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  • January 2008
  • Article

The Five Competitive Forces That Shape Strategy

By: Michael E. Porter
This article includes a one-page preview that quickly summarizes the key ideas and provides an overview of how the concepts work in practice along with suggestions for further reading. In 1979, a young associate professor at Harvard Business School published his first... View Details
Keywords: Profit; Five Forces Framework; Industry Growth; Industry Structures; Business and Government Relations; Competitive Strategy
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    Andy Zelleke

    Andy Zelleke is the MBA Class of 1962 Senior Lecturer of Business Administration. A member of the General Management unit, he is the Faculty Chair of HBS’ Middle East & North Africa Research Center.

    Since Spring 2021, Dr. Zelleke has taught “Unpacking... View Details

    Keywords: federal government; federal government; federal government; federal government
    • October 1986 (Revised November 1988)
    • Case

    B-W Footwear

    By: David B. Yoffie
    As import penetration into the American footwear market reached 81% in 1986, B-W Footwear, along with all of its American competitors, was struggling. Supply lines were deteriorating, retailers and importers were gaining power, and the government had rejected two... View Details
    Keywords: Competitive Strategy; Management; Globalization; Government and Politics; Business Strategy; Trade; Apparel and Accessories Industry; United States
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    • December 2006 (Revised January 2007)
    • Case

    Chief Timothy Adeola Odutola and Nigeria's Manufacturing Sector

    By: Nitin Nohria, Anthony Mayo, Foluke Otudeko and Mark Benson
    Chief Timothy Adeola Odutola was an important contributor to Nigeria's manufacturing sector, creating a multimillion-dollar conglomerate including three factories, a retail franchise, a cattle ranch, a 5,000-acre plantation, a sawmill, and an exporting business before... View Details
    Keywords: History; Business Conglomerates; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Corporate Entrepreneurship; Success; Leadership Style; Business History; Market Entry and Exit; Personal Development and Career; Business Startups; Manufacturing Industry; Nigeria
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    • 2020
    • Book

    Capitalism at Risk: How Business Can Lead

    By: Joseph L. Bower, Dutch Leonard and Lynn S. Paine
    Who should take the lead in fixing market capitalism? Business—not government alone. The spread of capitalism worldwide has made people wealthier than ever before. But capitalism's future is far from assured. Pandemics, income inequality, resource depletion, mass... View Details
    Keywords: Capitalism; Business And Society; Economic Systems; Economic Growth; Policy; Leading Change; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Business and Community Relations; Corporate Strategy
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    • 22 Jun 2007
    • Working Paper Summaries

    Proprietary vs. Open Two-Sided Platforms and Social Efficiency

    Keywords: by Andrei Hagiu; Video Game; Web Services
    • 24 Apr 2023
    • HBS Case

    What Does It Take to Build as Much Buzz as Booze? Inside the Epic Challenge of Cannabis-Infused Drinks

    Legalization turned cannabis into a multibillion-dollar industry seemingly overnight, but this hot new market has had more—and more unusual—growing pains than most. Many experts predict significant market... View Details
    Keywords: by Jay Fitzgerald; Consumer Products; Food & Beverage
    • Research Summary

    Wearing a Red Hat ¨C The Impact of Activist Industrial Policy on Software Development in China

    The idea that the government should steer economic development by strategically hand-picking and managing certain industries is controversial but appeals to many developing countries that are eager to upgrade their industries. In this paper, I study China's recent... View Details

    • Research Summary

    Overview

    By: Mattias E. Fibiger
    Professor Fibiger conducts research on twentieth-century international history, focusing primarily on political economy and international relations in Southeast Asia.

    Professor Fibiger's first book is entitled Suharto's Cold War: Indonesia, Southeast... View Details
    Keywords: Authoritarianism; Political Economy; Foreign Aid; Foreign Direct Investment; Foreign Policy; Southeast Asia; United States; Finance; International Economy; International Capital Markets; History; International Relations; National Security; Government and Politics; Development Economics; Southeast Asia; United States; Indonesia; Philippines; Malaysia; Singapore
    • September 2014 (Revised June 2017)
    • Case

    Google Inc. in 2014

    By: Benjamin Edelman and Thomas R. Eisenmann
    Describes Google's history, business model, governance structure, corporate culture, and processes for managing innovation. Reviews Google's recent strategic initiatives and the threats they pose to selected competitors. Asks what Google should do next. View Details
    Keywords: Search Engines; Google; Online Advertising; Internet and the Web; Network Effects; Business Model; Competition; Digital Marketing; Information Technology Industry; Advertising Industry
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    • 2021
    • Working Paper

    The Business of K-12 Education in China

    By: Geoffrey Jones and Yuhai Wu
    This working paper examines the evolution of K-12 education in China, especially between 1985 and the present day, drawing extensive interviews with participants in the educational sector. China has been hugely successful in reaching almost 100 percent literacy,... View Details
    Keywords: K-12 Education; China; Real Estate; Early Childhood Education; Performance Evaluation; Teaching; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Personal Development and Career; Social Issues; Nonprofit Organizations; Private Sector; Education Industry; Real Estate Industry; China
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    • Research Summary

    Institutional influences on the firm: cross-country comparisons

    A third stream of work examines the influence of country institutions on firms in a cross-country comparative context.  In a paper co-authored with Jordan Siegel (published in Management Science in 2009), we employed a quasi-natural experiment:  a... View Details
    • 21 Jul 2022
    • Research & Ideas

    Did Pandemic Stimulus Funds Spur the Rise of 'Meme Stocks'?

    The US government set out to support consumers and jolt the economy when it issued federal stimulus checks during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. But actually, that money helped propel questionable investments in “meme stocks,”... View Details
    Keywords: by Rachel Layne; Financial Services
    • 07 Dec 2009
    • Research & Ideas

    Government’s Positive Role in Kick-Starting Entrepreneurship

    the explosive growth of virtually every other major venture market around the globe. Yet for every successful public intervention spurring entrepreneurial activity there are many failed efforts, wasting untold billions in taxpayer... View Details
    Keywords: by Sean Silverthorne; Technology
    • October 2005 (Revised February 2007)
    • Case

    Red Flag Software Co.

    By: Felix Oberholzer-Gee, Tarun Khanna, David Lane and Elizabeth Raabe
    In 2005, just five years after its formal launch, Beijing-based Red Flag Software was the world's second-largest distributor of the Linux operating system and was expecting its first annual profit. On a unit basis, Red Flag led the world in desktops (PCs) shipped with... View Details
    Keywords: Digital Platforms; Competitive Advantage; Applications and Software; Business Startups; Globalized Markets and Industries; Information Technology Industry; Distribution Industry; Beijing; United States
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    • May 2008
    • Article

    Regulation and Bonding: The Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the Flow of International Listings

    By: Suraj Srinivasan and Joseph Piotroski
    In this paper, we examine the economic impact of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) by analyzing foreign listing behavior onto U.S. and U.K. stock exchanges before and after the enactment of the Act in 2002. Using a sample of all listing events onto U.S. and U.K. exchanges... View Details
    Keywords: Decision Choices and Conditions; Stocks; Government Legislation; Market Transactions; Motivation and Incentives; United Kingdom; United States
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    • 24 Feb 2011
    • Research & Ideas

    What’s Government’s Role in Regulating Home Purchase Financing?

    Federal Housing Administration. To a first approximation, that's the right approach, but there are times like the crisis period we just experienced when markets benefit from government support. At the other... View Details
    Keywords: by Sean Silverthorne; Financial Services
    • January – February 2011
    • Article

    Creating Shared Value

    By: Michael E. Porter and Mark R. Kramer
    The capitalist system is under siege. In recent years business has been criticized as a major cause of social, environmental, and economic problems. Companies are widely thought to be prospering at the expense of their communities. Trust in business has fallen to new... View Details
    Keywords: Customer Value and Value Chain; Economic Growth; Economic Systems; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Environmental Sustainability; Trust; Human Needs; Welfare; Competitive Advantage; Value Creation
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    • October 2012
    • Case

    Brazil 2003: Inflation Targeting and Debt Dynamics (Abridged)

    By: Laura Alfaro and Rafael Di Tella
    In October 2002, Brazilians elected a left-wing president, Luis Inacio Lula da Silva, for the first time in that country's history. As markets faltered in response, Lula sought to reaffirm his commitment to fiscal discipline, a floating exchange rate, and inflation... View Details
    Keywords: Brazil; Inflation; Emerging Markets; Inflation and Deflation; Brazil
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    • September 2023
    • Teaching Note

    Esquel Group

    By: William C. Kirby and Noah B. Truwit
    Teaching Note for HBS Case Nos. 307-076 and 322-058. These cases focus on the experience of China's largest shirt manufacturer, Esquel Group, and how it manages various aspects of government relations in China and abroad. The A case identifies a wide variety of social... View Details
    Keywords: International Relations; Trade; Globalized Markets and Industries; Fashion Industry; China
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