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  • May 2025
  • Background Note

Social Enterprise in Latin America

By: Brian L. Trelstad and Karina Souza
This research note provides an overview of the social enterprise ecosystem in Latin America, exploring current dynamics across key markets, including country-specific insights on Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Colombia, Chile, and Central America. In a region characterized... View Details
Keywords: Latin America; Brazil; Mexico; Argentina; Colombia; Chile; Impact Investing; Developing Countries and Economies; Social Entrepreneurship; Emerging Markets; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Mission and Purpose; Ownership; Social Enterprise; Business Strategy; Equality and Inequality; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Banking Industry; Financial Services Industry; Information Technology Industry; Latin America; Brazil; Mexico; Argentina; Colombia; Chile; Guatemala; Central America
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  • Web

A New Vision – The Human Relations Movement – Baker Library | Bloomberg Center, Historical Collections

patterns of organizations as systems and human beings with sentiments and connections? As Fritz Roethlisberger later revealed in his autobiography, his aim, as well as that of Elton Mayo and others working in the organizations group at... View Details
  • Web

Finance - Faculty & Research

Economics in 1997, to John Lintner who co-created the Capital Asset Pricing Model and made significant contributions to dividend policy , and Gordon Donaldson whose work helped shape the field of corporate finance . We strive to... View Details
  • September 2001 (Revised October 2018)
  • Case

DIENA

By: Robert Simons and Indra Reinbergs
Requires students to draw a new organization structure diagram for a rapidly evolving business. A/S DIENA is a newspaper publisher founded during Latvia's 1990/91 struggle for independence from the USSR with a clear social mission to support democracy. With the help of... View Details
Keywords: Employee Ownership; Organizational Design; Marketing Strategy; Managerial Roles; Growth and Development; Economic Systems; Publishing Industry; Journalism and News Industry; Latvia
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  • 2020
  • Working Paper

An Executive Order Worth $100 Billion: The Impact of an Immigration Ban's Announcement on Fortune 500 Firms' Valuation

By: Dany Bahar, Prithwiraj Choudhury and Britta Glennon
On June 22, 2020, President Trump issued an Executive Order (EO) that suspended new work visas, barring nearly 200,000 foreign workers and their dependents from entering the United States and preventing American companies from hiring skilled immigrants using H-1B or L1... View Details
Keywords: Visa; Foreign Workers; Fortune 500; Immigration; Policy; System Shocks; Business Ventures; Valuation
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  • 22 Aug 2005
  • Research & Ideas

Restoring a Global Economy, 1950–1980

were often the instruments used by governments to screen or monitor FDI flows. The world-wide controls over capital movements were related to balance of payments concerns and the system of fixed exchange rates established at Bretton... View Details
Keywords: by Geoffrey Jones
  • Web

Business History - Faculty & Research

Contested Meanings of Freedom: Workingmen's Wages, the Company Store System and the Godcharles v. Wigeman Decision By: Laura Phillips Sawyer In 1886, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court struck down a law that prohibited employers from paying... View Details
  • April 2014 (Revised February 2015)
  • Case

Saudi Arabia: Finding Stability after the Arab Spring

By: Richard H.K. Vietor and Hilary White
In 2015, King Salman of Saudi Arabia was juggling several balls as the kingdom's new monarch. At home, there were pressures for liberalization, from women and youth, and pressures for more conservative religious observance and policy from the Muslim "ulema." His... View Details
Keywords: Economy; Policy; Balance and Stability; Change; Saudi Arabia
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  • 2019
  • Working Paper

Self-Interest: The Economist's Straitjacket

By: Robert Simons
This paper examines contemporary economic theories that focus on the design and management of business organizations. In the first part of the paper, a taxonomy is presented that describes the different types of economists interested in this subject—market economists,... View Details
Keywords: Self-interest; Economist; Moral Philosophers; Regulation; Capture; Organization Design; Economy Theory; Organization Theory; Management Theory; Commitment; Controls; Governance; Customers; Conflict of Interests; Business or Company Management; Competition; Organizational Design; Business Education; Agency Theory; Economics; Theory; Boundaries
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  • 23 Sep 2008
  • Working Paper Summaries

New Framework for Measuring and Managing Macrofinancial Risk and Financial Stability

Keywords: by Dale F. Gray, Robert C. Merton & Zvi Bodie
  • Web

Frameworks - Institute For Strategy And Competitiveness

HBS ISC Resources Resources Video Courses Data Events & Presentations Frameworks News Publications Frameworks Frameworks Michael Porter has developed a series of frameworks to support the expanse of his research areas. Value-Based Health Care Delivery Restructuring of... View Details
  • 24 Jul 2000
  • Research & Ideas

Value Maximization and Stakeholder Theory

consuming their economic rents in this manner. Enlightened Stakeholder Theory Enlightened stakeholder theory is easy to explain. It can take advantage of most that stakeholder theorists offer in the way of processes and audits to measure... View Details
Keywords: by Michael C. Jensen
  • Web

Negotiation, Organizations & Markets - Faculty & Research

shaped both theory and practice. About the Unit The NOM Unit seeks to understand and improve the design and management of systems in which people make decisions: that is, design and management of negotiations, organizations, and markets.... View Details
  • Web

HBS - The year in Review

Initiatives and other faculty at HBS. Topics include race, diversity, and inequality; climate change and sustainability; and economic inclusion. The inaugural cohort of BiGS Visiting Fellows joined the School in fall 2022. More on the... View Details
  • October 2024
  • Teaching Note

Taiwan After Globalization: Twilight of the Developmental State?

By: Debora L. Spar and Julia M. Comeau
Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 324-032. In the last 70 years, the small island of Taiwan has achieved what many believe to be a “miracle”: its economy has grown at a record-setting pace, driven and guided by one of the world's most successful set of industrial... View Details
Keywords: Economic Growth; Economic Slowdown and Stagnation; Trade; Policy; Government and Politics; Globalized Economies and Regions; Semiconductor Industry; Technology Industry; Taiwan; China; Asia; United States
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  • Web

U.S. Competitiveness

economic growth, the trajectory of the nation’s competitiveness remains disappointing. More Research Sep 2017 Report Why Competition in the Politics Industry is Failing America By: Katherine M. Gehl and Michael E. Porter The lens of... View Details
  • March 2021 (Revised December 2023)
  • Case

Capitalism and the Party-State: The People's Republic of China at 70

By: Meg Rithmire and Courtney Han
In 2019, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) turned seventy-years-old and became the longest active authoritarian regime in recent history. By then, China was the world’s second largest economy by GDP (after the United States), and a high-technology industrial... View Details
Keywords: Party-state; Economic Systems; Business and Government Relations; Economy; Society; International Relations; China
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  • Fall 2012
  • Article

Foreign Entry and the Mexican Banking System, 1997-2007

By: Stephen Haber and Aldo Musacchio
What is the impact of foreign bank entry on the pricing and availability of credit in developing economies? The Mexican banking system provides a quasi-experiment to address this question because in 1997 the Mexican government radically changed the laws governing the... View Details
Keywords: Banks and Banking; Ownership; Foreign Direct Investment; Laws and Statutes; Developing Countries and Economies; Banking Industry; Mexico
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  • February 1996 (Revised November 2003)
  • Case

Indianapolis: Activity-Based Costing of City Services (A)

By: Robert S. Kaplan
A new administration in the City of Indianapolis is initially determined to privatize many municipal services. Before taking this action, however, the city managers want to know the current cost of performing these services with the municipal workers. Existing... View Details
Keywords: Cost Management; Public Sector; Activity Based Costing and Management; Service Delivery; Privatization; City; Indianapolis
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  • 2013
  • Comment

Fairness and Redistribution: Comment

By: Rafael Di Tella and Juan Dubra
In an influential paper, Alesina and Angeletos (2005)—henceforth, AA—argued that a preference for fairness could lead two identical societies to choose different economic systems. In particular, two equilibria might arise: one with low taxes and a belief that the... View Details
Keywords: Taxes; Beliefs; Economic Systems; Values and Beliefs; Fairness; Taxation
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