Publications

November 1997
Case

Microsoft Goes Online: MSN 1996

By: David B. Yoffie

Explores Microsoft's decision to enter the online services industry in the light of its competition and the growing importance of the Internet. Significant issues include the cost and availability of content, telecomm/Internet access costs, competition with the World... View Details

Keywords: Cost Management; Growth and Development; Market Entry and Exit; Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Web; Information Technology Industry

Find at Harvard

July 2009
Teaching Note

TH!NK: The Norwegian Electric Car Company (TN)

By: Joseph B. Lassiter III

Teaching Note for [808070]. View Details

Keywords: Venture Capital; Market Entry and Exit; Brands and Branding; Environmental Sustainability; Product Launch; Auto Industry; Norway

March 2007
Teaching Note

Latvia: Economic Strategy after EU Accession (TN)

By: Michael E. Porter and Christian H.M. Ketels

Teaching note to 707515. View Details

Keywords: Multinational Firms and Management; Emerging Markets; Market Entry and Exit; Perspective; Opportunities; Retail Industry; Latvia; Russia; China; Germany; India

September 1995 (Revised March 1998)
Case

Argentina's YPF Sociedad Anonima (B)

By: Michael Y. Yoshino and Carin-Isabel Knoop

YPF, a recently privatized and restructured Argentine-based oil company now turns its attention to international expansion and faces an opportunity to acquire Maxus, a troubled U.S. oil company. The case discusses whether the company should go ahead with the proposed... View Details

Keywords: Acquisition; Non-Renewable Energy; Globalization; Emerging Markets; Market Entry and Exit; Privatization; Natural Environment; Expansion; United States; Argentina

03 Jan 2007
First Look

First Look: January 3, 2007

available for download Banking Deregulation, Financial Constraints, and Entrepreneurship Authors:William R. Kerr and Ramana Nanda Abstract We study how U.S. branch banking deregulations affected the entry of new firms in the non-financial... View Details

Keywords: Sean Silverthorne

19 Dec 2006
First Look

First Look: December 19, 2006

entry of a pure-play e-tailer by strategically refraining from entering online. In the markets where price consistency is not a constraint, we find that the incumbent can deter the e-tailer's View Details

Keywords: Sean Silverthorne

August 2024 (Revised November 2024)
Case

Commonwealth Fusion Systems: Born at Scale

By: Joshua Lev Krieger, Jim Matheson, Kyle Myers, Gunnar Trumbull and Richard Vietor

This case study chronicles the journey of Commonwealth Fusion Systems (CFS) on its ambitious mission to commercialize fusion energy and become the world’s leading provider of fusion power plants. Emerging from a “special arrangement” with MIT's Plasma Science and... View Details

Keywords: Nuclear Energy; Innovation; Entrepreneurship; Entrepreneurial Finance; Energy Generation; Commercialization; Science-Based Business; Technological Innovation; Market Entry and Exit; Energy Industry

November 2013
Case

Martin Blair

By: Howard H. Stevenson and Michael J. Roberts

Martin Blair is a first-time entrepreneur who draws on his experience in the food service industry to develop two different restaurant concepts almost simultaneously. In relating his experiences, he reveals several important concerns of the thoughtful entrepreneur,... View Details

Keywords: Market Entry and Exit; Franchise Ownership; Growth and Development Strategy; Retail Industry; Food and Beverage Industry

March 27, 2025
Article

How One Company Used AI to Broaden Its Customer Base

By: Sunil Gupta and Frank V. Cespedes

The software company SAP successfully leveraged AI tools to begin selling to the small and medium enterprises (SMEs) market, which had previously been uneconomical for its in-person sales approach. By mapping the customer journey and deploying over 40 AI tools, SAP... View Details

Keywords: AI and Machine Learning; Sales; Business Strategy; Market Entry and Exit

Read Now

September 2006 (Revised July 2007)
Case

SAP: Industry Transformation

By: Andrei Hagiu, Pai-Ling Yin, Daniela Beyersdorfer and Vincent Marie Dessain

SAP seeks growth in the small- and medium-sized enterprise market. To do so, it has created a platform strategy with SAP Netweaver. What are the advantages and challenges for an incumbent entering a new market? What are the benefits and challenges of implementing a... View Details

Keywords: Growth and Development Strategy; Market Entry and Exit; Strategy; Digital Platforms

October 1998 (Revised August 2001)
Teaching Note

Intel Corporation: 1968-1997 TN

By: Gary P. Pisano

Teaching Note for (9-797-137). View Details

Keywords: Strategy; Market Entry and Exit; Competitive Advantage; Forecasting and Prediction; Semiconductor Industry

08 Sep 2015
First Look

September 8, 2015

financial markets to get through the initial period of discovery or diffusion. Publisher's link: https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=49551 September 2015 Harvard Business Review The Organizational Apology: A Step-by-Step Guide... View Details

Keywords: Carmen Nobel

2016
Working Paper

The Reference Wars: Encyclopedia Britannica's Decline and Encarta's Emergence

By: Shane Greenstein

The experience of Encyclopædia Britannica provides the canonical example of the decline of an established firm at the outset of the digital age. Competition from Microsoft's Encarta in 1993 led to sharp declines in the sales of books, which led to the distressed sale... View Details

Keywords: Market Entry and Exit; Service Operations; Emerging Markets; Applications and Software; Books; Information Technology Industry; Information Industry

Read Now

April 1993 (Revised June 1993)
Case

Bayerische Motoren Werke AG (BMW)

By: Robert J. Dolan

In 1992, BMW attempts to revive its position in the United States market. In 1991, unit sales had fallen to 53,000 from 88,000 in 1987. The new CEO of North America considers a multifaceted plan to turn around the situation. View Details

Keywords: Product Positioning; Marketing Strategy; Multinational Firms and Management; Market Entry and Exit; Sales; Manufacturing Industry; Auto Industry; Germany; North America

Article

How Local Context Shapes Digital Business Abroad

By: William R. Kerr

This article identifies how digital businesses need to be adapted to the local environment in which they are being applied. Core ideas include the development of strong barriers to entry, the types of network effects encountered, and the localization of business... View Details

Keywords: Business Model; Information Technology; Geographic Location; Market Entry and Exit; Adaptation; Entrepreneurship; Network Effects

Register to Read

10 Oct 2018
Research & Ideas

The Legacy of Boaty McBoatface: Beware of Customers Who Vote

McBoatface. Overruling the public’s wishes, NERC named the craft after British naturalist Sir David Attenborough. The public was outraged; newspaper editorials decried the lack of democracy, and citizens protested the unfairness of it all on social media. So much for... View Details

Keywords: by Michael Blanding; Advertising

February 2008
Teaching Note

Chiaphua Group Vietnam (TN)

By: Nicolas P. Retsinas and Ben Creo

Teaching Note for [207090]. View Details

Keywords: Expansion; Diversification; Investment; Emerging Markets; Globalization; Market Entry and Exit; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Private Ownership; Real Estate Industry; Viet Nam; Hong Kong; Singapore; Malaysia; Indonesia

February 1984
Case

Chicago-Midway (B): Midway (Southwest) Airlines

By: Richard H.K. Vietor

Keywords: Business and Government Relations; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Competition; Market Entry and Exit; Air Transportation Industry

Find at Harvard

September 2001 (Revised October 2002)
Case

Virgin Group, The: Filling in the Value Gap

By: Frances X. Frei, Hanna Rodriguez-Farrar and Corey B. Hajim

Chronicles the successes and failures of the Virgin Group. By examining these examples, students discover attributes of Virgin's overall service concept, which, at its core, competes on quality rather than on price. Students are challenged to consider how Virgin might... View Details

Keywords: Quality; Competition; Price; Business Conglomerates; Service Operations; Service Delivery; Market Entry and Exit