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      • February 2011 (Revised October 2018)
      • Case

      ALAC International

      By: Richard S. Ruback and Royce Yudkoff
      ALAC was a small importer of specialty industrial chemicals. The case explores the different financing alternatives to facilitate the company's explosive growth in working capital. At the end of 2009, the company was awarded the United States distributorship for the... View Details
      Keywords: Working Capital; Growth Management; Financing and Loans; Chemical Industry
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      Ruback, Richard S., and Royce Yudkoff. "ALAC International." Harvard Business School Case 211-065, February 2011. (Revised October 2018.)
      • 2016
      • Working Paper

      Delay as Agenda Setting

      By: James J. Anton and Dennis A. Yao
      We examine a dynamic decision-making process involving unrelated issues in which a decision may be endogenously delayed by the allocation of influence resources. Delay is strategically interesting when decision makers with asymmetric preferences face multiple issues... View Details
      Keywords: Decision Making; Resource Allocation; Conflict of Interests; Power and Influence; Strategy
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      Anton, James J., and Dennis A. Yao. "Delay as Agenda Setting." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-082, February 2011. (Revised February 2025.)
      • January 2011
      • Case

      The Risk-Reward Framework at Morgan Stanley Research

      By: Suraj Srinivasan and David Lane
      The case describes the Risk-Reward framework that Morgan Stanley analysts use as a systematic approach to communicate a broader range of fundamental insights about a company rather than the traditional single point estimates. The goal of the framework is to focus the... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Statements; Forecasting and Prediction; Equity; Framework; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Risk Management; Business Processes; Research; Valuation
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      Srinivasan, Suraj, and David Lane. "The Risk-Reward Framework at Morgan Stanley Research." Harvard Business School Case 111-011, January 2011.
      • 2011
      • Article

      'Deprival Value' vs. 'Fair Value' Measurement for Contract Liabilities: How to Resolve the 'Revenue Recognition' Conundrum

      By: Joanne Horton, Richard H. Macve and George Serafeim
      Revenue recognition and measurement principles can conflict with liability recognition and measurement principles. We explore here under different market conditions when the two measurement approaches coincide and when they conflict. We show that where entities expect... View Details
      Keywords: Fair Value; Deprival Value; Contract Liabilities; Fair Value Accounting; Measurement and Metrics; Profit; Revenue Recognition; Assets; Performance Evaluation; Contracts
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      Horton, Joanne, Richard H. Macve, and George Serafeim. "'Deprival Value' vs. 'Fair Value' Measurement for Contract Liabilities: How to Resolve the 'Revenue Recognition' Conundrum." Accounting and Business Research 41, no. 5 (2011): 491–514.
      • 2011
      • Book

      Being the Boss: The 3 Imperatives for Becoming a Great Leader

      By: Linda A. Hill and Kent Lineback
      You never dreamed being the boss would be so hard. You're caught in a web of conflicting expectations from subordinates, your supervisor, peers, and customers. You're constantly fighting fires. You're mired in office politics. You end each day exhausted and... View Details
      Keywords: Management; Leadership; Management Skills; Employee Relationship Management; Personal Development and Career; Groups and Teams; Social and Collaborative Networks
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      Hill, Linda A., and Kent Lineback. Being the Boss: The 3 Imperatives for Becoming a Great Leader. Harvard Business Review Press, 2011.
      • January – February 2011
      • Article

      Benchmarks as Limits to Arbitrage: Understanding the Low-Volatility Anomaly

      By: Malcolm Baker, Brendan Bradley and Jeffrey Wurgler
      Contrary to basic finance principles, high-beta and high-volatility stocks have long underperformed low-beta and low-volatility stocks. This anomaly may be partly explained by the fact that the typical institutional investor's mandate to beat a fixed benchmark... View Details
      Keywords: Volatility; Stocks; Investment Return; Investment Portfolio; Risk Management; Performance Expectations
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      Baker, Malcolm, Brendan Bradley, and Jeffrey Wurgler. "Benchmarks as Limits to Arbitrage: Understanding the Low-Volatility Anomaly." Financial Analysts Journal 67, no. 1 (January–February 2011).
      • 2012
      • Working Paper

      Issuer Quality and Corporate Bond Returns

      By: Robin Greenwood and Samuel G. Hanson
      We show that the credit quality of corporate debt issuers deteriorates during credit booms, and that this deterioration forecasts low excess returns to corporate bondholders. The key insight is that changes in the pricing of credit risk disproportionately affect the... View Details
      Keywords: Price; Credit; Risk and Uncertainty; Investment Return; Forecasting and Prediction; Bonds; Market Design; Cost of Capital; Mathematical Methods; System Shocks
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      Greenwood, Robin, and Samuel G. Hanson. "Issuer Quality and Corporate Bond Returns." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-065, January 2011. (Revised September 2012, Internet Appendix Here.)
      • 2011
      • Teaching Note

      Juner New Materials: On the Road to IPO (TN)

      By: F. Warren McFarlan, Donglin Xia, Ning Jia and Ziqian Zhao
      Juner New Materials (Juner) is a private China-based company that develops, produces, and distributes modified plastic compounds. Founded in 1995 by female serial entrepreneur Xiaomin Chen, Juner has exhibited strong performance and growth potential in the past fifteen... View Details
      Keywords: Emerging Markets; Entrepreneurship; Financial Statements; IPO; Valuation; Women Executives; China; Plastics; China
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      McFarlan, F. Warren, Donglin Xia, Ning Jia, and Ziqian Zhao. "Juner New Materials: On the Road to IPO (TN)." Tsinghua University Teaching Note, 2011.
      • 2011
      • Working Paper

      Naiveté and Cynicism in Negotiations and Other Competitive Contexts

      By: Chia-Jung Tsay, Lisa L. Shu and Max Bazerman
      A wealth of literature documents how the common failure to think about the self-interests of others contributes to suboptimal outcomes. Yet sometimes, an excess of cynicism appears to lead us to over-think the actions of others and make negative attributions about... View Details
      Keywords: Decision Choices and Conditions; Negotiation; Behavior; Cognition and Thinking; Perspective; Trust; Competitive Strategy; Competitive Advantage
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      Tsay, Chia-Jung, Lisa L. Shu, and Max Bazerman. "Naiveté and Cynicism in Negotiations and Other Competitive Contexts." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-066, January 2011. (Revised May 2011.)
      • Article

      Temporal View of the Costs and Benefits of Self-Deception

      By: Zoe Chance, Michael I. Norton, Francesca Gino and Dan Ariely
      Researchers have documented many cases in which individuals rationalize their regrettable actions. Four experiments examine situations in which people go beyond merely explaining away their misconduct to actively deceiving themselves. We find that those who exploit... View Details
      Keywords: Hindsight Bias; Lying; Motivated Reasoning; Self-enhancement; Social Psychology; Perception; Performance Expectations
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      Chance, Zoe, Michael I. Norton, Francesca Gino, and Dan Ariely. "Temporal View of the Costs and Benefits of Self-Deception." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108, no. S3 (September 13, 2011): 15655–15659.
      • Article

      Values, Purpose, Meaning, and Expectations: Why Culture and Context Matter

      By: Rosabeth M. Kanter
      The "rational person" standard, based on assumptions of economic self-interest, has long prevailed in legal reasoning. But understanding of decision making, behavioral choices, and possibilities for action must be enlarged to include a variety of factors that give... View Details
      Keywords: Standards; Interests; Decision Making; Behavior; Value; Groups and Teams; Performance Expectations; Organizational Culture; Leadership; Business Cycles; Forecasting and Prediction; Motivation and Incentives
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      Kanter, Rosabeth M. "Values, Purpose, Meaning, and Expectations: Why Culture and Context Matter." Alabama Law Review 62, no. 5 (2011).
      • December 2010 (Revised February 2012)
      • Case

      Yum! China

      By: David E. Bell and Mary Shelman
      Since the first KFC opened in China in 1987, Yum--under Sam Su's leadership--had built the largest restaurant company by far in mainland China. Averaging one new restaurant opening a day for the past five years, in 2010 Yum ran over 3,600 restaurants in 650 cities and... View Details
      Keywords: Business Processes; Business or Company Management; Growth and Development Strategy; Strategy; Business Strategy; Food and Beverage Industry; Beijing Shi
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      Bell, David E., and Mary Shelman. "Yum! China." Harvard Business School Case 511-040, December 2010. (Revised February 2012.)
      • 2010
      • Working Paper

      Cognitive Barriers to Environmental Action: Problems and Solutions

      By: Lisa L. Shu and Max Bazerman
      We explore interventions at the individual level and focus on recognized cognitive barriers from behavioral decision-making literature. In particular, we highlight three cognitive barriers that impede sound individual decision making that have particular relevance to... View Details
      Keywords: Decision Choices and Conditions; Judgments; Consumer Behavior; Environmental Sustainability; Cognition and Thinking; Prejudice and Bias
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      Shu, Lisa L., and Max Bazerman. "Cognitive Barriers to Environmental Action: Problems and Solutions." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-046, November 2010.
      • October 2010 (Revised November 2010)
      • Case

      The Export-Import Bank of the United States

      By: C. Fritz Foley and Matthew Johnson
      In the fall of 2009, Fred Hochberg, chairman of the Export-Import Bank of the United States (Ex-Im), and his team struggled to find a way to help finance the sale of Boeing aircraft to Emirates. Ex-Im responds to the challenges in the credit market with an innovative... View Details
      Keywords: Trade; Credit; Financing and Loans; International Finance; Banking Industry; United States
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      Foley, C. Fritz, and Matthew Johnson. "The Export-Import Bank of the United States." Harvard Business School Case 211-032, October 2010. (Revised November 2010.)
      • October 2010
      • Supplement

      The Export-Import Bank of the United States (CW)

      By: C. Fritz Foley and Matthew Johnson
      In the fall of 2009, Fred Hochberg, Chairman of The Export-Import Bank of the United States (Ex-Im), and his team struggled to find a way to help finance the sale of Boeing aircraft to Emirates. Ex-Im responds to the challenges in credit market with an innovative... View Details
      Keywords: Trade; Cost Management; Credit; Financing and Loans; Innovation and Invention; Markets; Problems and Challenges; Sales; Banking Industry; United Arab Emirates; United States
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      Foley, C. Fritz, and Matthew Johnson. "The Export-Import Bank of the United States (CW)." Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 211-705, October 2010.
      • 2010
      • Working Paper

      Valuation When Cash Flow Forecasts Are Biased

      By: Richard S. Ruback
      This paper focuses adaptations to the discount cash flow (DCF) method when valuing forecasted cash flows that are biased measures of expected cash flows. I imagine a simple setting where the expected cash flows equal the forecasted cash flows plus an omitted downside.... View Details
      Keywords: Forecasting and Prediction; Cash Flow; Cost of Capital; Performance Expectations; Prejudice and Bias; Valuation
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      Ruback, Richard S. "Valuation When Cash Flow Forecasts Are Biased." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-036, October 2010.
      • September 2010
      • Case

      Merck: Investing in Science-Based Business (Abridged)

      By: Ananth Raman and Inga Katharina Maurer
      Ray Gilmartin faces a dilemma. His company's credibility has been damaged by the recent withdrawal of Vioxx, a multi-billion dollar drug. Moreover, the withdrawal of Vioxx would imply that Merck would fail to meet analysts' earnings expectations for 2005 unless... View Details
      Keywords: Factories, Labs, and Plants; Cost Management; Production; Research and Development
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      Raman, Ananth, and Inga Katharina Maurer. "Merck: Investing in Science-Based Business (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 611-027, September 2010.
      • September 2010
      • Case

      NetApp

      By: Das Narayandas and Elizabeth A. Kind
      NetApp had undertaken an award-winning overhaul and upgrading of its channel strategy design that accounted for 46 percent of North America sales in 2006. Nonetheless, NetApp senior management announced they expected to grow revenue another 30% in fiscal 2007 with half... View Details
      Keywords: Advertising; Business Model; Design; Revenue; Planning; Problems and Challenges; Sales; Manufacturing Industry; Computer Industry; Information Technology Industry
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      Narayandas, Das, and Elizabeth A. Kind. "NetApp." Harvard Business School Case 511-058, September 2010.
      • fall 2010
      • Article

      Lawsuits and Empire: On the Enforcement of Sovereign Debt in Latin America

      By: Faisal Z. Ahmed, Laura Alfaro and Noel Maurer
      The re-occurring phenomenon of sovereign default has prompted an enormous theoretical and empirical literature. Most of this research has focused on why countries ever chose to pay their debts (or why private creditors ever expected repayment). The problem originates... View Details
      Keywords: Lawsuits and Litigation; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Sovereign Finance; Borrowing and Debt; Debt Securities; Motivation and Incentives; Markets; Equity; Banking Industry; Latin America
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      Ahmed, Faisal Z., Laura Alfaro, and Noel Maurer. "Lawsuits and Empire: On the Enforcement of Sovereign Debt in Latin America." Law and Contemporary Problems 73, no. 4 (fall 2010): 39–46.
      • 2016
      • Working Paper

      The Impact of Supplier Inventory Service Level on Retailer Demand

      By: Nathan Craig, Nicole DeHoratius and Ananth Raman
      To set inventory service levels, suppliers must understand how changes in inventory service level affect demand. We build on prior research, which uses analytical models and laboratory experiments to study the impact of a supplier's service level on demand from... View Details
      Keywords: Customer Satisfaction; Forecasting and Prediction; Learning; Consumer Behavior; Service Delivery; Performance Expectations; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Service Industry
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      Craig, Nathan, Nicole DeHoratius, and Ananth Raman. "The Impact of Supplier Inventory Service Level on Retailer Demand." Working Paper. (Revised January 2016.)
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