Publications
Publications
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- All HBS Web
(3,753)
- Faculty Publications (664)
- July – August 2009
- Article
Organizational Ambidexterity: Balancing Exploitation and Exploration for Sustained Performance
By: Sebastian Raisch, Julian Birkinshaw, Gilbert Probst and Michael Tushman
Organizational ambidexterity has emerged as a new research paradigm in organization theory, yet several issues that are fundamental to this debate remain controversial. We explore four central tensions here: Should organizations achieve ambidexterity through... View Details
- 2009
- Chapter
The Principles of Embedded Liberalism: Social Legitimacy and Global Capitalism
By: Rawi Abdelal and John G. Ruggie
In this essay we revisit the principles of “embedded liberalism” and argue for their relevance to the contemporary global economy. The most essential principle is the need for markets to enjoy social legitimacy, because their political sustainability ultimately depends... View Details
- June 2009 (Revised August 2010)
- Background Note
How Institutional Investors Think About Real Estate
By: Arthur I Segel
Real estate is an increasingly important component in the portfolios of institutional investors. This note discusses the issues these investors must consider when investing in real estate from the legal forms of ownership, to separate or commingled funds, to property... View Details
- April 2009
- Case
The First Global Financial Crisis of the 21st Century
By: Laura Alfaro and Renee Kim
The global economy was expected to suffer from negative growth for the full year in 2009, a phenomenon not seen since World War II. While the U.S. subprime mortgage disaster was blamed as the original instigator, it was noted that the "global imbalances" of the U.S.... View Details
- April 2009
- Case
SAP AG: Orchestrating the Ecosystem
By: Marco Iansiti and Karim R. Lakhani
Business ecosystems require careful orchestration and strategic choices regarding make/buy/partner decisions and membership access. This case examines the strategic and technological issues related to managing SAP's thriving ecosystem of user communities, software... View Details
- March 2009 (Revised March 2011)
- Background Note
The Rejuvenated International Monetary Fund
By: Rawi E. Abdelal and Jonathan Schlefer
The International Monetary Fund was dismissed as almost irrelevant to the global economy, but during the 2008 financial crisis, it returned to center stage, providing financial rescues for developing countries. View Details
- March 2009 (Revised November 2009)
- Case
WL Ross and Plascar
By: C. Fritz Foley and Linnea Meyer
How can distressed investors take advantage of the procedures governing an international bankruptcy? Wilbur L. Ross, chairman and CEO of the private equity firm WL Ross & Co., LLC, has the opportunity to bid for debt and equity claims on Plascar Industria e Comercio... View Details
- March 2009 (Revised January 2025)
- Background Note
A Strait of Uncertainty: Taiwan's Development in the Shadow of China
By: William C. Kirby, J. Megan Greene, Tracy Yuen Manty, Daniel Fu, Yuanzhuo Wang, Noah B. Truwit and Aqib Zakaria
Relations between the People’s Republic of China (PRC), on the Chinese Mainland, and the Republic of China (ROC), on Taiwan, had improved significantly since 2008. Taiwan investment in China had played a major role in China’s economic boom in recent decades. ... View Details
- 2009
- Other Unpublished Work
Steering Monetary Policy Through Unprecedented Crises
By: David Moss and Cole Bolton
In early April 2008, economic conditions in Europe appeared to be deteriorating on almost all fronts: sales figures were falling, business and consumer confidence were slumping, forecasts for European growth were being revised downward, and inflation was rising. In... View Details
- January 2009
- Supplement
The Tip of the Iceberg: JP Morgan Chase and Bear Stearns (B2)
By: Clayton S. Rose, Daniel Baird Bergstresser and David Lane
Bear Stearns & Co burned through nearly all of its $18 billion in cash reserves during the week of March 10, 2008, and an unprecedented provision of liquidity support from the Federal Reserve on Friday March 13 was insufficient to reverse the decline in Bear's... View Details
- January 2009 (Revised November 2011)
- Case
The Tip of the Iceberg: JP Morgan Chase and Bear Stearns (A)
By: Clayton S. Rose, Daniel Baird Bergstresser and David Lane
"Bear Stearns & Co. burned through nearly all of its $18 billion in cash reserves during the week of March 10, 2008, and an unprecedented provision of liquidity support from the Federal Reserve on Friday, March 13 was insufficient to reverse the decline in Bear's... View Details
- January 2009
- Supplement
The Tip of the Iceberg: JP Morgan Chase and Bear Stearns (B1)
By: Clayton S. Rose, Daniel Baird Bergstresser and David Lane
Bear Stearns & Co burned through nearly all of its $18 billion in cash reserves during the week of March 10, 2008, and an unprecedented provision of liquidity support from the Federal Reserve on Friday March 13 was insufficient to reverse the decline in Bear's... View Details
- January 2009
- Case
Xi'an International University: The Growth of Private Universities in China
By: William C. Kirby, Michael Shih-ta Chen, Keith Chi-ho Wong and Tracy Manty
Huang Teng founded Xi'an International University (XAIU) as a private institute of higher education in 1992. Throughout its ensuing years, the school filled a niche and met the demand of students who did not test into one of China's public institutions. In 2008, it was... View Details
- 2009
- Other Unpublished Work
Heterogeneous Technology Diffusion and Ricardian Trade Patterns
By: William R. Kerr
This study tests the importance of Ricardian technology differences for international trade. The developed panel includes both emerging and advanced economies, and particular attention is devoted to the variation exploited in empirical tests. The elasticity of export... View Details
- January 2009
- Article
Multinationals as Arbitrageurs? The Effect of Stock Market Valuations on Foreign Direct Investment
By: Malcolm Baker, C. Fritz Foley and Jeffrey Wurgler
Empirical evidence of imperfect integration across world capital markets suggests a role for cross-border arbitrage by multinationals. Consistent with multinational arbitrage as a determinant of foreign direct investment (FDI) patterns, we find that FDI flows increase... View Details
- December 2008 (Revised February 2017)
- Case
Olam International
By: David E. Bell and Mary Shelman
In 20 years, Sunny Verghese had built Singapore-based Olam International from a small Nigerian export company into a $5 billion global leader in agricultural commodities with a core competence in Africa. Olam's growth had come by pursuing product and geographic... View Details
- 2008
- Chapter
Corporate Honesty and Business Education: A Behavioral Model
By: Rakesh Khurana and Herbert Gintis
Since the mid-1970s neoclassical economic theory has dominated business school thinking and teaching in dealing with the nature of human motivation. However valuable in understanding competitive product and financial markets, neoclassical economic theory employs an... View Details
- 2008
- Working Paper
International Financial Integration and Entrepreneurial Firm Activity
By: Laura Alfaro and Andrew Charlton
We explore the relation between international financial integration and the level of entrepreneurial activity in a country. We use a unique firm-level data set in a broad sample of developed and developing countries, which enables us to present both cross-country and... View Details
- October 2008
- Case
Financial Crisis in Asia: 1997-1998 (Abridged)
By: Huw Pill, Rafael M. Di Tella and Jonathan Schlefer
What caused the 1997-98 Asia Crisis: Asian nations' poor economic management, international financial contagion, close "crony" relations between local politicians and capitalists? This case examines how the crisis erupted in Thailand and spread in a chain of events... View Details