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  • May–June 2024
  • Article

Should Your Brand Hire a Virtual Influencer?

By: Serim Hwang, Shunyuan Zhang, Xiao Liu and Kannan Srinivasan
Followers respond more favorably to sponsored posts by virtual influencers versus those by humans, costs are lower, and creating an influencer from scratch allows marketers to introduce more diversity. View Details
Keywords: Social Media; AI and Machine Learning; Brands and Branding; Power and Influence
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  • April 2024
  • Case

Managing AI Risks in Consumer Banking

By: Suraj Srinivasan, Satish Tadikonda, Paul Dongha, Manoj Saxena and Radhika Kak
In early 2024, Ruth Jones, head of digital banking at Signa Bank, a (fictitious) European consumer bank, was thinking about how to best incorporate GenAI capabilities to improve efficiencies and create new ways to improve the customer experience. Where were the biggest... View Details
Keywords: Customer Relationship Management; AI and Machine Learning; Risk Management; Opportunities; Customization and Personalization; Banking Industry; Europe
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  • 01 Dec 2020
  • News

AI Enhances Diagnostic Care

changing the field of medicine. In the past several decades, the growing use of artificial intelligence in the health care sector has made it possible for computer systems and diagnostic machines to learn... View Details
Keywords: Jennifer Gillespie
  • Web

Eva Tuecke | MBA

Currently, I am particularly excited by challenges in AI interpretability, healthtech, and applications of machine learning to quantum computing. LinkedIn: Eva Tuecke View Details
  • September 2024 (Revised January 2025)
  • Exercise

Building an AI First Snack Company: A Hands-on Generative AI Exercise

By: Iavor I. Bojinov
Although the term 'Generative AI' (GenAI) is widely recognized, its practical application in daily workflows has yet to be understood. This exercise introduces students to GenAI tools, demonstrating how they can be seamlessly integrated into professional work practices... View Details
Keywords: AI and Machine Learning; Technology Adoption; Marketing Strategy; Product Launch; Brands and Branding
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  • March 2023
  • Teaching Note

VideaHealth: Building the AI Factory

By: Karim R. Lakhani
Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 621-021. The case “VideaHealth: Building the AI Factory” examines the creation of dental startup VideaHealth (Videa) and the development of its artificial intelligence (AI)-led business strategy through the eyes of founder and CEO Florian... View Details
Keywords: AI and Machine Learning; Applications and Software; Business Model; Marketing Strategy; Product Development; Health Industry; Technology Industry
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  • 2025
  • Working Paper

Global Evidence on Gender Gaps and Generative AI

By: Nicholas G. Otis, Solène Delecourt, Katelynn Cranney and Rembrand Koning
Generative AI has the potential to transform productivity and reduce inequality, but only if adopted broadly. In this paper, we show that recently identified gender gaps in generative AI use are nearly universal. Synthesizing data from 18 studies covering more than... View Details
Keywords: AI and Machine Learning; Gender; Equality and Inequality; Technology Adoption; Behavior
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  • March–April 2025
  • Article

Strategy in an Era of Abundant Expertise: How to Thrive When AI Makes Knowledge and Know-How Cheaper and Easier to Access

By: Bobby Yerramilli-Rao, John Corwin, Yang Li and Karim R. Lakhani
The AI era is in its early stages, and the technology is evolving extremely quickly. Providers are rapidly introducing AI "copilots," "bots," and "assistants" into applications to augment employees' workflows. Examples include GitHub Copilot for coding, ServiceNow... View Details
Keywords: AI; AI and Machine Learning; Performance Productivity; Experience and Expertise; Technology Adoption
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  • 23 Oct 2019
  • News

Preparing Leaders to Leverage Artificial Intelligence

learning techniques to draw conclusions that weren’t possible with traditional methods, and creating new machine learning approaches and algorithms. They have published more... View Details
Keywords: Intellectual Ambition; Pathbreaking Research; Artificial Intelligence
  • June 2025
  • Article

Unregulated Emotional Risks of AI Wellness Apps

By: Julian De Freitas and Glenn Cohen
We propose that AI-driven wellness apps powered by large language models can foster extreme emotional attachments and dependencies akin to human relationships—posing risks like ambiguous loss and dysfunctional dependence—that challenge current regulatory frameworks and... View Details
Keywords: AI and Machine Learning; Well-being; Emotions; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
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  • Forthcoming
  • Article

Human-Algorithm Collaboration with Private Information: Naïve Advice Weighting Behavior and Mitigation

By: Maya Balakrishnan, Kris Ferreira and Jordan Tong
Even if algorithms make better predictions than humans on average, humans may sometimes have private information which an algorithm does not have access to that can improve performance. How can we help humans effectively use and adjust recommendations made by... View Details
Keywords: AI and Machine Learning; Analytics and Data Science; Forecasting and Prediction; Digital Marketing
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  • July–August 2024
  • Article

Doing More with Less: Overcoming Ineffective Long-Term Targeting Using Short-Term Signals

By: Ta-Wei Huang and Eva Ascarza
Firms are increasingly interested in developing targeted interventions for customers with the best response, which requires identifying differences in customer sensitivity, typically through the conditional average treatment effect (CATE) estimation. In theory, to... View Details
Keywords: Long-run Targeting; Heterogeneous Treatment Effect; Statistical Surrogacy; Customer Churn; Field Experiments; Consumer Behavior; Customer Focus and Relationships; AI and Machine Learning; Marketing Strategy
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  • June 2017
  • Teaching Note

IBM Transforming, 2012–2016: Ginni Rometty Steers Watson

By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Jonathan Cohen
Ginni Rometty, who became IBM CEO in 2012, led efforts to transform the company around cognitive computing and the AI platform Watson. This Teaching Note helps instructors understand and teach the Harvard Business School case “IBM Transforming, 2012–2016: Ginni Rometty... View Details
Keywords: Digital; Technological Change; Artificial Intelligence; Data; IBM; Watson; Internet Of Things; Innovation and Invention; Management; Sales; Information Technology; Technological Innovation; Transformation; AI and Machine Learning
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  • June 2025
  • Case

Accounting for OpenAI at Microsoft

By: Jonas Heese, Joseph Pacelli, Nicole Zelazko and Michael Norris
In early 2025, Microsoft was evaluating the impact of its $14 billion investment in OpenAI. As OpenAI’s computing needs expanded, Microsoft positioned Azure as the exclusive provider for training and inference of their large language models. Despite the scale of the... View Details
Keywords: Accounting; Financial Reporting; Revenue Recognition; Corporate Finance; Capital; Investment; Revenue; AI and Machine Learning; Valuation; Governance; Technology Industry; Financial Services Industry; Web Services Industry; Information Technology Industry; United States
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  • June 12, 2023
  • Article

How AI Will Accelerate the Circular Economy

By: Shirley Lu and George Serafeim
Despite living on a planet with finite resources, our economy remains largely linear and full of single-use products. The shift toward a circular economy, where companies recover or recycle resources, has hit roadblocks, including low value of used products and high... View Details
Keywords: Recycling; Materials Management; Innovation and Management; Technological Innovation; Climate Change; Environmental Sustainability; AI and Machine Learning; Operations; Industrial Products Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Technology Industry
Related
  • October 2023
  • Teaching Note

Timnit Gebru: 'SILENCED No More' on AI Bias and The Harms of Large Language Models

By: Tsedal Neeley and Tim Englehart
Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 422-085. Dr. Timnit Gebru—a leading artificial intelligence (AI) computer scientist and co-lead of Google’s Ethical AI team—was messaging with one of her colleagues when she saw the words: “Did you resign?? Megan sent an email saying that... View Details
Keywords: Ethics; Employment; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Technological Innovation; AI and Machine Learning; Diversity; Prejudice and Bias; Technology Industry
Related
  • 16 Nov 2020
  • Blog Post

Flatiron School: Reflections from Summer 2020

Birchbox, Young Invincibles, Color Camp, Women 2.0 and Casper. WHAT WERE YOUR GOALS FOR THE SUMMER? Rocio Wu (MBA 2020): Learning python and machine learning had always been on... View Details
Keywords: All Industries
  • Web

Cameron Stone | MBA

opportunity to add more business and leadership understanding to my technical background, work alongside innovative, like-minded peers, and learn how to identify and tackle issues critical to society!” Tech areas of interest: View Details
  • Student-Profile

Ta-Wei "David" Huang

management and using causal inference / machine learning tools to solve marketing problems.” It was this motivation that led him to pursue a Ph.D. Initially, David’s familiarity with HBS was limited to the... View Details
  • 25 Feb 2020
  • News

How Artificial Intelligence is Changing Business

strategy. In addition, nearly 50 faculty members have conducted research and published articles in three broad categories: examining the effects of AI on particular firms, applying existing machine learning... View Details
Keywords: Susan Young