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- All HBS Web
(3,755)
- People (5)
- News (655)
- Research (2,549)
- Events (30)
- Multimedia (15)
- Faculty Publications (1,747)
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- September 2011
- Article
Political Instability: Effects on Financial Development, Roots in the Severity of Economic Inequality
By: Mark J. Roe and Jordan I. Siegel
We here bring forward strong evidence that political instability impedes financial development, with its variation a primary determinant of differences in financial development around the world. As such, it needs to be added to the short list of major determinants of... View Details
Keywords: Financial Development; Political Instability; Government and Politics; Finance; Growth and Development; Economics; Equality and Inequality
Roe, Mark J., and Jordan I. Siegel. "Political Instability: Effects on Financial Development, Roots in the Severity of Economic Inequality." Journal of Comparative Economics 39, no. 3 (September 2011): 279–309. (We here bring forward strong evidence that political instability impedes financial development, with its variation a primary determinant of differences in financial development around the world. As such, it needs to be added to the short list of major determinants of financial development. First, structural conditions first postulated by
Engerman and Sokoloff (2002) as generating long-term inequality are shown here empirically to be exogenous determinants of political instability. Second, that exogenously-determined political instability in turn holds back financial development, even when we control for factors prominent in the last decade's cross-country studies of
financial development. The findings indicate that inequality-perpetuating conditions that result in political instability are fundamental roadblocks for international organizations like the World Bank that seek to promote financial development. The evidence here includes country fixed effect regressions and an instrumental model inspired by Engerman and Sokoloff's (2002) work, which to our knowledge has not yet been used in finance and which is consistent with current tests as valid instruments. Four conventional measures of national political instability — Alesina and Perotti's (1996) well-known index of instability, a subsequent index derived from Banks' (2005) work,
and two indices of managerial perceptions of nation-by-nation political instability — persistently predict a wide range of national financial development outcomes for recent decades. Political instability's significance is time consistent in cross-sectional regressions back to the 1960's, the period when the key data becomes available, robust
in both country fixed-effects and instrumental variable regressions, and consistent across multiple measures of instability and of financial development. Overall, the results indicate the existence of an important channel running from structural inequality to political instability, principally in nondemocratic settings, and then to financial
backwardness. The robust significance of that channel extends existing work demonstrating the importance of political economy explanations for financial development and financial backwardness. It should help to better understand which policies will work for financial development, because political instability has causes, cures, and effects quite distinct from those of many of the key institutions most studied in the past decade as explaining financial backwardness.)
- 24 Feb 2020
- Research & Ideas
The Hidden Vulnerabilities of Open Source Software
is difficult to fully understand the health and security of FOSS because 1) by design, it is distributed in nature so there is no central authority to ensure quality and maintenance, and 2) FOSS can be... View Details
- 07 Jun 2004
- Research & Ideas
The Competition of Countries
periods of time. They must manage political stability. And they must manage equitable distribution of income. Q: What research do you have planned next? A: Having just... View Details
Keywords: by Cynthia Churchwell
- 26 Nov 2007
- Research & Ideas
Best Practices of Global Innovators
can provide a valuable source of product differentiation. And finally, advances in development tools (e.g., computer-aided design) coupled with a move to more open architectures and technical standards have driven down the cost View Details
Keywords: by Sean Silverthorne
- 04 Aug 2006
- What Do You Think?
What Happens When the Economics of Scarcity Meets the Economics of Abundance?
convenient to do so, through such devices as TiVo and cell phones. It is a world where everything digital is available at all times. And because of the very low cost of maintaining and View Details
Keywords: by James Heskett
- 2022
- Working Paper
Measuring the Tolerance of the State: Theory and Application to Protest
By: Veli Andirin, Yusuf Neggers, Mehdi Shadmehr and Jesse M. Shapiro
We develop a measure of a regime's tolerance for an action by its citizens. We ground our measure in an economic model and apply it to the setting of political protest. In the model, a regime anticipating a protest can take a costly action to repress it. We define the... View Details
Keywords: Political Protests; Modeling And Analysis; Government and Politics; Conflict and Resolution
Andirin, Veli, Yusuf Neggers, Mehdi Shadmehr, and Jesse M. Shapiro. "Measuring the Tolerance of the State: Theory and Application to Protest." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 30167, June 2022.
- 18 Sep 2012
- Working Paper Summaries
Risky Business: The Impact of Property Rights on Investment and Revenue in the Film Industry
- 2007
- Working Paper
The Dynamic Interplay of Inequality and Trust - An Experimental Study
By: Ben Greiner, Axel Ockenfels and Peter Werner
We study the interplay of inequality and trust in a dynamic game, where trust increases efficiency and thus allows higher growth of the experimental economy in the future. We find that trust is initially high in a treatment starting with equal endowments, but decreases... View Details
Greiner, Ben, Axel Ockenfels, and Peter Werner. "The Dynamic Interplay of Inequality and Trust - An Experimental Study." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-026, October 2007.
- February 1982 (Revised November 1994)
- Case
San Fabian Supply Co. (Philippines)
MacDowell Corp., a producer of construction supplies, terminated its exclusive distribution arrangement with San Fabian Supply Co., its sole distributor in the Philippines for nearly 20 years. Paul Cheng the owner of San Fabian had to decide whether to accept... View Details
Keywords: Relationships; Distribution Channels; Construction Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Philippines
Malone, Claudine B. B. "San Fabian Supply Co. (Philippines)." Harvard Business School Case 582-104, February 1982. (Revised November 1994.)
- 2014
- Chapter
Business History and the Impact of MNEs on Host Economies
By: Geoffrey Jones
Business history has long been recognized as providing an important dimension in international business studies. Much of this historical work has focused on mapping historical growth patterns of multinationals and exploring the determinants of their growth. However,... View Details
Keywords: Multinational; International Business; Business History; Culture; Globalization; History; Africa; Asia; Europe; Latin America; North and Central America
Jones, Geoffrey. "Business History and the Impact of MNEs on Host Economies." In Multidisciplinary Insights from New AIB Fellows. Vol. 16, edited by Jean J. Boddewyn, 177–198. Research in Global Strategic Management. Bingley, UK: Emerald Group Publishing, 2014.
- January 2009
- Case
When Supply is of Public Interest: Roche & Tamiflu
The case focuses on the challenges of Roche maintaining a supply network for a global influenza pandemic response initiative based on its antiviral drug Tamiflu. The Roche group is a 40 billion CHF company consisting of a pharmaceutical division and a diagnostic... View Details
Keywords: Global Strategy; Health Pandemics; Distribution; Logistics; Production; Supply Chain Management; Performance Capacity; Pharmaceutical Industry
Watson, Noel H., Laura Rock Kopczak, and Prashant Yadav. "When Supply is of Public Interest: Roche & Tamiflu." Harvard Business School Case 609-061, January 2009.
- September 1988 (Revised June 1993)
- Case
Ring Medical
Describes the progress of a new product launch (HCS-100, a hospital communication system). Ring Medical has sold only five systems in six months against an annual target of 30. There is a lack of agreement internally on how the new product effort should be organized.... View Details
Rangan, V. Kasturi. "Ring Medical." Harvard Business School Case 589-046, September 1988. (Revised June 1993.)
- January 2014 (Revised March 2015)
- Technical Note
The Market Power of Platform-Mediated Networks
By: Benjamin Edelman
This note provides criteria to evaluate the power of a platform-mediated network. For a company considering building such a network or an investor considering funding such an effort, this analysis reveals the scope and desirability of the opportunity. Meanwhile, for a... View Details
Keywords: Intermediaries; Platforms; Platform Strategy; Business Model; Agreements and Arrangements; Distribution Channels; Networks; Technology Platform; Telecommunications Industry; Travel Industry; Financial Services Industry
Edelman, Benjamin. "The Market Power of Platform-Mediated Networks." Harvard Business School Technical Note 914-029, January 2014. (Revised March 2015.) (request a courtesy copy.)
- 30 Jun 2016
- Working Paper Summaries
The Dyadic Ties of Managers and Financial Analysts and Their Externality on a Firm's Information Environment
- October 1998 (Revised April 2001)
- Case
United Way of Massachusetts Bay
By: David E. Bell and Ann Leamon
The United Way of Massachusetts Bay held the monopoly on workplace giving for 50 years. In the 1990s it has experienced a dramatic change in the workplace itself and in donor attitudes toward giving and toward the United Way organization. This case investigates the... View Details
Keywords: Change; Marketing Channels; Marketing Strategy; Monopoly; Relationships; Attitudes; Internet; Massachusetts
Bell, David E., and Ann Leamon. "United Way of Massachusetts Bay." Harvard Business School Case 599-042, October 1998. (Revised April 2001.)
- 04 Apr 2007
- Research & Ideas
The Business of Global Poverty
only have tens of dollars a year to spend, that disposable income, multiplied several billion times over, represents significant purchasing power. With this realization have come some dramatic shifts in business thinking, sparking... View Details
Keywords: by Garry Emmons
- November–December 2024
- Article
Loss of Peers and Individual Worker Performance: Evidence From H-1B Visa Denials
By: Prithwiraj Choudhury, Kirk Doran, Astrid Marinoni and Chungeun Yoon
We study how restrictive immigration policies that result in the unexpected loss of co-workers affect the performance of skilled migrants employed in organizations. Specifically, we examine the impact of the loss of team members on their co-workers’ performance in... View Details
Keywords: Immigration; Performance Productivity; Employees; Human Capital; Ethnicity; Groups and Teams
Choudhury, Prithwiraj, Kirk Doran, Astrid Marinoni, and Chungeun Yoon. "Loss of Peers and Individual Worker Performance: Evidence From H-1B Visa Denials." Organization Science 35, no. 6 (November–December 2024): 2040–2063.
- January 2016 (Revised March 2016)
- Case
Whither the Weather (Company): Forecasting 2016
By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Jonathan Cohen
CEO David Kenny led the transformation of the Weather Company from a television business to a Big Data technology company from 2012 until 2016, when IBM acquired its digital assets. This case discusses major decisions taken by Kenny starting in 2014 as he sought to... View Details
Keywords: Weather Company; IBM; Digital; Technology; David Kenny; Television; Weather Channel; Legacy Business; Mainstream; Newstream; Reorganization; Acquisitions; Transformation; Information Technology; Television Entertainment; Acquisition; Consolidation; Change; Leadership
Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, and Jonathan Cohen. "Whither the Weather (Company): Forecasting 2016." Harvard Business School Case 316-143, January 2016. (Revised March 2016.)
- 08 Jun 2009
- Research & Ideas
The Return of the Salesman
included some mention of peddlers and drummers in his 1977 book, The Visible Hand: The Managerial Revolution in American Business. He discussed them, though only briefly, within the larger context of the... View Details
- 26 Sep 2013
- Working Paper Summaries