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- All HBS Web
(3,356)
- People (10)
- News (526)
- Research (2,170)
- Events (16)
- Multimedia (3)
- Faculty Publications (801)
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- September 2006 (Revised February 2007)
- Case
Timing of Option Grants at UnitedHealth Group (A)
Faced with press allegations that executives' stock options might have been backdated, the Board of UnitedHealth Group needs to determine whether its accounting for the options was proper, and if not, what the restatement amount should be and what... View Details
Keywords: Governing and Advisory Boards; Ethics; Stock Options; Accounting; Crisis Management; Corporate Governance; Insurance Industry; Health Industry; United States
Ferri, Fabrizio. "Timing of Option Grants at UnitedHealth Group (A)." Harvard Business School Case 107-028, September 2006. (Revised February 2007.)
- May 2022
- Supplement
Third Point in 2020: Growth Is Where the Value Is? (B)
By: Robin Greenwood and Denise Han
In early May 2020, Daniel Loeb’s team at Third Point was evaluating a potential growth opportunity in the Walt Disney Company and whether investor activism might play a role. Battered by the effects of COVID-19, the company’s stock had initially tumbled to $86 and then... View Details
Keywords: Growth; Equity; Disney; Value; Economics; Finance; Investment; Strategy; Management; Investment Activism; Investment Return; Growth and Development; North America
Greenwood, Robin, and Denise Han. "Third Point in 2020: Growth Is Where the Value Is? (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 222-030, May 2022.
- March 2020
- Article
Estimating the Value of Electricity Storage in PJM: Arbitrage and Some Welfare Effects
By: Ramteen Sioshansi, Paul Denholm, Thomas Jenkin and Jurgen Weiss
Significant increases in prices and price volatility of natural gas and electricity have raised interest in the potential economic opportunities for electricity storage. The paper analyzes the arbitrage value of a price-taking storage device in PJM during the six-year... View Details
Sioshansi, Ramteen, Paul Denholm, Thomas Jenkin, and Jurgen Weiss. "Estimating the Value of Electricity Storage in PJM: Arbitrage and Some Welfare Effects." Energy Economics 31, no. 2 (March 2020): 269–277.
- May 2009
- Teaching Note
Nextel Partners: Put Option (TN)
By: Timothy A. Luehrman
Teaching Note for [207-128] View Details
- April 2023
- Article
Learning Down to Train Up: Mentors Are More Effective When They Value Insights from Below
By: Ting Zhang, Dan Wang and Adam D. Galinsky
Although mentorship is vital for individual success, potential mentors often view it as a costly burden. To understand what motivates mentors to overcome this barrier and more fully engage with their mentees, we introduce a new construct, learning direction, which... View Details
Keywords: Mentoring; Learning Direction; Interpersonal Communication; Learning; Leadership Development
Zhang, Ting, Dan Wang, and Adam D. Galinsky. "Learning Down to Train Up: Mentors Are More Effective When They Value Insights from Below." Academy of Management Journal 66, no. 2 (April 2023): 604–637.
- May 2022 (Revised April 2024)
- Case
Third Point in 2020: Growth Is Where the Value Is?
By: Robin Greenwood, James Williams and Denise Han
In early May 2020, Daniel Loeb’s team at Third Point was evaluating a potential growth opportunity in the Walt Disney Company and whether investor activism might play a role. Battered by the effects of COVID-19, the company’s stock had initially tumbled to $86 and then... View Details
Keywords: Growth; Equity; Disney; Value; COVID-19 Pandemic; Economics; Strategy; Growth and Development; Investment Return; Opportunities; Business and Stakeholder Relations; North America
Greenwood, Robin, James Williams, and Denise Han. "Third Point in 2020: Growth Is Where the Value Is?" Harvard Business School Case 222-029, May 2022. (Revised April 2024.)
- 2001
- Working Paper
Promoting Experimentation in Organizational Knowledge Creation: Effects of Status, Values and Rewards
By: Fiona Lee, Amy C. Edmondson, Stefan Thomke and Monica Worline
- Article
The Impact of Forward-Looking Metrics on Employee Decision-Making: The Case of Customer Lifetime Value
By: Pablo Casas-Arce, Asis Martinez Jerez and V.G. Narayanan
This paper analyzes the effects of forward-looking metrics on employee decision-making. We use data from a bank that started providing branch managers with the customer lifetime value (CLV)—an estimate of the future value of the customer relationship—of mortgage... View Details
Keywords: Customer Lifetime Value; Forward-looking Metrics; Employees; Decision Making; Information; Customer Value and Value Chain; Banks and Banking; Mortgages; Outcome or Result
Casas-Arce, Pablo, Asis Martinez Jerez, and V.G. Narayanan. "The Impact of Forward-Looking Metrics on Employee Decision-Making: The Case of Customer Lifetime Value." Accounting Review 92, no. 3 (May 2017): 31–56.
- 2001
- Working Paper
Do Underwater Executive Stock Options Still Align Incentives? The Effect of Stock Price Movements on Managerial Incentive-Alignment
Jin, Li, and Lisa K. Meulbroek. "Do Underwater Executive Stock Options Still Align Incentives? The Effect of Stock Price Movements on Managerial Incentive-Alignment." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 02-002, November 2001.
- Summer 2014
- Article
When Does a Platform Create Value by Limiting Choice?
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Hanna Halaburda
We present a theory for why it might be rational for a platform to limit the number of applications available on it. Our model is based on the observation that even if users prefer application variety, applications often also exhibit direct network effects. When there... View Details
Keywords: Platform Governance; Direct Network Effects; Indirect Network Effects; Complements; Tragedy Of The Commons; Equilibrium Selection; Coordination; Foresight; Strategy; Value Creation; Digital Platforms; Balance and Stability; Decision Choices and Conditions; Consumer Behavior; Applications and Software; Network Effects
Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Hanna Halaburda. "When Does a Platform Create Value by Limiting Choice?" Journal of Economics & Management Strategy 23, no. 2 (Summer 2014): 259–293.
- March 1994 (Revised June 1999)
- Background Note
Real Options: Valuing Managerial Flexibility
Provides a basic understanding of real options in corporate finance. Traditional discounted cash flow techniques (NPV) do not deal well with managerial flexibility or future response to uncertainty. The value of this flexibility can be significant and is handled well... View Details
Edleson, Michael E. "Real Options: Valuing Managerial Flexibility." Harvard Business School Background Note 294-109, March 1994. (Revised June 1999.)
- January 2001
- Case
Valuing Project Achieve
By: Mihir A. Desai and Kathleen Luchs
Project Achieve is a start-up providing information management solutions for schools. Its founders see a need for software both to manage the volumes of information necessary to administer a school and to connect parents, teachers, and students in a more effective way.... View Details
Keywords: Business Startups; Valuation; Venture Capital; Cost of Capital; Cash Flow; Forecasting and Prediction
Desai, Mihir A., and Kathleen Luchs. "Valuing Project Achieve." Harvard Business School Case 201-080, January 2001.
- March 2001
- Background Note
Real Options Valuation when Multiple Sources of Uncertainty Exist
This case describes how multiple sources of uncertainty can be incorporated into a real-options-based analysis. It works through an example of a two-stage problem where a company has both an option to explore and an option to develop oil reserves. View Details
Meulbroek, Lisa K. "Real Options Valuation when Multiple Sources of Uncertainty Exist." Harvard Business School Background Note 201-106, March 2001.
- November 2016
- Article
Spatial Organization of Firms and Location Choices Through the Value Chain
By: Juan Alcacer and Mercedes Delgado
We explore the impact of geographically bounded, intra-firm linkages (internal agglomerations) and geographically bounded, inter-firm linkages (external agglomerations) on firms' location strategies. Using data from the Census Bureau's Longitudinal Business Database,... View Details
Keywords: Location Choices; Agglomeration Economies; Value Chain; Organization Theory; Geographic Location; Business Strategy
Alcacer, Juan, and Mercedes Delgado. "Spatial Organization of Firms and Location Choices Through the Value Chain." Management Science 62, no. 11 (November 2016).
- Article
Stretching the Effectiveness of Analogical Training in Negotiations: Teaching Diverse Principles for Creating Value
By: Simone Moran, Yoella Bereby-Meyer and Max Bazerman
Moran, Simone, Yoella Bereby-Meyer, and Max Bazerman. "Stretching the Effectiveness of Analogical Training in Negotiations: Teaching Diverse Principles for Creating Value." Negotiation and Conflict Management Research 1, no. 2 (May 2008): 99–134.
- 18 Jun 2007
- Op-Ed
Leveling the Executive Options Playing Field
behavior. Indeed, a significant cost for corporations—the cost associated with compensating key employees with stock options—was until recently treated as an expense for tax purposes but not for financial accounting purposes. More specifically, the View Details
Keywords: by Mihir Desai
- 2025
- Working Paper
The Value of Silence: The Effect of UMG’s Licensing Dispute with TikTok on Music Demand
By: Mengjie (Magie) Cheng, Elie Ofek and Hema Yoganarasimhan
Social media platforms like TikTok have transformed how music is discovered, consumed, and
monetized. This study examines the implications of the dispute between TikTok and Universal Music
Group (UMG), which resulted in UMG excluding its music from TikTok from... View Details
Keywords: Demand And Consumers; Monetization; Social Media; Revenue; Conflict and Resolution; Music Industry
Cheng, Mengjie (Magie), Elie Ofek, and Hema Yoganarasimhan. "The Value of Silence: The Effect of UMG’s Licensing Dispute with TikTok on Music Demand." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-014, July 2024. (Revised June 2025.)
- 2002
- Working Paper
The Option Value of Modularity in Design An Example from Design Rules, Volume 1: The Power of Modularity
By: Carliss Y. Baldwin and Kim Clark
Baldwin, Carliss Y., and Kim Clark. "The Option Value of Modularity in Design An Example from Design Rules, Volume 1: The Power of Modularity." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 02-078, May 2002.
- 12 Oct 1999
- Research & Ideas
Paid for Success: Options for Compensating CEOs
performance," he says. The results show that for any given shift in firm value, changes in CEO wealth due to stock and stock option revaluations are more than fifty times larger than changes in wealth due to salary and bonus.... View Details
Keywords: by Judith A. Ross
- 2019
- Working Paper
Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 13 Platform Systems vs. Step Processes—The Value of Options and the Power of Modularity
This is the first chapter in Part 3. Its purpose is to contrast the value structure of platform systems with step processes from a technological perspective. I first review the basic technical architecture of computers and argue that every computer is inherently a... View Details
Keywords: Platform Systems; Step Processes; Computer Architecture; Modularity; Information Technology; Digital Platforms
Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 13 Platform Systems vs. Step Processes—The Value of Options and the Power of Modularity." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-073, January 2019.