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Show Results For
- All HBS Web
(12,221)
- People (50)
- News (4,126)
- Research (5,414)
- Events (59)
- Multimedia (212)
- Faculty Publications (3,003)
- November 2006
- Article
The Flattening Firm: Evidence from Panel Data on the Changing Nature of Corporate Hierarchies
By: Raghuram G. Rajan and Julie Wulf
Using a detailed database of managerial job descriptions, reporting relationships, and compensation structures in over 300 large U.S. firms, we find that firm hierarchies are becoming flatter. The number of positions reporting directly to the CEO has gone up... View Details
Keywords: Geographic Location; Change; Business Ventures; Compensation and Benefits; Rank and Position; Wages; Motivation and Incentives; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Jobs and Positions; United States
Rajan, Raghuram G., and Julie Wulf. "The Flattening Firm: Evidence from Panel Data on the Changing Nature of Corporate Hierarchies." Review of Economics and Statistics 88, no. 4 (November 2006): 759–773.
- December 1997
- Case
American Cyanamid (A) & (B) (Combined)
American Home Products' (AHP) $9 billion hostile takeover of American Cyanamid (Cyanamid) was the largest merger-and-acquistion transaction in 1994, and made AHP the fourth largest pharmaceutical firm in the United States. At the time of AHP's offer, Cyanamid had... View Details
Keywords: Governing and Advisory Boards; Mergers and Acquisitions; Corporate Governance; Conflict and Resolution; Pharmaceutical Industry
Wruck, Karen, and Sherry P. Roper. "American Cyanamid (A) & (B) (Combined)." Harvard Business School Case 898-120, December 1997.
- June 1994 (Revised September 1994)
- Background Note
Commercializing Technology: Imaginative Understanding of User Needs
The transformation of technology into commercially successful products is a process fraught with risk and uncertainty, and increasing pressure on time to market is exacerbating the difficulties. This note first describes a study conducted by Hewlett-Packard to improve... View Details
Keywords: Transformation; Communication Strategy; Customers; Design; Marketing; Consumer Behavior; Product Development; Research; Risk and Uncertainty; Commercialization; Technology Adoption
Leonard, Dorothy A. "Commercializing Technology: Imaginative Understanding of User Needs." Harvard Business School Background Note 694-102, June 1994. (Revised September 1994.)
- 26 Oct 2016
- News
Case Study: How Much Should a New CEO Shake Things Up?
- 31 Jul 2024
- Video
Ed Freeman: Can capitalism adapt to serve a changing world?
- Web
Events - Business History
transcripts and video materials for teaching in different institutional contexts in Europe, India, Latin America, and the United States. Each session included time for discussion and debate, as the conference sought to lay the foundation... View Details
- 01 Jun 2024
- News
Again and Again
Good habits help keep us on track and in good health, but rituals animate us. They are the emotional catalysts that enhance an ordinary day or make special occasions memorable. When we survey romantic couples, we find a lot of them have little rituals. One couple... View Details
- 25 Jun 2012
- Research & Ideas
Collaborating Across Cultures
other person necessarily even realizing it. A Learnable Habit The good news is that cultural metacognition is not fixed, but rather it is a mental habit that can be learned over time and through different circumstances. "People who have a... View Details
Keywords: by Michael Blanding
- 16 Apr 2001
- Research & Ideas
Strategy and the Internet
applications makes it more difficult to sustain operational advantages than ever. In previous generations of information technology, application development was often complex, arduous, time consuming, and hugely expensive. These traits... View Details
Keywords: by Michael E. Porter
- 18 Oct 2022
- Research & Ideas
When Bias Creeps into AI, Managers Can Stop It by Asking the Right Questions
to change. It's so hard to monitor or fix compared to the machine. Layne: In layman's terms, how does your solution, BEAT, work? You mentioned surge pricing for car services as an example. Israeli: So, imagine we have three different variables to determine how much the... View Details
Keywords: by Rachel Layne
- 06 Feb 2020
- Research & Ideas
What We Learned from Reading Jeff Bezos’ Patents
time breaking through the corporate shields that Bezos has erected. (A former analyst recalled to us that on a trip to the company, she saw the World War II slogan “Loose Lips Sink Ships” on a bathroom wall.) So we wondered if there... View Details
- 23 Jan 2024
- News
A Wide Net
Growing up in Mumbai, Navroz Udwadia (MBA 2005) spent most of his time on the tennis court, where he was an internationally ranked athlete. Today, as cofounder and partner of Alpha Wave, a global investment group with a multibillion-dollar stake in India’s startup... View Details
Keywords: April White
- 19 Jul 2017
- Research & Ideas
Why Government 'Nudges' Motivate Good Citizen Behavior
nudges can in some cases be more than 40 times more effective than the next most effective method, a dramatic result for governments dealing with scarce resources. “If you take a particular policy objective as a given, nudges give you a... View Details
Keywords: by Michael Blanding
- Research Summary
An Uncomfortable Predictability Paradox
In predictive regressions, we test the null hypothesis that a predictor has no information about expected returns, i.e. beta equals zero. However, the literature neglects to recognize that we are testing a joint hypothesis. The maintained... View Details
- Forthcoming
- Article
Legislators' Demand for Firms' Financial Statements: Evidence from U.S. Congressional Redistricting Events
By: Matthew Ma, Jing Pan, Ethan Rouen and Laura Wellman
We investigate whether U.S. House representatives and their staff seek financial information from constituent firms to inform their legislative decisions. We exploit shifts in U.S. congressional districts (i.e., the reconfiguration of federal district lines or... View Details
Keywords: Redistricting; Lobbying; Legislators; Voting Behavior; Corporate Disclosure; Government Legislation; Voting; Behavior
Ma, Matthew, Jing Pan, Ethan Rouen, and Laura Wellman. "Legislators' Demand for Firms' Financial Statements: Evidence from U.S. Congressional Redistricting Events." Review of Accounting Studies (forthcoming). (Pre-published online July 7, 2025.)
- July–August 2025
- Article
How to Identify the Perfect Cofounder
By: Julia Austin
One of the first and most important decisions entrepreneurs make is whether to go it alone or bring on cofounders. Many investors favor startups with multiple founders, believing that a team reduces business risk by diversifying skills, sharing responsibilities, and... View Details
Austin, Julia. "How to Identify the Perfect Cofounder." Harvard Business Review 103, no. 4 (July–August 2025): 108–117.
- October 2021
- Article
Can European Electric Utilities Manage Asset Impairments Arising from Net Zero Targets?
By: Conor Hickey, John O'Brien, Ben Caldecott, Celine McInerney and Brian O' Gallachoir
This paper develops a framework to assess the ability of electric utilities to sustain the forced impairment of carbon emitting power plants and applies it to the European market. We present a new method to measure asset impairment, for both the company and the... View Details
Hickey, Conor, John O'Brien, Ben Caldecott, Celine McInerney, and Brian O' Gallachoir. "Can European Electric Utilities Manage Asset Impairments Arising from Net Zero Targets?" Art. 102075. Journal of Corporate Finance 70 (October 2021).
- November 2023
- Supplement
'Care in Every Drop': Ayala Corporation and Manila Water (B)
By: Debora L. Spar, Paul Healy, Tricia Peralta and Julia Comeau
Since 1834, eight generations of the Ayala family have used their conglomerate to fund nation-building projects in the Philippines, including investments in tramcars, telecommunications, hospitals, and schools. In 1997, Ayala’s subsidiary, Manila Water, took control of... View Details
Keywords: Family Business; Economic Growth; Social Entrepreneurship; Climate Change; Natural Resources; Crisis Management; Failure; Privatization; Social Issues; Urban Development; Adaptation; Infrastructure; Utilities Industry; Philippines
Spar, Debora L., Paul Healy, Tricia Peralta, and Julia Comeau. "'Care in Every Drop': Ayala Corporation and Manila Water (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 324-039, November 2023.
- November 2022
- Article
Impacts of Micromobility on Car Displacement with Evidence from a Natural Experiment and Geofencing Policy
By: Omar Isaac Asensio, Camila Apablaza, M. Cade Lawson, Edward W Chen and Savannah J Horner
Micromobility, such as electric scooters and electric bikes—an estimated US$300 billion global market by 2030—will accelerate electrification efforts and fundamentally change urban mobility patterns. However, the impacts of micromobility adoption on traffic congestion... View Details
Asensio, Omar Isaac, Camila Apablaza, M. Cade Lawson, Edward W Chen, and Savannah J Horner. "Impacts of Micromobility on Car Displacement with Evidence from a Natural Experiment and Geofencing Policy." Nature Energy 7, no. 11 (November 2022): 1100–1108.
- Article
Small States in an Age of Empires: The Duchy of Parma's Colonial Moment, 1750–1770
By: Arnaud Orain and Sophus A. Reinert
Often thought of as the "Athens of Italy" during the Enlightenment, and as a microcosm of the Italian peninsula and of the eighteenth century alike, the Duchy of Parma played a unique role in the culture and politics of the age. This essay focuses on its "colonial... View Details
Keywords: Duchy Of Parma; French Empire; Internal Colonization; Enlightenment; Political Economy; Small States In World Markets; Guillaume Dutillot; Étienne-François De Choiseul
Orain, Arnaud, and Sophus A. Reinert. "Small States in an Age of Empires: The Duchy of Parma's Colonial Moment, 1750–1770." Capitalism: A Journal of History and Economics 3, no. 1 (Winter 2022): 57–105.