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  • August 2017 (Revised February 2024)
  • Teaching Note

Exotic Interest Rate Swaps: Snowballs in Portugal

By: Boris Vallee, Patrick Augustin and Philippe Rich
This case explores a complex swap transaction implemented by Metro do Porto in 2007. It represents an opportunity to study fixed income derivative instruments, such as plain-vanilla swaps and structured swaps, as well as understand the opportunities and challenges of... View Details
Keywords: Swaps; Public Finance; Structured Finance; Credit Derivatives and Swaps; Public Sector; Transportation Industry; Rail Industry; Portugal
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  • September 1999 (Revised May 2005)
  • Case

Taiwan: "Only the Paranoid Survive"

By: Bruce R. Scott and James R. Matthews
Taiwan has enjoyed remarkable growth since 1950. This case presents differing views of the role and contribution of the state in this process. Then it explores recent industrial policy in semiconductors. View Details
Keywords: Development Economics; Business and Government Relations; Semiconductor Industry; Taiwan
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  • Research Summary

Reinventing State Capitalism: Leviathan in Business, Brazil and Beyond

Part of the fear and misunderstanding of state capitalism in the post-Berlin Wall era stems from the fact that most observers see state-owned enterprises (SOEs) as inefficient soviet companies. In Reinventing State Capitalism: Leviathan in Business, Brazil and... View Details

Keywords: State Capitalism; State-owned Enterprises; Development Banks; State Ownership; Development Economics; Management; Energy Industry; Banking Industry; Brazil; China; Europe; Latin America; Asia
  • 20 Nov 2015
  • Working Paper Summaries

Impact Evaluation Methods in Public Economics: A Brief Introduction to Randomized Evaluations and Comparison with Other Methods

Keywords: by Dina Pomeranz; Public Administration
  • November 1996 (Revised March 2001)
  • Background Note

National Income Accounting

Introduces the concept of national income accounting. This note: 1) defines GDP and provides examples; 2) discusses the differences between GDP and GNP; 3) presents both the expenditure and income decompositions of GDP; and 4) defines the relationships among net... View Details
Keywords: Accounting; Macroeconomics
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  • 05 Sep 2014
  • Blog Post

CPD on the Road in Manila

creation of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) at the end of 2015. This attempt at regional economic integration should increase business... View Details
Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Technology; Consumer Products / Retail
  • May 2002
  • Background Note

Exporting IT-Enabled Services from Developing Countries

Explores the phenomenon of IT-enabled services (ITES) exports from developing countries. Reviews the business and technical drivers of this phenomenon, describes major segments of the industry, discusses key challenges facing these firms, and profiles seven ITES firms. View Details
Keywords: Information Technology; Developing Countries and Economies; Technology Industry
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  • January 2017
  • Article

Impact Evaluation Methods in Public Economics: A Brief Introduction to Randomized Evaluations and Comparison with Other Methods

By: Dina Pomeranz
Recent years have seen a large expansion in the use of rigorous impact evaluation techniques. Increasingly, public administrations are collaborating with academic economists and other quantitative social scientists to apply such rigorous methods to the study of public... View Details
Keywords: Practice; Public Sector; Research; Policy; Performance Evaluation
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  • July 2018
  • Article

Marketplaces, Markets, and Market Design

By: Alvin E. Roth
Marketplaces are often small parts of large markets, and both markets and marketplaces come in many varieties. Market design seeks to understand what marketplaces must accomplish to enable different kinds of markets. Marketplaces can have varying degrees of success,... View Details
Keywords: Labor Market; Pricing; Market Design; Markets; Economics
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  • January 2021
  • Article

Turbulence, Firm Decentralization and Growth in Bad Times

By: Philippe Aghion, Nicholas Bloom, Brian Lucking, Raffaella Sadun and John Van Reenen
What is the optimal form of firm organization during “bad times”? We present a model of delegation within the firm to show that the effect is ambiguous. The greater turbulence following macro shocks may benefit decentralized firms because the value of local information... View Details
Keywords: Decentralization; Growth; Turbulence; Great Recession; Organizational Design; System Shocks; Economic Growth; Performance
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  • January 2010 (Revised March 2010)
  • Background Note

A Note on Direct Selling in Developing Economies

By: Michael Chu and Joel Emilio Bregman Segre
Informal and formal direct selling play a particularly important role in developing countries characterized by markets with limited retail sectors. This note explores the practice of direct selling for the company, the sales person, and the consumer, as well as the... View Details
Keywords: Customers; Developing Countries and Economies; Marketing Channels; Marketing Strategy; Emerging Markets; Sales
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  • December 2003 (Revised March 2004)
  • Case

FIRA: Confronting the Mexican Agricultural Crisis

By: James E. Austin, Michael Chu and Cate Reavis
In fall 2003, Mexico's agriculture sector was facing a crisis brought on largely by a surge in cheap U.S. imports resulting from NAFTA and inaccessible and/or expensive terms of credit for Mexican agricultural producers. It was getting harder for Mexican producers to... View Details
Keywords: Development Economics; Public Sector; Trade; Financial Instruments; Crisis Management; Markets; Strategic Planning; Partners and Partnerships; Competitive Strategy; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry
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  • February 2004 (Revised June 2004)
  • Case

Freeport Mine, Irian Jaya, Indonesia, The: "Tailings & Failings" - Stakeholder Analysis

By: V. Kasturi Rangan and Arthur McCaffrey
Chronicles the development of Freeport's nearly 30 years of mining operations in Indonesia. Building on a mining concession awarded by the country's government, headed by General Suharto, in 1973, Freeport steadily built its mining output to nearly 200,000 cubic... View Details
Keywords: History; Situation or Environment; Private Sector; Economic Growth; Power and Influence; Business and Government Relations; Growth and Development Strategy; Mining Industry; Indonesia
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  • 16 Mar 2010
  • First Look

First Look: March 16

forthcoming Abstract Capitalism, as defined in this book, is an indirect, three-level system of governance for economic relationships (i.e., economic, administrative, and political). Whereas View Details
Keywords: Martha Lagace
  • August 5, 2016
  • Article

A Definitive Guide to the Brexit Negotiations

By: Deepak Malhotra
In this article I offer an analysis of the negotiation landscape facing UK and EU negotiators, along with advice on how they might navigate the "Brexit" process more effectively. For the record, I have not (at the time of this writing) been asked by either side to... View Details
Keywords: Negotiation; Economics; United Kingdom; European Union
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  • 2011
  • Chapter

El Sector Privado y las Responsabilidades Públicas: El Rol de las Soluciones Comerciales en la Temática Social

By: Michael Chu
In today's world, certain goods and services are considered so basic that, regardless of culture, they are accepted as public responsibilities. However, for the low-income populations in developing countries, which constitute the majority of the world, access to these... View Details
Keywords: Business Model; Developing Countries and Economies; Private Sector; Public Sector; Management Practices and Processes; Human Needs; Poverty; Commercialization
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  • 01 Jun 2012
  • News

Letters to the Editor

The capital gains rate is a policy lever, not a social lever. A government should care about the less fortunate, for sure. But a government cannot achieve that by punishing success and standing in the way of View Details
Keywords: Administration of Economic Programs; Administration of Economic Programs; Administration of Economic Programs; Administration of Economic Programs
  • 2008
  • Working Paper

New Framework for Measuring and Managing Macrofinancial Risk and Financial Stability

By: Dale F. Gray, Robert C. Merton and Zvi Bodie
This paper proposes a new approach to improve the way central banks can analyze and manage the financial risks of a national economy. It is based on the modern theory and practice of contingent claims analysis (CCA), which is successfully used today at the level of... View Details
Keywords: Financial Crisis; Macroeconomics; Central Banking; Risk Management
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  • 22 Jan 2009
  • Working Paper Summaries

Turbulent Firms, Turbulent Wages?

Keywords: by Diego A. Comin, Erica L. Groshen & Bess Rabin
  • 11 May 2020
  • Op-Ed

Immigration Policies Threaten American Competitiveness

and 2010, America’s share of college-educated migrants within the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development nations fell from about 50 percent to 40 percent. Our recent research captures business... View Details
Keywords: by William R. Kerr