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- February 2021
- Case
Yellow Digital Retailers: Providing Solar Electricity to Transform Rural Africa
By: Lynda M. Applegate, Frank V. Cespedes and Michael Norris
In 2020, Mike Heyink and Maya Stewart, co-founders of the Pay-as-you-Go Solar company Yellow were considering how to grow their startup. They had achieved some success in their first market, Malawi, and had recently entered Uganda, where business was slower. What did... View Details
Keywords: Solar Energy; Business Model; Business Startups; Developing Countries and Economies; Alternative Energy; Renewable Energy; Social Entrepreneurship; Green Technology; Salesforce Management; Diversification; Expansion; Energy Industry; Africa; South Africa; Malawi; Uganda
Applegate, Lynda M., Frank V. Cespedes, and Michael Norris. "Yellow Digital Retailers: Providing Solar Electricity to Transform Rural Africa." Harvard Business School Case 821-041, February 2021.
- 20 Nov 2012
- First Look
First Look: November 20
our research examines. We find that, to the contrary, the success of voluntary regulation is contingent on a robust regime of government inspection and enforcement. Within such a regime, we find that voluntary compliance efforts by regulated firms can actually lead to... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
- 08 Oct 2014
- Research & Ideas
Who Is the Chief Sustainability Officer?
Since the start of the 2000s, a high-level corporate position has evolved that is still something of a mystery. As companies have engaged in more efforts around sustainability, environmental and otherwise, the "chief sustainability... View Details
- 15 Jun 2007
- Research & Ideas
Remembering Alfred Chandler
Richard H.k. Vietor Richard H.K. Vietor is the Senator John Heinz Professor of Environmental Management at Harvard Business School, where he teaches courses on the regulation of business and the international political economy. Al's... View Details
Keywords: by Sean Silverthorne
- 01 May 2020
- In Practice
COVID-19’s Hard Lessons Might Prepare Business for Climate Change
impacting the planet. These tentative findings suggest that COVID-19 is making climate increasingly a top-of-mind issue. Now, it is up to corporations and policy makers to translate this attentional focus into actions and habits that stick—by using View Details
Keywords: by Danielle Kost
- 02 Jul 2001
- What Do You Think?
Built to Last or Bought to Sell?
destruction" research. As Devdip Ganguli put it: "The sphere of influence of companies goes beyond themselves and their investors: their decisions encompass social and environmental consequences too. Therefore to say that the... View Details
Keywords: by James Heskett
- October 2024
- Course Overview Note
Risks, Opportunities, and Investments in the Era of Climate Change (ROICC)
By: George Serafeim
This course overview note introduces the course Risks, Opportunities, and Investments in the Era of Climate Change to students. View Details
Keywords: Environment; Innovation; Technology; General Management; Organizational Transformations; Investments; Entrepreneurship; Strategy; Finance; Accounting; Leadership; Climate Change; Environmental Sustainability; Management
Serafeim, George. "Risks, Opportunities, and Investments in the Era of Climate Change (ROICC)." Harvard Business School Course Overview Note 125-052, October 2024.
- July–August 2000
- Article
What Every Executive Needs to Know about Global Warming
By: Kimberly O'Neill Packard and F. Reinhardt
O'Neill Packard, Kimberly, and F. Reinhardt. "What Every Executive Needs to Know about Global Warming." Harvard Business Review 78, no. 4 (July–August 2000): 128–135.
- 2013
- Case
Travelers Insurance: Focusing on Climate Change and Natural Catastrophe Risk
By: Andrew J. Hoffman
The dilemma Evan Blue faces stems from a report by sustainability advocacy group Ceres that calls on companies to take climate change into consideration in their risk models and develop response strategies. The fictional vice president of Traveler's Insurance is tasked... View Details
Hoffman, Andrew J. "Travelers Insurance: Focusing on Climate Change and Natural Catastrophe Risk." William Davidson Institute Case 1-429-347, 2013.
- November 2018 (Revised February 2023)
- Case
Bangladesh: Into the Maelstrom
By: Reshmaan Hussam, Sophus A. Reinert and Namrata Arora
In the fall of 2018, Rohima Begum considered her options as the small island, or “char,” on which her family’s house rested slowly but inescapably eroded into the mighty Brahmaputra River in northern Bangladesh. The country, once unceremoniously dubbed a “basket case”... View Details
Keywords: Climate Change; Adaptation; Environmental Management; Problems and Challenges; Immigration; Bangladesh
Hussam, Reshmaan, Sophus A. Reinert, and Namrata Arora. "Bangladesh: Into the Maelstrom." Harvard Business School Case 719-008, November 2018. (Revised February 2023.)
- November 2002 (Revised May 2006)
- Case
Forest Stewardship Council
By: James E. Austin and Ezequiel Reficco
In just a few years the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) made impressive progress toward its mission of promoting "environmentally appropriate, socially beneficial, and economically viable management of the world's forests." By 2001, 25.5 million hectares of forests in... View Details
Keywords: Finance; Corporate Governance; Management; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Environmental Sustainability; Competitive Strategy
Austin, James E., and Ezequiel Reficco. "Forest Stewardship Council." Harvard Business School Case 303-047, November 2002. (Revised May 2006.)
- 05 Sep 2007
- First Look
First Look: September 5, 2007
However, the strategies which environmental organizations choose to employ are sometimes starkly different. Compares the models of two dissimilar environmental powerhouses:... View Details
Keywords: Martha Lagace
- Research Summary
Overview
By: John C. Mulliken
My research involves climate strategy, climate finance, and building climate technology ventures. View Details
Keywords: Climate; Climate Risk; Climate Finance; Governance; Climate Change; Strategy; Retail Industry
- 18 Dec 2018
- First Look
New Research and Ideas, December 18, 2018
peers. Across three online experiments and a field experiment of entrepreneurs, we identify an interpersonal strategy that can mitigate feelings of malicious envy in observers: revealing one’s failures. Despite a general reluctance to... View Details
Keywords: Dina Gerdeman
- April 2025
- Teaching Note
Aramco: Navigating the Energy Transition
By: Tarun Khanna and Samir Junnarkar
Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 725-358. View Details
- September 2024 (Revised February 2025)
- Case
Aramco: Navigating the Energy Transition
By: Tarun Khanna and Gizem Cihan Dincsoy
In March 2024, Amin Nasser, president, and CEO of the Saudi Arabian Oil Company (Aramco), had just delivered a speech about the future of energy at a global energy conference. The world was behind schedule in meeting long-term climate change goals. The global shift... View Details
Keywords: Energy Transmission; Oil & Gas; Economic Diversification; Corporate Strategy; Leadership; Business Strategy; Goals and Objectives; Transition; Environmental Sustainability; Diversification; Energy Industry; Saudi Arabia
Khanna, Tarun, and Gizem Cihan Dincsoy. "Aramco: Navigating the Energy Transition." Harvard Business School Case 725-358, September 2024. (Revised February 2025.)
- April 2018
- Case
Wilderness Safaris: Ecotourism Entrepreneurship
By: James E. Austin, Megan Epler Wood and Herman B. "Dutch" Leonard
Wilderness Safaris sees itself as a conservation company that is built on a business model of providing high-end, premium-priced wildlife safaris in various locations in Africa. Dependent on functioning, healthy ecosystems for its long-term survivability as a business,... View Details
Keywords: Sustainability; Conservation Planning; Corporate Social Responsibility; Ecotourism; Strategy; Social Enterprise; Social Entrepreneurship; Environmental Sustainability; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Expansion; Growth and Development Strategy; Tourism Industry; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; Travel Industry; Africa; Botswana
Austin, James E., Megan Epler Wood, and Herman B. "Dutch" Leonard. "Wilderness Safaris: Ecotourism Entrepreneurship." Harvard Business School Case 318-040, April 2018.
- 07 Jun 2004
- Research & Ideas
The Competition of Countries
Countries, like companies, need development strategies to succeed in a world of growing globalization. Professor Richard H. K. Vietor is an expert on business regulation and the international political economy. Vietor has taught at... View Details
Keywords: by Cynthia Churchwell
- December 2012 (Revised April 2013)
- Case
Olam: On a New Course
By: David E. Bell, Forest Reinhardt and Mary Shelman
From modest beginnings as a cashew trader in Nigeria, Olam, founded by Indian nationals in 1989, has grown into a leading global agricultural trading company, with annual revenues of $14 billion. The company recently has begun investing in farms and in the production... View Details
Keywords: Risk Management; Leadership; Customer Value and Value Chain; Corporate Strategy; Organizational Culture; Environmental Sustainability; Expansion; Competitive Advantage; Agribusiness; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Nigeria
Bell, David E., Forest Reinhardt, and Mary Shelman. "Olam: On a New Course." Harvard Business School Case 513-044, December 2012. (Revised April 2013.)
- August 2023 (Revised March 2024)
- Case
Arla Foods: Data-Driven Decarbonization (A)
By: Michael Parzen, Michael W. Toffel, Susan Pinckney and Amram Migdal
The case describes Arla’s history, in particular its climate change mitigation efforts, and how it implemented a price incentive system to motivate individual farms to implement scope 1 greenhouse gas emissions mitigation measures and receive a higher milk price. The... View Details
Keywords: Dairy Industry; Business Earnings; Agribusiness; Animal-Based Agribusiness; Acquisition; Mergers and Acquisitions; Decision Making; Decisions; Voting; Environmental Management; Climate Change; Environmental Regulation; Environmental Sustainability; Green Technology; Pollution; Moral Sensibility; Values and Beliefs; Financial Strategy; Price; Profit; Revenue; Food; Geopolitical Units; Global Strategy; Ownership Type; Cooperative Ownership; Performance Efficiency; Performance Evaluation; Problems and Challenges; Natural Environment; Science-Based Business; Business Strategy; Commercialization; Cooperation; Corporate Strategy; Food and Beverage Industry; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Europe; United Kingdom; European Union; Germany; Denmark; Sweden; Luxembourg; Belgium
Parzen, Michael, Michael W. Toffel, Susan Pinckney, and Amram Migdal. "Arla Foods: Data-Driven Decarbonization (A)." Harvard Business School Case 624-003, August 2023. (Revised March 2024.)