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Publications

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    • All HBS Web  (4,941)
      • Faculty Publications  (899)

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      • 2007
      • Working Paper

      Dynamics of Platform Competition: Exploring the Role of Installed Base, Platform Quality and Consumer Expectations

      By: Feng Zhu and Marco Iansiti
      This paper seeks to answer three questions. First, which drives the success of a platform, installed base, platform quality or consumer expectations? Second, when does a monopoly emerge in a platform-based market? Finally, when is a platform-based market socially... View Details
      Keywords: Price; Network Effects; Digital Platforms; Monopoly; Quality; Competitive Advantage; Digital Platforms
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      Zhu, Feng, and Marco Iansiti. "Dynamics of Platform Competition: Exploring the Role of Installed Base, Platform Quality and Consumer Expectations." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-031, November 2007.
      • November 2007
      • Article

      Innovation and Incentives: Evidence from Corporate R&D

      By: Josh Lerner and Julie Wulf
      Beginning in the late 1980s, American corporations began increasingly linking the compensation of central research personnel to the economic objectives of the corporation. This paper examines the impact of the shifting compensation of the heads of corporate research... View Details
      Keywords: Innovation and Invention; Motivation and Incentives; Goals and Objectives; Research and Development; Patents; Employee Stock Ownership Plan
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      Lerner, Josh, and Julie Wulf. "Innovation and Incentives: Evidence from Corporate R&D." Review of Economics and Statistics 89, no. 4 (November 2007): 634–644.
      • 2007
      • Working Paper

      New Framework for Measuring and Managing Macrofinancial Risk and Financial Stability

      By: Dale F. Gray, Robert C. Merton and Zvi Bodie
      This paper proposes a new approach to improve the way central banks can analyze and manage the financial risks of a national economy. It is based on the modern theory and practice of contingent claims analysis (CCA), which is successfully used today at the level of... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Crisis; Macroeconomics; Central Banking; Risk Management
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      Gray, Dale F., Robert C. Merton, and Zvi Bodie. "New Framework for Measuring and Managing Macrofinancial Risk and Financial Stability." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 13607, November 2007.
      • Fourth Quarter 2007
      • Article

      Contingent Claims Approach to Measuring and Managing Sovereign Credit Risk

      By: Dale . F. Gray, Robert C. Merton and Zvi Bodie
      This paper proposes a new approach to measure, analyze, and manage sovereign risk based on the theory and practice of modern contingent claims analysis (CCA). The paper provides a new framework for adapting the CCA model to the sovereign balance sheet in a way that can... View Details
      Keywords: Credit; Investment; Sovereign Finance; Risk Management; Emerging Markets; Market Transactions; Mathematical Methods; Valuation
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      Gray, Dale . F., Robert C. Merton, and Zvi Bodie. "Contingent Claims Approach to Measuring and Managing Sovereign Credit Risk." Special Issue on Credit Analysis. Journal of Investment Management 5, no. 4 (Fourth Quarter 2007): 5–28.
      • 2007
      • Working Paper

      Digital Interactivity: Unanticipated Consequences for Markets, Marketing, and Consumers

      By: John A. Deighton and Leora Kornfeld
      The digital interactive transformation in marketing is not unfolding, as many thought it would, on the model of direct marketing. That model anticipated that digital media using rich profiling data would intrude marketing messaging more deeply and more precisely into... View Details
      Keywords: Communication Intention and Meaning; Interactive Communication; Marketing Communications; Consumer Behavior; Social and Collaborative Networks; Internet and the Web
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      Deighton, John A., and Leora Kornfeld. "Digital Interactivity: Unanticipated Consequences for Markets, Marketing, and Consumers." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-017, September 2007.
      • 2007
      • Working Paper

      Modularity, Transactions, and the Boundaries of Firms: A Synthesis

      By: Carliss Y. Baldwin
      This paper constructs a unified theory of the location of transactions and the boundaries of firms. It proposes that systems of production can be viewed as networks of tasks. Transactions, defined as mutually agreed-upon transfers with compensation, are located... View Details
      Keywords: Geographic Location; Market Entry and Exit; Market Transactions; Industry Structures; Production; Boundaries; Theory
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      Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Modularity, Transactions, and the Boundaries of Firms: A Synthesis." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-013, September 2007.
      • 2007
      • Working Paper

      The Impact of Shareholder Activism on Financial Reporting and Compensation: The Case of Employee Stock Options Expensing

      By: Fabrizio Ferri and Tatiana Sandino
      In this paper we examine the economic consequences of over 150 shareholder proposals to expense employee stock options (ESO) submitted during the proxy seasons of 2003 and 2004–the first case where the SEC has allowed an accounting matter to be subject to an advisory... View Details
      Keywords: Executive Compensation; Financial Reporting; Employee Stock Ownership Plan; Corporate Governance; Investment Activism; Business and Shareholder Relations
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      Ferri, Fabrizio, and Tatiana Sandino. "The Impact of Shareholder Activism on Financial Reporting and Compensation: The Case of Employee Stock Options Expensing." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-022, September 2007.
      • August 2007
      • Article

      Remedying Education: Evidence from Two Randomized Experiments in India

      By: A. Banerjee, Shawn A. Cole, E. Duflo and L. Linden
      This paper presents the results of two randomized experiments conducted in schools in urban India. A remedial education program hired young women to teach students lagging behind in basic literacy and numeracy skills. It increased average test scores of all children in... View Details
      Keywords: Literacy; Teaching; Performance Improvement; Competency and Skills; India
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      Banerjee, A., Shawn A. Cole, E. Duflo, and L. Linden. "Remedying Education: Evidence from Two Randomized Experiments in India." Quarterly Journal of Economics 122, no. 3 (August 2007): 1235–1264.
      • 2007
      • Working Paper

      The Ethical Mirage: A Temporal Explanation as to Why We Aren't as Ethical as We Think We Are

      By: Ann E. Tenbrunsel, Kristina A. Diekmann, Kimberly A. Wade-Benzoni and Max H. Bazerman
      This paper explores the biased perceptions that people hold of their own ethicality. We argue that the temporal trichotomy of prediction, action and evaluation is central to these misperceptions: People predict that they will behave more ethically than they actually... View Details
      Keywords: Forecasting and Prediction; Ethics; Behavior; Cognition and Thinking; Perception; Prejudice and Bias
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      Tenbrunsel, Ann E., Kristina A. Diekmann, Kimberly A. Wade-Benzoni, and Max H. Bazerman. "The Ethical Mirage: A Temporal Explanation as to Why We Aren't as Ethical as We Think We Are." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-012, August 2007. (revised January 2009, previously titled "Why We Aren't as Ethical as We Think We Are: A Temporal Explanation.")
      • 2007
      • Working Paper

      Interpersonal Authority in a Theory of the Firm

      By: Eric J. Van den Steen
      This paper develops a theory of the firm in which a firm's centralized asset ownership and low-powered incentives give a manager 'interpersonal authority' over employees (in a world with differing priors). The paper derives such interpersonal authority as... View Details
      Keywords: Governance Controls; Employee Relationship Management; Managerial Roles; Motivation and Incentives; Boundaries; Theory
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      Van den Steen, Eric J. "Interpersonal Authority in a Theory of the Firm." Sloan School of Management Working Paper, No. 4667-07, July 2007. (Available at SSRN.)
      • 2007
      • Working Paper

      Taxes and Portfolio Choice: Evidence from JGTRRA's Treatment of International Dividends

      By: Mihir A. Desai and Dhammika Dharmapala
      This paper investigates how taxes influence portfolio choices by exploring the response to the distinctive treatment of foreign dividends in the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act (JGTRRA). JGTRRA lowered the dividend tax rate to 15% for American equities... View Details
      Keywords: Equity; Financial Markets; International Finance; Investment Portfolio; Government Legislation; Taxation; United States
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      Desai, Mihir A., and Dhammika Dharmapala. "Taxes and Portfolio Choice: Evidence from JGTRRA's Treatment of International Dividends." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 13281, July 2007.
      • 2007
      • Working Paper

      The New Market for Federal Judicial Law Clerks

      By: Christopher Avery, Christine Jolls, Richard Posner and Alvin E. Roth
      In the past, judges have often hired applicants for judicial clerkships as early as the beginning of the second year of law school for positions commencing approximately two years down the road. In the new hiring regime for federal judicial law clerks, by contrast,... View Details
      Keywords: Law; Education; Employment; Selection and Staffing; Marketplace Matching
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      Avery, Christopher, Christine Jolls, Richard Posner, and Alvin E. Roth. "The New Market for Federal Judicial Law Clerks." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 13213, July 2007.
      • June 2007
      • Article

      What Is the Impact of Software Patent Shifts? Evidence from Lotus v. Borland

      By: Josh Lerner and Feng Zhu
      Economists have debated the extent to which strengthening patent protection spurs or detracts from technological innovation. This paper examines the reduction of software copyright protection in the Lotus v. Borland decision. If patent and copyright protections are... View Details
      Keywords: Applications and Software; Patents; Information Technology; Information Technology Industry
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      Lerner, Josh, and Feng Zhu. "What Is the Impact of Software Patent Shifts? Evidence from Lotus v. Borland." International Journal of Industrial Organization 25, no. 3 (June 2007): 511–529. (Earlier version distributed as National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper No. 11168.)
      • 2007
      • Working Paper

      Bandwidth Allocation in Peer-to-Peer Filesharing Networks

      By: Albert Creus-Mir, Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Andres Hervas-Drane
      We present a model of bandwidth allocation in a stylized peer-to-peer file sharing network with s peers (sharers) who share files and download from each other and f peers (freeriders) who download from sharers but do not contribute files. Assuming that upload bandwidth... View Details
      Keywords: Information Infrastructure; Resource Allocation
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      Creus-Mir, Albert, Ramon Casadesus-Masanell, and Andres Hervas-Drane. "Bandwidth Allocation in Peer-to-Peer Filesharing Networks." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 07-068, April 2007.
      • 2007
      • Working Paper

      Retail Market Structure and Dynamics: A Three Country Comparison of Japan, the U.K. and the U.S.

      By: Jonathan Haskel, Ron S. Jarmin, Kazuyuki Motohashi and Raffaella Sadun
      This paper compares structure and dynamics of the Retail Trade Sectors in Japan, the U.K. and the U.S. This is done using confidential establishment and firm level data for each country. By using micro data we are able to perform much more detailed comparisons than... View Details
      Keywords: Industry Structures; Market Entry and Exit; Jobs and Positions; Size; Performance Productivity; Japan; United Kingdom; United States
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      Haskel, Jonathan, Ron S. Jarmin, Kazuyuki Motohashi, and Raffaella Sadun. "Retail Market Structure and Dynamics: A Three Country Comparison of Japan, the U.K. and the U.S." LSE/Ceriba Mimeo, January 2007. (Slides.)
      • December 2006
      • Article

      Europe vs America: Institutional Hysteresis in a Simple Normative Model

      By: Rafael Di Tella and Robert MacCulloch
      We show how the differences in US and European institutions can arise in a normative model. The paper focuses on the labor market and the government's decision to set unemployment benefits in response to an unemployment shock. The government balances insurance... View Details
      Keywords: Optimal Unemployment Benefits; Labor Market Institutions; Hysteresis; Europe; United States
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      Di Tella, Rafael, and Robert MacCulloch. "Europe vs America: Institutional Hysteresis in a Simple Normative Model." Journal of Public Economics 90, no. 12 (December 2006): 2161–86.
      • 2006
      • Working Paper

      The Value of a 'Free' Customer

      By: Sunil Gupta, Carl F. Mela and Jose M. Vidal-Sanz

      Central to a firm's growth and marketing policy is the revenus and profit potential of its customer assets. As a result, there has been a recent proliferation of work regarding customer lifetime value. However, extant research in this area is silent regarding how to... View Details

      Keywords: Customer Value and Value Chain; Auctions; Network Effects; Business Strategy
      Citation
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      Gupta, Sunil, Carl F. Mela, and Jose M. Vidal-Sanz. "The Value of a 'Free' Customer." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 07-035, December 2006.
      • October 2006 (Revised November 2006)
      • Case

      Integrated Packaging Corporation: Struggling to Do the Right Thing (A)

      By: Herman B. Leonard and Orson Watson
      As a child, Al Fuller had seen his working-class, African-American neighborhood disintegrate as factory jobs moved away. He resolved to help inner-city communities do better when he grew up. Some years later, as an accomplished university graduate with several years... View Details
      Keywords: Business and Community Relations; Corporate Entrepreneurship; Social Issues; Factories, Labs, and Plants; Strategy; Management Style; Pulp and Paper Industry; Pulp and Paper Industry
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      Leonard, Herman B., and Orson Watson. "Integrated Packaging Corporation: Struggling to Do the Right Thing (A)." Harvard Business School Case 307-064, October 2006. (Revised November 2006.)
      • 2006
      • Working Paper

      Skill vs. Luck in Entrepreneurship and Venture Capital: Evidence from Serial Entrepreneurs

      By: Paul A. Gompers, Anna Kovner, Josh Lerner and David S. Scharfstein
      This paper argues that a large component of success in entrepreneurship and venture capital can be attributed to skill. We show that entrepreneurs with a track record of success are more likely to succeed than first time entrepreneurs and those who have previously... View Details
      Keywords: Return On Investment; Entrepreneurship; Venture Capital; Success; Experience and Expertise
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      Gompers, Paul A., Anna Kovner, Josh Lerner, and David S. Scharfstein. "Skill vs. Luck in Entrepreneurship and Venture Capital: Evidence from Serial Entrepreneurs." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 12592, October 2006.
      • September 2006
      • Article

      Dynamic Scoring: A Back-of-the-Envelope Guide

      By: Matthew C. Weinzierl and N. Gregory Mankiw
      This paper uses the neoclassical growth model to examine the extent to which a tax cut pays for itself through higher economic growth. The model yields simple expressions for the steady-state feedback effect of a tax cut. The feedback is surprisingly large: for... View Details
      Keywords: Revenue Estimation; Taxation; Economic Growth
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      Weinzierl, Matthew C., and N. Gregory Mankiw. "Dynamic Scoring: A Back-of-the-Envelope Guide." Journal of Public Economics 90, no. 8 (September 2006): 1415–1433.
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