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Show Results For
- All HBS Web
(150)
- News (38)
- Research (77)
- Events (1)
- Multimedia (1)
- Faculty Publications (34)
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- 2023
- Working Paper
The Limits of Algorithmic Measures of Race in Studies of Outcome Disparities
By: David S. Scharfstein and Sergey Chernenko
We show that the use of algorithms to predict race has significant limitations in measuring and understanding the sources of racial disparities in finance, economics, and other contexts. First, we derive theoretically the direction and magnitude of measurement bias in... View Details
Keywords: Racial Disparity; Paycheck Protection Program; Measurement Error; AI and Machine Learning; Race; Measurement and Metrics; Equality and Inequality; Prejudice and Bias; Forecasting and Prediction; Outcome or Result
Scharfstein, David S., and Sergey Chernenko. "The Limits of Algorithmic Measures of Race in Studies of Outcome Disparities." Working Paper, April 2023.
- Article
Health Equity, Schooling Hesitancy, and the Social Determinants of Learning
By: Meira Levinson, Alan C. Geller, Joseph G. Allen and John D. Macomber
At least 62 million K-12 students in North America—disproportionately low-income children of color— have been physically out of school for over a year due to the COVID-19 pandemic. These children are at risk of significant academic, social, mental, and physical harm... View Details
Keywords: COVID-19; Public Health; Air Quality; Social Determinants Of Health; Schooling Hesitancy; Vaccine Hesitancy; Racial Injustice; Inequity; Inequality; Health Pandemics; Education; Health Care and Treatment; Policy; Race; Equality and Inequality
Levinson, Meira, Alan C. Geller, Joseph G. Allen, and John D. Macomber. "Health Equity, Schooling Hesitancy, and the Social Determinants of Learning." Art. 100032. Lancet Regional Health – Americas 2 (October 2021).
- 02 Aug 2020
- Working Paper Summaries
Discrimination, Disenfranchisement and African American WWII Military Enlistment
Keywords: by Nancy Qian and Marco Tabellini
- September 2013
- Article
Status Boundary Enforcement and the Categorization of Black-White Biracials
By: Arnold K. Ho, Jim Sidanius, Amy J.C. Cuddy and Mahzarin R. Banaji
Individuals who qualify equally for membership in more than one racial group are not judged as belonging equally to both of their parent groups, but instead are seen as belonging more to their lower status parent group. Why? The present paper begins to establish the... View Details
Keywords: Hypodescent; Social Dominance Orientation; Intergroup Threat; Hierarchy Maintenance; Equality and Inequality; Race; Rank and Position; Attitudes; Identity
Ho, Arnold K., Jim Sidanius, Amy J.C. Cuddy, and Mahzarin R. Banaji. "Status Boundary Enforcement and the Categorization of Black-White Biracials." Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 49, no. 5 (September 2013): 940–943.
- 08 Aug 2023
- Research & Ideas
Black Employees Not Only Earn Less, But Deal with Bad Bosses and Poor Conditions
conditions. While such reviews are published anonymously, Zhang cross-referenced the data with a government database from the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission that lists the racial percentages of... View Details
Keywords: by Michael Blanding
- 01 Mar 2021
- Research & Ideas
How Systemic Racism Can Threaten National Security
expect an equal contribution from your citizens, all citizens must be treated equally,” says Tabellini. “It reveals the costs for society as a whole if you don’t.” Despite the national reckoning in the United States after the killing of... View Details
Keywords: by Rachel Layne
- September 2021
- Article
Shaking Things Up: Disruptive Events and Inequality
By: Letian Zhang
This paper develops a theory of how disruptive events could reduce racial and gender inequality in organizations. Despite pressure from regulators and advocates, racial and gender inequality in the workplace remains high. I theorize that because such inequality is... View Details
Keywords: Inequality; Equality and Inequality; Diversity; Race; Gender; Restructuring; Mergers and Acquisitions; Disruption
Zhang, Letian. "Shaking Things Up: Disruptive Events and Inequality." American Journal of Sociology 127, no. 2 (September 2021): 376–440.
- 25 Apr 2018
- Research & Ideas
We May Have Taken Too Much Credit for Easing Workplace Segregation
management ranks. Koning and Ferguson took a broader approach. They reviewed data collected by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission between 1971 and 2014, determining the racial makeup of every large... View Details
Keywords: by Dina Gerdeman
- 2019
- Article
Fair Algorithms for Learning in Allocation Problems
By: Hadi Elzayn, Shahin Jabbari, Christopher Jung, Michael J Kearns, Seth Neel, Aaron Leon Roth and Zachary Schutzman
Settings such as lending and policing can be modeled by a centralized agent allocating a scarce resource (e.g. loans or police officers) amongst several groups, in order to maximize some objective (e.g. loans given that are repaid, or criminals that are apprehended).... View Details
Elzayn, Hadi, Shahin Jabbari, Christopher Jung, Michael J Kearns, Seth Neel, Aaron Leon Roth, and Zachary Schutzman. "Fair Algorithms for Learning in Allocation Problems." Proceedings of the Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (2019): 170–179.
- 02 Jan 2024
- Cold Call Podcast
Should Businesses Take a Stand on Societal Issues?
Keywords: Re: Hubert Joly
- 2020
- Working Paper
Do Lenders Still Discriminate? A Robust Approach for Assessing Differences in Menus
By: David Hao Zhang and Paul Willen
We use a new methodology to assess mortgage pricing discrimination by race. We make four main contributions. First, we show that existing estimates of mortgage pricing differences by race can be confounded by a "menu problem," which is the problem associated with... View Details
Keywords: Mortgages; Financing and Loans; Prejudice and Bias; Race; Measurement and Metrics; Banking Industry; United States
Zhang, David Hao, and Paul Willen. "Do Lenders Still Discriminate? A Robust Approach for Assessing Differences in Menus." Working Paper, September 2020.
- Fall, 2024
- Article
Sixty Years of the Voting Rights Act: Progress and Pitfalls
By: Andrea Bernini, Giovanni Facchini, Marco Tabellini and Cecilia Testa
We review the literature on the effects of the 1965 Voting Rights Act (VRA), which removed formal restrictions to Black political participation. After a brief description of racial discrimination suffered by Black Americans since Reconstruction, we introduce the goals... View Details
Keywords: Prejudice and Bias; Equality and Inequality; Race; Political Elections; Voting; Policy; Outcome or Result; Government Legislation
Bernini, Andrea, Giovanni Facchini, Marco Tabellini, and Cecilia Testa. "Sixty Years of the Voting Rights Act: Progress and Pitfalls." Oxford Review of Economic Policy 40, no. 3 (Fall, 2024): 486–497.
- May 2025
- Article
Workplace Segregation Between College and Non-college Workers
By: Francis Dillon, Edward L. Glaeser and William Kerr
We measure the level and growth of education segregation in American workplaces from 2000 to 2020.
American workplaces show an educational segregation, measured by the degree to which the establishment
has mostly workers of similar education levels, that is... View Details
Dillon, Francis, Edward L. Glaeser, and William Kerr. "Workplace Segregation Between College and Non-college Workers." AEA Papers and Proceedings 115 (May 2025): 139–145.
- November 2024
- Case
Demond Martin and WellWithAll
By: Hise Gibson, Archie L. Jones and Ai-Ling Jamila Malone
This case study chronicles the transformative entrepreneurial path of Demond Martin, co-founder and CEO of WellWithAll, a health and wellness startup. Motivated by a pivotal life experience and deep concern for racial health inequities, Martin transitions from a... View Details
Keywords: Customers; Diversity; Ethnicity; Race; Health; Recruitment; Leadership Style; Management Style; Brands and Branding; Marketing Strategy; Product Launch; Product Positioning; Organizational Culture; Mission and Purpose; Relationships; Trust; Business Strategy; Competitive Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Investment; Business Startups; Transition; Entrepreneurship; Equality and Inequality; Consumer Products Industry; Retail Industry; Health Industry; United States; Chicago; Boston; Atlanta; North Carolina; District of Columbia
Gibson, Hise, Archie L. Jones, and Ai-Ling Jamila Malone. "Demond Martin and WellWithAll." Harvard Business School Case 625-041, November 2024.
- March 2024
- Article
Differences in Care Team Response to Patient Portal Messages by Patient Race and Ethnicity
By: Mitchell Tang, Rebecca Mishuris, Lily Payvandi and Ariel Dora Stern
Importance: The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with substantial growth in patient portal messaging. Higher message volumes have largely persisted, reflecting a new normal. Prior work has documented lower message use by patients who belong to minoritized racial... View Details
Keywords: Health Pandemics; Technology Adoption; Prejudice and Bias; Equality and Inequality; Communication Technology; Race; Ethnicity; Health Industry
Tang, Mitchell, Rebecca Mishuris, Lily Payvandi, and Ariel Dora Stern. "Differences in Care Team Response to Patient Portal Messages by Patient Race and Ethnicity." JAMA Network Open 7, no. 3 (March 2024).
- November 2017 (Revised September 2020)
- Supplement
Miami's Tech Future (C): Reaching Another Miami
The effects of Miami’s startup scene have not reached many “left-behind” lower-income Black communities, which are disproportionately affected by problems such as segregation and racial discrimination, lack of transportation access, crime, education quality, government... View Details
Keywords: Technology; Change; Transformation; Progress; Scaling; Startup; Community Engagement; Community Impact; Community Relations; Future; Income Inequality; Business; Change Management; Business Startups; Information Technology; Diversity; Race; Equality and Inequality; Social Issues; Business and Community Relations; Miami; Florida
Kanter, Rosabeth Moss. "Miami's Tech Future (C): Reaching Another Miami." Harvard Business School Supplement 318-035, November 2017. (Revised September 2020.)
- September 2020
- Teaching Note
Miami's Tech Future (C): Reaching Another Miami
By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Joyce J. Kim
The effects of Miami’s startup scene have not reached many “left-behind” lower-income Black communities, which are disproportionately affected by problems such as segregation and racial discrimination, lack of transportation access, crime, education quality, government... View Details
Keywords: Technology; Change; Transformation; Progress; Community; Scaling; Income Inequality; Racism; Community Impact; Community Relations; Change Management; Business Startups; Information Technology; Diversity; Race; Equality and Inequality; Social Issues; Business and Community Relations; Miami; Florida
- 06 Jul 2012
- Working Paper Summaries
Looking Up and Looking Out: Career Mobility Effects of Demographic Similarity among Professionals
- April 2010 (Revised September 2011)
- Case
Malaysia: People First?
By: Diego A. Comin and John Abraham
On March 30, 2010, Prime Minister Najib Razak presented his new economic model (NEM) for Malaysia. With the goal of raising per capita income to over $15,000 by 2020 from the current level of $6,634, the plan included measures to improve human capital, reduce migration... View Details
Keywords: Globalized Economies and Regions; Problems and Challenges; Crime and Corruption; Developing Countries and Economies; Development Economics; Emerging Markets; Transformation; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Wealth and Poverty; Equality and Inequality; Malaysia
Comin, Diego A., and John Abraham. "Malaysia: People First?" Harvard Business School Case 710-033, April 2010. (Revised September 2011.)
- July 3, 2025
- Article
A New Framework for Reducing Healthcare Disparities
By: Susanna Gallani, Mary Lynch Witkowski, Lidia M. V. R. Moura and Katie Sonnefeldt
Despite decades of initiatives to address healthcare inequities in the U.S., disparities across race, gender, geography, and income remain stubbornly persistent. This article introduces the Strategic Fingerprint Framework for Health Equity, a practical, principle-based... View Details
Keywords: Equality and Inequality; Demographics; Outcome or Result; Health Care and Treatment; Framework; Health Industry
Gallani, Susanna, Mary Lynch Witkowski, Lidia M. V. R. Moura, and Katie Sonnefeldt. "A New Framework for Reducing Healthcare Disparities." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (July 3, 2025).