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- All HBS Web (251)
- Faculty Publications (103)
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- April 1999
- Case
French Pension System, The: On The Verge Of Retirement? (Abridged)
By: David A. Moss
Surveys the French pension system, its particular institutional characteristics, and some of the critical challenges and opportunities facing French reformers. Like almost every other industrialized country, France has a large pay-as-you-go public pension system that... View Details
Keywords: Retirement; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Policy; Economic Growth; Economics; Capital Markets; Wages; Public Administration Industry; France
Moss, David A. "French Pension System, The: On The Verge Of Retirement? (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 799-143, April 1999.
- November 2003
- Article
The Macroeconomics of Happiness
By: Rafael Di Tella, Robert MacCulloch and Andrew J. Oswald
We show that macroeconomic movements have strong effects on the happiness of nations. First, we find that there are clear microeconomic patterns in the psychological well-being levels of a quarter of a million randomly sampled Europeans and Americans from the 1970s to... View Details
Di Tella, Rafael, Robert MacCulloch, and Andrew J. Oswald. "The Macroeconomics of Happiness." Review of Economics and Statistics 85, no. 4 (November 2003): 793–809.
- 04 Sep 2018
- Working Paper Summaries
Some Facts of High-Tech Patenting
- 2025
- Working Paper
Turning Away from the State: Trade Shocks and Informal Insurance in Brazil
By: Paula Rettl
How does economic globalization affect vote choices? Conventional wisdom holds that voters who lose from economic integration support parties that propose expanding the welfare state. However, in the Global South, where the state is frequently weak or under-resourced,... View Details
Keywords: Global Strategy; Globalized Economies and Regions; Governance; Government Administration; Political Elections; Voting; Latin America; Brazil; South America
Rettl, Paula. "Turning Away from the State: Trade Shocks and Informal Insurance in Brazil." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-038, February 2025.
- April 2015 (Revised October 2024)
- Case
The German Export Engine
By: Gunnar Trumbull, Jonathan Schlefer and Sophus A. Reinert
In fall of 2018, Germany’s chancellor Angela Merkel had logged significant successes. Germany was the largest exporter in the world, had maintained low unemployment through the 2008 financial crisis, and was gradually reforming its welfare state to meet future pension... View Details
Trumbull, Gunnar, Jonathan Schlefer, and Sophus A. Reinert. "The German Export Engine." Harvard Business School Case 715-045, April 2015. (Revised October 2024.)
- June 2023
- Teaching Note
From Cradle to Heaven: Taikang Insurance Group
By: William C. Kirby and Noah B. Truwit
Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 320-088. The case explores the rise of Taikang Insurance Group and its quest to be a leader of one of China's fastest-growing industries. Due to China's underdeveloped social welfare state, Taikang saw an opportunity for the private... View Details
- October 1998 (Revised December 1999)
- Case
Lockheed Martin IMS: Making a Contribution and a Profit
By: Rosabeth M. Kanter and Courtney Purrington
Examines Lockheed Martin's attempt to move from its traditional reliance on defense/aerospace contracts into providing outsourced government services in the social sector. The protagonist reflects on the past 24 years of rapid growth in the company and the myriad... View Details
Keywords: Social Enterprise; Partners and Partnerships; Diversification; Performance Effectiveness; Job Cuts and Outsourcing; Welfare; Private Ownership; Public Ownership; Privatization; Strategic Planning; United States
Kanter, Rosabeth M., and Courtney Purrington. "Lockheed Martin IMS: Making a Contribution and a Profit." Harvard Business School Case 399-018, October 1998. (Revised December 1999.)
- Article
SOX after Ten Years: A Multidisciplinary Review
By: Suraj Srinivasan and John C. Coates IV
We review and assess research findings from 120+ papers in accounting, finance, and law to evaluate the impact of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We describe significant developments in how the Act was implemented and find that despite severe criticism, the Act and... View Details
Srinivasan, Suraj, and John C. Coates IV. "SOX after Ten Years: A Multidisciplinary Review." Accounting Horizons 28, no. 3 (September 2014): 627–671.
- Article
Gross National Happiness As an Answer to the Easterlin Paradox?
By: Rafael Di Tella and Robert MacCulloch
The Easterlin Paradox refers to the fact that happiness data are typically stationary in spite of considerable increases in income. This amounts to a rejection of the hypothesis that current income is the only argument in the utility function. We find that the... View Details
Di Tella, Rafael, and Robert MacCulloch. "Gross National Happiness As an Answer to the Easterlin Paradox?" Journal of Development Economics 86, no. 1 (April 2008).
- 03 Feb 2015
- First Look
First Look: February 3
disseminating information about peer behavior on savings. Low-saving employees received simplified plan enrollment or contribution increase forms. A randomized subset of forms stated the fraction of age-matched coworkers participating in... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
- December 2022
- Article
Conflicting Interests and the Effect of Fiduciary Duty: Evidence from Variable Annuities
By: Mark Egan, Shan Ge and Johnny Tang
We examine the variable annuity market to study conflicts of interest and the effect of fiduciary duty in brokerage markets. Insurers typically pay brokers higher commissions for selling more expensive annuities. Our results indicate that sales are four times as... View Details
Keywords: Variable Annuity; Brokers; Fiduciary Duty; Finance; Investment; Insurance; Conflict of Interests; Financial Services Industry; Insurance Industry; United States
Egan, Mark, Shan Ge, and Johnny Tang. "Conflicting Interests and the Effect of Fiduciary Duty: Evidence from Variable Annuities." Review of Financial Studies 35, no. 12 (December 2022): 5334–5386.
- 27 Jun 2014
- Working Paper Summaries
Positive and Normative Judgments Implicit in US Tax Policy and the Costs of Unequal Growth and Recessions
Keywords: by Benjamin Lockwood & Matthew Weinzierl
- December 2009
- Article
Media Markets and Localism: Does Local News en Español Boost Hispanic Voter Turnout?
By: Felix Oberholzer-Gee and Joel Waldfogel
Since the dawn of broadcasting, and especially in the past decade, Americans have turned their attention from local to more distant sources of news and entertainment. While the integration of media markets will raise the private welfare of many consumers, critics of a... View Details
Keywords: Voting; Ethnicity; Behavior; Local Range; Journalism and News Industry; Media and Broadcasting Industry; United States
Oberholzer-Gee, Felix, and Joel Waldfogel. "Media Markets and Localism: Does Local News en Español Boost Hispanic Voter Turnout?" American Economic Review 99, no. 5 (December 2009).
- 2022
- Chapter
Key Success Factors in Environmental Entrepreneurship: The case of Wilderness Safaris
By: James E. Austin, Megan Epler Woods and Herman B. Leonard
This chapter analyzes the entrepreneurial conception and evolution of the Wilderness Safaris (WS) ecotourism enterprise operating in eight African countries. It illuminates a series of factors that contribute to positive environmental impact as well as financial... View Details
Austin, James E., Megan Epler Woods, and Herman B. Leonard. "Key Success Factors in Environmental Entrepreneurship: The Case of Wilderness Safaris." Chap. 7 in World Scientific Encyclopedia of Business Sustainability, Ethics, and Entrepreneurship, Volume 1: Environmental and Social Entrepreneurship, edited by Peter Gianiodis, Maritza I. Espina, and William R. Meek, 175–196. World Scientific Publishing, 2022.
- Article
Affording to Wait: Medicare Initiation and the Use of Health Care
By: Guy David, Philip Saynisch, Victoria Acevado-Perez and Mark D. Neuman
Delays in receipt of necessary diagnostic and therapeutic medical procedures related to the timing of Medicare initiation at age 65 years have potentially broad welfare implications. We use 2005–2007 data from Florida and North Carolina to estimate the effect of... View Details
Keywords: Medicare; Behavior; Insurance; Health Care and Treatment; Insurance Industry; Public Administration Industry; Health Industry; North Carolina; Florida
David, Guy, Philip Saynisch, Victoria Acevado-Perez, and Mark D. Neuman. "Affording to Wait: Medicare Initiation and the Use of Health Care." Health Economics 21, no. 8 (August 2012): 1030–1036.
- Article
Debt Maturity: Is Long-Term Debt Optimal?
By: Laura Alfaro and Fabio Kanczuk
We model and calibrate the arguments in favor and against short-term and long-term debt. These arguments broadly include: maturity premium, sustainability, and service smoothing. We use a dynamic equilibrium model with tax distortions and government... View Details
Keywords: Borrowing and Debt; Investment Return; Development Economics; Taxation; Risk and Uncertainty; Cost; Interest Rates; Developing Countries and Economies; Welfare; United States; Brazil
Alfaro, Laura, and Fabio Kanczuk. "Debt Maturity: Is Long-Term Debt Optimal?" Review of International Economics 17, no. 5 (November 2009): 890–905. (Also Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 06-005 and NBER Working Paper No. 13119.)
- 23 Apr 2001
- Research & Ideas
The Gulf: It’s a Family Affair
region are starting to pull back from their welfare state philosophies and encourage the privatization of the economies. These are gradual changes. The governments are trying to minimize social disruptions.... View Details
Keywords: by Wendy Guild & Andrea Schulman
- January 2011
- Article
Building a Better America—One Wealth Quintile at a Time
By: Michael I. Norton and Dan Ariely
Disagreements about the optimal level of wealth inequality underlie policy debates ranging from taxation to welfare. We attempt to insert the desires of "regular" Americans into these debates, by asking a nationally representative online panel to estimate the current... View Details
Keywords: Taxation; Policy; Perspective; Wealth; Equality and Inequality; Income; Demography; Debates; Welfare; Diversity; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; United States
Norton, Michael I., and Dan Ariely. "Building a Better America—One Wealth Quintile at a Time." Perspectives on Psychological Science 6, no. 1 (January 2011): 9–12.
- January–February 2013
- Article
Golfing Alone? Corporations, Elites and Nonprofit Growth in 100 American Communities
By: Christopher Marquis, Gerald F. Davis and Mary Ann Glynn
We examine the link between corporations and community by showing how corporate density interacts with the local social and cultural infrastructure to affect the growth and decline of the number of local nonprofits between 1987 and 2002. We focus on two sub-populations... View Details
Keywords: Business and Community Relations; Civil Society or Community; Business Model; For-Profit Firms; Business Growth and Maturation; Profit; Local Range; Welfare or Wellbeing; Business Processes; Corporate Entrepreneurship; Trends; Management Practices and Processes; United States
Marquis, Christopher, Gerald F. Davis, and Mary Ann Glynn. "Golfing Alone? Corporations, Elites and Nonprofit Growth in 100 American Communities." Organization Science 24, no. 1 (January–February 2013): 39–57. (Read a summary of the article in Stanford Social Innovation Review.)
- February 2008
- Case
Entrepreneurial Leadership in Forming High Tech Enclaves: Lessons from the Government of Andhra Pradesh
By: F. Warren McFarlan, Ramiro Montealegre and Espen Andersen
This case provides an overview of the entrepreneurial leadership taken by the government of India's Andhra Pradesh state in promoting the IT sector and using it to improve the status of the state's economic position in the early years of the third millennium. View Details
Keywords: Economic Sectors; Entrepreneurship; Leadership; Business and Government Relations; Welfare; Information Technology; Andhra Pradesh
McFarlan, F. Warren, Ramiro Montealegre, and Espen Andersen. "Entrepreneurial Leadership in Forming High Tech Enclaves: Lessons from the Government of Andhra Pradesh." Harvard Business School Case 308-079, February 2008.