsie Y. Cross Associates, Inc. and CoreStates Financial Corp.

By: Rosabeth M. Kanter and Thomas Dretler
A consulting firm specializing in diversity and organizational change assists an 18,000-employee bank with a massive culture change effort. View Details
Keywords: Change; Size; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Organizational Culture; Diversification; Consulting Industry; Financial Services Industry
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Kanter, Rosabeth M., and Thomas Dretler. "Elsie Y. Cross Associates, Inc. and CoreStates Financial Corp." Harvard Business School Case 897-065, January 1997. (Revised February 1998.)
  • November 1995
  • Background Note

Reengineering a Business Process

By: Richard L. Nolan and Thomas H. Davenport
Describes the six steps included in most reengineering initiatives: selecting the processes for reengineering; identifying change enablers; developing a business vision of process objectives; understanding and measuring existing processes; designing and prototyping the... View Details
Keywords: Goals and Objectives; Management Practices and Processes; Change Management; Measurement and Metrics
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Nolan, Richard L., and Thomas H. Davenport. "Reengineering a Business Process." Harvard Business School Background Note 396-054, November 1995.
  • Summer 2021
  • Article

The Cost and Evolution of Quality at Cipla Ltd, 1935–2016

By: Muhammad H. Zaman and Tarun Khanna
This article examines the evolution of Indian pharmaceutical manufacturer Cipla towards producing drugs that met the quality standards of European and U.S. regulators. It employs new research in Cipla’s corporate archives, the Creating Emerging Markets database, and... View Details
Keywords: Cipla; Pharmaceuticals; Drug Quality; Generics; Quality; Standards; Information Technology; Cost; Organizational Culture; Business History; Pharmaceutical Industry; India
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Zaman, Muhammad H., and Tarun Khanna. "The Cost and Evolution of Quality at Cipla Ltd, 1935–2016." Business History Review 95, no. 2 (Summer 2021): 249–274.
  • September 2022
  • Article

The Power and Limits of Expertise: Swiss–Swedish Linking of Vehicle Emission Standards in the 1970s and 1980s

By: Mattias Näsman and Sabine Pitteloud
Recent decades have witnessed increased public concern about vehicle emissions and growing frustration with political inaction and business preferences for the status quo. This article provides historical perspective on such regulatory dynamics by analyzing the Swiss... View Details
Keywords: Business And The Environment; Business And Society; Emission Reduction; Automobiles; Standard Setting; Norm-enforcement; Regulation; Expertise; Experts; Business and Government Relations; Environmental Regulation; Standards; Auto Industry; Switzerland; Sweden
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Näsman, Mattias, and Sabine Pitteloud. "The Power and Limits of Expertise: Swiss–Swedish Linking of Vehicle Emission Standards in the 1970s and 1980s." Business and Politics 24, no. 3 (September 2022): 241–260.
  • September 2014 (Revised January 2017)
  • Teaching Note

Access Health CT: Marketing Affordable Care (A) & (B)

By: John A. Quelch
Keywords: Affordable Care Act (ACA); Marketing Communications; Market Segmentation; Marketing Management; Startup Management; Analysis; Innovation and Invention; Marketing; Measurement and Metrics; Outcome or Result; Performance; Strategy; Health Industry; Insurance Industry; North and Central America
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Quelch, John A. "Access Health CT: Marketing Affordable Care (A) & (B)." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 515-014, September 2014. (Revised January 2017.)
  • Article

Deregulation, Misallocation, and Size: Evidence from India

By: Laura Alfaro and Anusha Chari
This paper examines the impact of the deregulation of compulsory industrial licensing in India on firm size dynamics and reallocation of resources within industries. Following deregulation, resource misallocation declines, and the left-hand tail of the firm size... View Details
Keywords: Business Ventures; Size; Emerging Markets; Supply and Industry; Manufacturing Industry; India
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Alfaro, Laura, and Anusha Chari. "Deregulation, Misallocation, and Size: Evidence from India." Journal of Law & Economics 57, no. 4 (November 2014): 897–936. (Revised February 2014.)
  • 1994
  • Article

Three-dimensional Finite Element Modeling of a Cervical Vertebra: An Investigation of Burst Fracture Mechanism

By: Kevin J. Bozic, J H Keyak, H B Skinner, H U Bueff and David Bradford
Finite element modeling was used to study the mechanical behavior of a cervical vertebra under axial compressive loading. A three-dimensional (3-D) finite element (FE) model of a mid-cervical vertebra using inhomogeneous material properties was generated from... View Details
Keywords: Performance Expectations; Strength and Weakness; Health; Mathematical Methods; Health Industry
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Bozic, Kevin J., J H Keyak, H B Skinner, H U Bueff, and David Bradford. "Three-dimensional Finite Element Modeling of a Cervical Vertebra: An Investigation of Burst Fracture Mechanism." Journal of Spinal Disorders & Techniques 7, no. 2 (1994): 102–110.
  • January 2011 (Revised August 2011)
  • Supplement

Kanebo Ltd. (C)

By: David F. Hawkins, Suraj Srinivasan and Akiko Kanno
The exposure of the Kanebo Ltd. fraud raises questions of Japan's preparedness to adopt International Financial Reporting Standards. View Details
Keywords: International Accounting; Standards; Financial Reporting; Crime and Corruption; Japan
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Hawkins, David F., Suraj Srinivasan, and Akiko Kanno. "Kanebo Ltd. (C)." Harvard Business School Supplement 111-068, January 2011. (Revised August 2011.)
  • February 2003 (Revised July 2003)
  • Case

Ember Corporation: Developing the Next Ubiquitous Network Standard

By: Rebecca Henderson and Nancy Confrey
Ember is a venture capital-funded start-up that hopes to establish a standard for ubiquitous wireless networks. Its unique approach and proprietary technology promises to create enormous value in a wide variety of markets, particularly in local sensing and control.... View Details
Keywords: Business Startups; Wireless Technology; Value; Competitive Strategy; Standards; Technology Industry; Telecommunications Industry
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Henderson, Rebecca, and Nancy Confrey. "Ember Corporation: Developing the Next Ubiquitous Network Standard." Harvard Business School Case 703-448, February 2003. (Revised July 2003.)
  • 2003
  • Article

Developing a Management Systems Approach to Sustainability at BMW Group

By: Michael W. Toffel, Natalie Hill and Kellie McElhaney
This article describes how Designworks/USA, a subsidiary of BMW Group, developed a Sustainability Management System (SMS) by integrating the management of environmental, social, and traditional business issues. After several months of deploying the SMS throughout its... View Details
Keywords: Environmental Sustainability; Management Systems; Standards; Operations; Auto Industry
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Toffel, Michael W., Natalie Hill, and Kellie McElhaney. "Developing a Management Systems Approach to Sustainability at BMW Group." Corporate Environmental Strategy 10, no. 2 (2003).
  • Web

How to Communicate your Organizations’ People-Centered Values - Recruiting

offered the following guidance to help organizations understand the metrics that serve as a baseline for diversity and inclusion initiatives and improve institutional processes, programs, and policies. Numbers and Narratives First, it is... View Details
  • January 2023
  • Case

Year Up: Measuring and Scaling Impact

By: Natalia Rigol, Benjamin N. Roth, Brian Trelstad and Sarah Mehta
Year Up, a non-profit that provides training and practical work experience to low-income young people, has for years prioritized impact measurement. By 2022, it had built a robust body of evidence demonstrating that its program yields higher earnings for participants.... View Details
Keywords: Demographics; Education; Jobs and Positions; Measurement and Metrics; Performance; Research; Social Enterprise; Growth Management; Education Industry; United States; Massachusetts; Boston
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Rigol, Natalia, Benjamin N. Roth, Brian Trelstad, and Sarah Mehta. "Year Up: Measuring and Scaling Impact." Harvard Business School Case 823-004, January 2023.
  • July 2008 (Revised August 2008)
  • Case

In-Vitro Fertilization: Outcomes Measurement

By: Michael E. Porter, Saquib Rahim and Benjamin Chung-Shi Tsai
As of 2007, there were very few examples of widespread measurement and reporting of health outcomes, a critical quality measure. In-vitro fertilization clinics have been required to report their patient's health outcomes since 1995. The protagonist of the case, Dr.... View Details
Keywords: Health Care and Treatment; Medical Specialties; Measurement and Metrics; Operations; Outcome or Result; Health Industry; Cleveland
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Porter, Michael E., Saquib Rahim, and Benjamin Chung-Shi Tsai. "In-Vitro Fertilization: Outcomes Measurement." Harvard Business School Case 709-403, July 2008. (Revised August 2008.)
  • 09 Jun 2006
  • Keynote Speech

The Case for Global Business Standards: Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility in a Global Economy." Keynote speaker. "POLITEIA Annual Forum

By: Lynn Paine
Keywords: Standards; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Global Range
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Paine, Lynn. The Case for Global Business Standards: Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility in a Global Economy." Keynote speaker. "POLITEIA Annual Forum. Politeia Annual Forum, Politeia, Milan, Italy, June 09, 2006.
  • 01 Sep 2012
  • News

HBS Is Committed to Increasing Alumni Engagement

launched in July. The final report will be published this fall. Overall, alumni are very interested in strengthening their ties to HBS. The research findings will undoubtedly help to develop strategies and metrics for increasing and... View Details
Keywords: Lisa Skeete Tatum; engagement; Educational Support Services; Educational Services
  • January 2025
  • Technical Note

AI vs Human: Analyzing Acceptable Error Rates Using the Confusion Matrix

By: Tsedal Neeley and Tim Englehart
This technical note introduces the confusion matrix as a foundational tool in artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs) for assessing the performance of classification models, focusing on their reliability for decision-making. A confusion matrix... View Details
Keywords: Reliability; Confusion Matrix; AI and Machine Learning; Decision Making; Measurement and Metrics; Performance
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Neeley, Tsedal, and Tim Englehart. "AI vs Human: Analyzing Acceptable Error Rates Using the Confusion Matrix." Harvard Business School Technical Note 425-049, January 2025.
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