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      • February 2022
      • Case

      Leading The UK Vaccine Task Force

      By: Amy C. Edmondson and Claudia Pienica
      This case describes the first six months of the UK Vaccine Taskforce, under the leadership of Kate Bingham. With a career spent in the private sector as a biotech investor, Bingham’s appointment within the government was considered unusual. The overarching brief given... View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19; Vaccine; Government; Health Pandemics; Health Care and Treatment; Science; Innovation and Invention; Groups and Teams; Leadership; Decision Making; Government and Politics; Health; Innovation and Management; Governance; Change; Government Administration; Health Industry; Financial Services Industry; Public Administration Industry; Europe; United Kingdom
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      Edmondson, Amy C., and Claudia Pienica. "Leading The UK Vaccine Task Force." Harvard Business School Case 622-079, February 2022.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Addressing Vaccine Hesitancy: Experimental Evidence from Nine Countries during the COVID-19 Pandemic

      By: Vincenzo Galasso, Vincent Pons, Paola Profeta, Michael Becher, Sylvain Brouard and Martial Foucault
      Millions of people refuse COVID-19 vaccination. Using original data from two surveys in nine OECD countries, we analyze the determinants of anti-vax intentions in December 2020 and show that half of the anti-vax individuals were vaccinated by summer 2021. Vaccinations... View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19; Vaccination; Vaccine Hesitancy; Information Campaigns; Health Pandemics; Behavior; Information
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      Galasso, Vincenzo, Vincent Pons, Paola Profeta, Michael Becher, Sylvain Brouard, and Martial Foucault. "Addressing Vaccine Hesitancy: Experimental Evidence from Nine Countries during the COVID-19 Pandemic." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 29741, February 2022.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Electoral Turnovers

      By: Benjamin Marx, Vincent Pons and Vincent Rollet
      In most national elections, voters face a key choice between continuity and change. Electoral turnovers occur when the incumbent candidate or party fails to win reelection. To understand how turnovers affect national outcomes, we study the universe of presidential and... View Details
      Keywords: Election Outcomes; Regression Discontinuity Design; Political Elections; Change; Global Range; Outcome or Result; Economy; Governance; Performance Improvement
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      Marx, Benjamin, Vincent Pons, and Vincent Rollet. "Electoral Turnovers." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 29766, February 2022. (Revise and resubmit requested, Review of Economic Studies.)
      • January 2022 (Revised April 2025)
      • Case

      Steem Versus Hive: Testing Blockchain Governance

      By: Shikhar Ghosh and Shweta Bagai
      This case examines a pivotal governance conflict that occurred in 2020 when Justin Sun, founder of the TRON blockchain, acquired Steemit Inc., the company behind a popular social media platform operating on the Steem blockchain. Steem, launched in 2016 by Daniel... View Details
      Keywords: Blockchain; Mergers and Acquisitions; Values and Beliefs; Corporate Governance; Organizational Culture; Social and Collaborative Networks; Technology Industry
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      Ghosh, Shikhar, and Shweta Bagai. "Steem Versus Hive: Testing Blockchain Governance." Harvard Business School Case 822-075, January 2022. (Revised April 2025.)
      • January 10, 2022
      • Article

      The Link Between Income, Income Inequality, and Prosocial Behavior Around the World: A Multiverse Approach

      By: Lucia Macchia and Ashley V. Whillans
      The questions of whether high-income individuals are more prosocial than low-income individuals and whether income inequality moderates this effect have received extensive attention. We shed new light on this topic by analyzing a large-scale dataset with a... View Details
      Keywords: Prosocial Behavior; Income Inequality; Behavior; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; Income
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      Macchia, Lucia, and Ashley V. Whillans. "The Link Between Income, Income Inequality, and Prosocial Behavior Around the World: A Multiverse Approach." Social Psychology (January 10, 2022): 375–386.
      • January 2022
      • Article

      Global Behaviors, Perceptions, and the Emergence of Social Norms at the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic

      By: Lukas Hensel, Marc Witte, Stefano Caria, Thiemo Fetzer, Stefano Fiorin, Friedrich M. Goetz, Margarita Gomez, Johannes Haushofer, Andriy Ivchenko, Gordon T. Kraft-Todd, Elena Reutskaja, Christopher Roth, Erez Yoeli and Jon M. Jachimowicz
      We conducted a large-scale survey covering 58 countries and over 100,000 respondents between late March and early April 2020 to study beliefs and attitudes towards citizens' and governments' responses at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Most respondents reported... View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19; Government Regulation; Social Norms; Health Pandemics; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Behavior; Perception; Global Range; Surveys
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      Hensel, Lukas, Marc Witte, Stefano Caria, Thiemo Fetzer, Stefano Fiorin, Friedrich M. Goetz, Margarita Gomez, Johannes Haushofer, Andriy Ivchenko, Gordon T. Kraft-Todd, Elena Reutskaja, Christopher Roth, Erez Yoeli, and Jon M. Jachimowicz. "Global Behaviors, Perceptions, and the Emergence of Social Norms at the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 193 (January 2022): 473–496.
      • 2022
      • Book

      Ripe for Revolution: Building Socialism in the Third World

      By: Jeremy Friedman
      A historical account of ideology in the Global South as the postwar laboratory of socialism, its legacy following the Cold War, and the continuing influence of socialist ideas worldwide.

      In the first decades after World War II, many newly independent... View Details
      Keywords: Socialism; Economic Systems; Globalization; Government and Politics; Developing Countries and Economies
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      Friedman, Jeremy. Ripe for Revolution: Building Socialism in the Third World. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2022.
      • December 2021
      • Case

      Whistleblowing at Veolia: A Technology Solution

      By: Aiyesha Dey, Jonas Heese, Christian Godwin and James Weber
      In 2019, Bruno Masson, the vice chairman of Veolia’s Ethics Committee, was preparing for a meeting on a rollout plan for a new whistleblowing system to more countries. Veolia, a global supplier of water, waste, and energy services, had recently gone through several... View Details
      Keywords: Whistleblowing; Corporate Misconduct; Corporate Governance; Ethics; Crime and Corruption; Values and Beliefs; Trust; Employee Relationship Management; Utilities Industry
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      Dey, Aiyesha, Jonas Heese, Christian Godwin, and James Weber. "Whistleblowing at Veolia: A Technology Solution." Harvard Business School Case 122-050, December 2021.
      • Article

      Counterfactual Explanations Can Be Manipulated

      By: Dylan Slack, Sophie Hilgard, Himabindu Lakkaraju and Sameer Singh
      Counterfactual explanations are useful for both generating recourse and auditing fairness between groups. We seek to understand whether adversaries can manipulate counterfactual explanations in an algorithmic recourse setting: if counterfactual explanations indicate... View Details
      Keywords: Machine Learning Models; Counterfactual Explanations
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      Slack, Dylan, Sophie Hilgard, Himabindu Lakkaraju, and Sameer Singh. "Counterfactual Explanations Can Be Manipulated." Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) 34 (2021).
      • October 2021
      • Article

      Board Design and Governance Failures at Peer Firms

      By: Shelby Gai, J. Yo-Jud Cheng and Andy Wu
      Our study introduces board committees as a crucial determinant of board actions. We examine how directors who structurally link different board committees—referred to as multi-committee directors (MCDs)—explain why some board actions are merely symbolic while others... View Details
      Keywords: Board Committees; Board Monitoring; New Director Nomination; Peer Financial Restatements; Governing and Advisory Boards; Corporate Governance; Performance Effectiveness
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      Gai, Shelby, J. Yo-Jud Cheng, and Andy Wu. "Board Design and Governance Failures at Peer Firms." Strategic Management Journal 42, no. 10 (October 2021): 1909–1938.
      • 2021
      • Chapter

      The Economic and Political Effects of Immigration: Evidence from the Age of Mass Migration

      By: Marco Tabellini
      Between 1850 and 1920, during the Age of Mass Migration, more than 30 million Europeans moved to the United States. European immigrants provided ample supply of cheap labor as well as specific skills and know-how, contributing to American economic growth. These... View Details
      Keywords: Age Of Mass Migration; Political Ideology; Political Economy; Assimilation; Immigration; Economics; History; United States
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      Tabellini, Marco. "The Economic and Political Effects of Immigration: Evidence from the Age of Mass Migration." In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Economics and Finance, edited by Jonathan H. Hamilton. Oxford University Press, 2021. Electronic.
      • Article

      A Multi-country Test of Brief Reappraisal Interventions on Emotions During the COVID-19 Pandemic

      By: Ke Wang, Amit Goldenberg, Charles Dorison, Jeremy Miller, Jennifer Lerner and James Gross
      The COVID-19 pandemic is increasing negative emotions and decreasing positive emotions globally. Left unchecked, these emotional changes may have a wide array of adverse impacts. To reduce negative emotions and increase positive emotions, we will examine the impact of... View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19; Emotion Regulation; Reappraisal; Interventions; Health Pandemics; Emotions; Global Range
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      Wang, Ke, Amit Goldenberg, Charles Dorison, Jeremy Miller, Jennifer Lerner, and James Gross. "A Multi-country Test of Brief Reappraisal Interventions on Emotions During the COVID-19 Pandemic." Nature Human Behaviour 5, no. 8 (August 2021): 1089–1110.
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Equilibrium Effects of Pay Transparency

      By: Zoë B. Cullen and Bobak Pakzad-Hurson
      The public discourse around pay transparency has focused on the direct effect: how workers seek to rectify newly-disclosed pay inequities through renegotiations. The question of how wage-setting and hiring practices of the firm respond in equilibrium has received... View Details
      Keywords: Pay Transparency; Online Labor Market; Privacy; Wage Gap; Negotiation; Corporate Disclosure; Compensation and Benefits; Gender
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      Cullen, Zoë B., and Bobak Pakzad-Hurson. "Equilibrium Effects of Pay Transparency." Working Paper, June 2021. (Econometrica, Vol 91, No. 3 (May, 2023), 765-802.)
      • April 2021
      • Case

      Codecademy: Where to Next?

      By: Jeffrey F. Rayport, Max Mailman and Sarah Ascherman
      In March 2020, Zach Sims, co-founder and CEO of online education platform Codecademy, prepared for a meeting with his Chief of Staff Kunal Ahuja to discuss the company’s goals. Codecademy billed itself as the largest online resource for computer science literacy and... View Details
      Keywords: Monetization Strategy; Business Model; Change Management; Venture Capital; Leading Change; Growth and Development Strategy; Growth Management; Management Teams; Marketing Channels; Product Marketing; Network Effects; Product Development; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Strategic Planning; Internet and the Web; Digital Platforms; United States
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      Rayport, Jeffrey F., Max Mailman, and Sarah Ascherman. "Codecademy: Where to Next?" Harvard Business School Case 821-093, April 2021.
      • March 2021
      • Article

      International Trade and Social Connectedness

      By: Michael Bailey, Abhinav Gupta, Sebastian Hillenbrand, Theresa Kuchler, Robert J. Richmond and Johannes Stroebel
      We use de-identified data from Facebook to construct a new and publicly available measure of the pairwise social connectedness between 170 countries and 332 European regions. We find that two countries trade more when they are more socially connected, especially for... View Details
      Keywords: Social Connections; International Trade; Trade; Social Media
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      Bailey, Michael, Abhinav Gupta, Sebastian Hillenbrand, Theresa Kuchler, Robert J. Richmond, and Johannes Stroebel. "International Trade and Social Connectedness." Journal of International Economics 129 (March 2021).
      • 2021
      • Article

      Leisure Beliefs and the Subjective Well-being of Nations

      By: Lucia Macchia and A.V. Whillans
      Here, we construct a data set of 79 countries (N = 220,000) and explore whether differences in the prioritization of time (leisure) vs. money (work) explain cross-country differences in happiness. Consistent with our predictions, countries whose citizens value leisure... View Details
      Keywords: Leisure; Work; Subjective Well-being; Public Policy; Employment; Happiness; Governance; Policy
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      Macchia, Lucia, and A.V. Whillans. "Leisure Beliefs and the Subjective Well-being of Nations." Journal of Positive Psychology 16, no. 2 (2021): 198–206. (Shared Authorship.)
      • February 2021 (Revised March 2022)
      • Case

      TikTok in 2020: Super App or Supernova?

      By: Jeffrey F. Rayport, Dan Maher and Dan O'Brien
      TikTok’s parent company, ByteDance, was launched in 2012 around a simple idea – helping users entertain themselves on their smartphones while on the Beijing Subway. In less than a decade, it had become one of the world’s most valuable private companies, with investors... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Business Startups; Business Organization; Change Management; Disruption; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Global Strategy; Health Pandemics; Innovation Strategy; Growth and Development Strategy; Growth Management; Brands and Branding; Marketing Strategy; Marketing Channels; Network Effects; Digital Platforms; Product Design; Product Development; Partners and Partnerships; Opportunities; Social Issues; Mobile and Wireless Technology; Internet and the Web; Value Creation; United States; China
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      Rayport, Jeffrey F., Dan Maher, and Dan O'Brien. "TikTok in 2020: Super App or Supernova?" Harvard Business School Case 821-087, February 2021. (Revised March 2022.)
      • February 2021
      • Case

      Emma Dench: Leadership and Ancient Rome

      By: Francesca Gino and Frances X. Frei
      In this multimedia case, classics scholar Emma Dench guides us in understanding leadership insights that can be captured from historical figures and works dating back to Ancient Rome. We learn the language, ideas, and patterns of behavior that are relevant to... View Details
      Keywords: Empowerment Leadership; Leadership; History; Management Skills
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      Gino, Francesca, and Frances X. Frei. "Emma Dench: Leadership and Ancient Rome." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Case 921-702, February 2021.
      • January 2021
      • Article

      How Personality and Policy Predict Pandemic Behavior: Understanding Sheltering-in-Place in 55 Countries at the Onset of COVID-19

      By: Friedrich M. Götz, Andrés Gvirtz, Adam D. Galinsky and Jon M. Jachimowicz
      The spread of COVID-19 within any given country or community at the onset of the pandemic depended in part on the sheltering-in-place rate of its citizens. The pandemic led us to revisit one of psychology’s most fundamental and most basic questions in a high-stakes... View Details
      Keywords: COVID; COVID-19; Pandemic; Shelter-in-place; Personality; Government; Interactionism; Health Pandemics; Behavior; Personal Characteristics; Policy; Governance Compliance
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      Götz, Friedrich M., Andrés Gvirtz, Adam D. Galinsky, and Jon M. Jachimowicz. "How Personality and Policy Predict Pandemic Behavior: Understanding Sheltering-in-Place in 55 Countries at the Onset of COVID-19." American Psychologist 76, no. 1 (January 2021): 39–49.
      • January 2021
      • Article

      Turbulence, Firm Decentralization and Growth in Bad Times

      By: Philippe Aghion, Nicholas Bloom, Brian Lucking, Raffaella Sadun and John Van Reenen
      What is the optimal form of firm organization during “bad times”? We present a model of delegation within the firm to show that the effect is ambiguous. The greater turbulence following macro shocks may benefit decentralized firms because the value of local information... View Details
      Keywords: Decentralization; Growth; Turbulence; Great Recession; Organizational Design; System Shocks; Economic Growth; Performance
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      Aghion, Philippe, Nicholas Bloom, Brian Lucking, Raffaella Sadun, and John Van Reenen. "Turbulence, Firm Decentralization and Growth in Bad Times." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 13, no. 1 (January 2021): 133–169.
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