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- May 2009
- Article
The Definitive Guide to Recruiting in Good Times and Bad
By: Claudio Fernández-Aráoz, Boris Groysberg and Nitin Nohria
This article includes a one-page preview that quickly summarizes the key ideas and provides an overview of how the concepts work in practice along with suggestions for further reading. Few companies are thinking about hiring right now, but that's a mistake. If history... View Details
- 2008
- Chapter
Conceptual Foundations of the Balanced Scorecard
By: Robert S. Kaplan
David Norton and I introduced the Balanced Scorecard in a 1992 Harvard Business Review article. The article was based on a multi-company research project that studied performance measurement in companies whose intangible assets played a central role in value... View Details
- March 2009
- Article
Earnings Management and Corporate Tax Shelters, and Book-Tax Alignment
By: Mihir Desai and Dhammika Dharmapala
This paper reviews recent evidence analyzing the link between earnings management and corporate tax avoidance and considers the implications for how policymakers should evaluate the financial reporting environment facing firms. A real-world tax shelter is dissected to... View Details
- February 2009
- Background Note
An Introduction to Consumer Credit
By: Peter Tufano
This note reviews a variety of shorter-term consumer credit products in the U.S. with an emphasis on the types of products that low- and moderate-income consumers use. Included here are the following: credit cards, bank overdraft products, payday lending, personal... View Details
- January 2009 (Revised October 2011)
- Case
Barack Obama and the Bush Tax Cuts (A)
By: Matthew C. Weinzierl and Eric D. Werker
As his inauguration approached, President-elect Obama faced a financial sector meltdown, a costly bailout, and massive government deficits. With the economy in recession, interest rates near zero, and joblessness on the rise, Obama needed to decide whether, and how... View Details
- 2009
- Article
Acting Globally but Thinking Locally? The Enduring Influence of Local Communities on Organizations
By: Christopher Marquis and Julie Battilana
We develop an institutionally oriented theory of how and why local communities continue to matter for organizations in a global age. Since globalization has taken center stage in both practitioner and academic circles, research has shifted away from understanding... View Details
- 2009
- Chapter
Creativity, Improvisation, and Organizations
By: Colin M. Fisher and Teresa M. Amabile
Although the literatures on both organizational creativity and organizational improvisation have been expanding in recent years, the links between these literatures have not been deeply explored. This chapter explores those links to create a conceptualization of... View Details
- Article
How Actors Change Institutions: Towards a Theory of Institutional Entrepreneurship
By: Julie Battilana, Bernard Leca and Eva Boxenbaum
As well as review the literature on the notion of institutional entrepreneurship introduced by Paul DiMaggio in 1988, we propose a model of the process of institutional entrepreneurship. We first present theoretical and definitional issues associated with the concept... View Details
- 2009
- Article
Implicit Affect in Organizations
By: Sigal G. Barsade, Lakshmi Ramarajan and Drew Westen
Our goal is to integrate the construct of implicit affect—affective processes activated or processed outside of conscious awareness that influence ongoing thought, behavior, and conscious emotional experience—into the field of organizational behavior. We begin by... View Details
- November 2008 (Revised September 2014)
- Background Note
Differences at Work: The Leadership Challenge
By: Sandra J. Sucher
This note reviews research findings on the leadership challenges of diversity, including the social psychology of similarity and difference, the value of multiple perspectives to problem-solving, the relationship between diversity and firm performance, and management... View Details
- 2008
- Chapter
Overcoming Barriers to Collaboration: Psychological Safety and Learning in Diverse Teams
By: A. Edmondson and Kate Roloff
We review research on psychological safety and team learning to identify core ideas and findings in these closely related literatures and to propose a model in which a negative relationship between team member diversity and team collaboration is moderated by... View Details
- October 2008
- Article
Gender in Job Negotiations: A Two-Level Game
By: Hannah Riley Bowles and Kathleen McGinn
We propose taking a two-level-game perspective on gender in job negotiations. At Level One, candidates negotiate with employers. At Level Two, candidates negotiate with household members. In order to illuminate the interplay between these two levels, we review research... View Details
- September 2008 (Revised April 2011)
- Case
The American Express Card
By: John A. Quelch
Senior executives at American Express are reviewing the company's marketing strategy for charge and credit cards in the United States. A variety of growth options exists for students to consider, including further penetration of existing markets and the opening of new... View Details
- 2008
- Working Paper
Opening Platforms: How, When and Why?
By: Thomas R. Eisenmann, Geoffrey Parker and Marshall Van Alstyne
Platform-mediated networks encompass several distinct types of participants, including end users, complementors, platform providers who facilitate users' access to complements, and sponsors who develop platform technologies. Each of these roles can be opened-that... View Details
- September 2008
- Book Review
Review of The Battle for the Soul of Capitalism, by John Bogle
By: Malcolm Baker
- 2008
- Chapter
When Learning and Performance Are at Odds: Confronting the Tension
By: Sara Jean Singer and A. C. Edmondson
This chapter explores complexities of the relationship between learning and performance. We start with the general proposition that learning promotes performance and then describe several challenges for researchers and managers who wish to study or promote learning in... View Details
- August 2008 (Revised June 2012)
- Case
Martingale Asset Management LP in 2008, 130/30 Funds, and a Low-Volatility Strategy
By: Luis M. Viceira and Helen Tung
In early July of 2008, William (Bill) Jacques, Chief Investment Officer at Martingale Asset Management, a quantitative value-oriented investment manager in Boston, Massachusetts, was busy preparing for an upcoming meeting with the group that made new product decisions... View Details
- 2008
- Book
Execution Premium: Linking Strategy to Operations for Competitive Advantage
By: Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton
In a world of stiffening competition, business strategy is more crucial than ever. Yet most organizations struggle in this area--not with formulating strategy but with executing it, or putting their strategy into action. Owing to execution failures, companies realize... View Details