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  • 31 Mar 2010
  • Working Paper Summaries

When Open Architecture Beats Closed: The Entrepreneurial Use of Architectural Knowledge

Keywords: by Carliss Y. Baldwin
  • Research Summary

Microwedges: Challenging power one small opening at a time [Dissertation, job market paper]

Based on a 31-month qualitative inductive study of multidisciplinary change teams, I introduce the concept of the “microwedge”—a small action or series of actions by team members that allows the team to examine their own assumptions so that they can begin to engage... View Details

  • 15 Dec 2006
  • Working Paper Summaries

The Business of Free Software: Enterprise Incentives, Investment, and Motivation in the Open Source Community

Keywords: by Marco Iansiti & Gregory L. Richards; Video Game; Web Services
  • 2012
  • Working Paper

IP Modularity: Profiting from Innovation by Aligning Product Architecture with Intellectual Property

By: Joachim Henkel, Carliss Y. Baldwin and Willy C. Shih
In this paper we explain how firms seeking to take advantage of distributed innovation and outsourcing can bridge the tension between value creation and value capture by modifying the modular structure of their technical systems. Specifically, we introduce the concept... View Details
Keywords: Modularity; Value Appropriation; Distributed Innovation; Open Innovation; Strategy; Open Source Distribution; Value; Complexity; Intellectual Property
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Henkel, Joachim, Carliss Y. Baldwin, and Willy C. Shih. "IP Modularity: Profiting from Innovation by Aligning Product Architecture with Intellectual Property." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 13-012, August 2012. (Revised November 2012.)
  • Summer 2013
  • Article

IP Modularity: Profiting from Innovation by Aligning Product Architecture with Intellectual Property

By: Joachim Henkel, Carliss Y. Baldwin and Willy C. Shih
Firms seeking to take advantage of distributed innovation and outsourcing can bridge the tension between value creation and value capture by modifying the modular structure of their technical systems. Specifically, this article introduces the concept of "IP... View Details
Keywords: Modularity; Value Appropriation; Distributed Innovation; Open Innovation; Innovation Strategy; Intellectual Property; Value
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Henkel, Joachim, Carliss Y. Baldwin, and Willy C. Shih. "IP Modularity: Profiting from Innovation by Aligning Product Architecture with Intellectual Property." California Management Review 55, no. 4 (Summer 2013): 65–82.
  • 05 Jul 2006
  • Working Paper Summaries

Exploring the Structure of Complex Software Designs: An Empirical Study of Open Source and Proprietary Code

Keywords: by Alan D. MacCormack, John Rusnak & Carliss Y. Baldwin; Video Game; Web Services
  • Article

The Translucent Hand of Managed Ecosystems: Engaging Communities for Value Creation and Capture

By: Elizabeth J. Altman, Frank Nagle and Michael Tushman
Management research has increasingly explored the domains of ecosystems, platforms, and open/user/distributed innovation—governance structures focused on engaging with external communities. While these research areas include substantial empirical and theoretical work... View Details
Keywords: Ecosystems; Platforms; Open And User Innovation Strategy; Capabilities; Governance; Innovation Strategy; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Value Creation
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Altman, Elizabeth J., Frank Nagle, and Michael Tushman. "The Translucent Hand of Managed Ecosystems: Engaging Communities for Value Creation and Capture." Academy of Management Annals 16, no. 1 (January 2022): 70–101.
  • 03 Dec 2010
  • Working Paper Summaries

Creating Leaders: An Ontological Model

Keywords: by Werner Erhard, Michael C. Jensen & Kari L. Granger
  • 23 Jan 2024
  • Book

More Than Memes: NFTs Could Be the Next Gen Deed for a Digital World

School. Kominers, who coauthored the new book The Everything Token: How NFTs and Web3 Will Transform the Way We Buy, Sell, and Create with marketing expert and Web3 entrepreneur Steve Kaczynski, says despite all the open questions... View Details
Keywords: by Dina Gerdeman; Information Technology; Technology; Financial Services
  • 28 Jan 2008
  • Research & Ideas

Billions of Entrepreneurs in China and India

of stories about social entrepreneurs, political entrepreneurs, and others whom we study in business schools—investors, capitalists, and so on. Q: What's different about entrepreneurship in both countries? A: The extent and type of government involvement and the nature... View Details
Keywords: by Martha Lagace
  • 03 Oct 2011
  • Research & Ideas

Transforming Manufacturing Waste into Profit

It's been said that "one man's trash is another man's treasure." HBS Assistant Professor Deishin Lee, however, has taken that old adage a step further in her recent working paper Turning Waste into By-Product by showing how it's possible for companies to turn... View Details
Keywords: by Michael Blanding; Manufacturing
  • 15 Oct 2009
  • Working Paper Summaries

Mixed Source

Keywords: by Ramon Casadesus-Masanell & Gastón Llanes; Technology
  • August 1992 (Revised June 1993)
  • Case

Euro Disney: The First 100 Days

By: Gary W. Loveman and Leonard A. Schlesinger
The Walt Disney Co. theme parks historically have thrived on the basis of a formula stressing excellent customer service and a magnificent physical environment. The formula has proven successful in Japan, as well as the United States. With the controversial opening of... View Details
Keywords: Multinational Firms and Management; Service Operations; Service Delivery; Corporate Strategy; Customer Focus and Relationships; Service Industry; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; Japan; France; United States
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Loveman, Gary W., and Leonard A. Schlesinger. "Euro Disney: The First 100 Days." Harvard Business School Case 693-013, August 1992. (Revised June 1993.)
  • 21 Mar 2019
  • HBS Case

The Ferrari Way

car on the market, but the best combination of the two, which makes us the most thrilling. Our concept of performance includes pleasure.” While other sports car manufacturers try to make their cars as light as possible to aid... View Details
Keywords: by Michael Blanding; Auto
  • 05 Jul 2006
  • Research & Ideas

Reinventing the Dowdy Savings Bond

percent participated, saving $606 on average. Ten percent were turned away from opening a savings account due to prior bad financial management, i.e., having a bank account closed for non-sufficient funds. "I don't believe the... View Details
Keywords: by Julia Hanna; Banking; Financial Services
  • 01 Apr 2011
  • Working Paper Summaries

When Power Makes Others Speechless: The Negative Impact of Leader Power on Team Performance

Keywords: by Leigh Plunkett Tost, Francesca Gino & Richard P. Larrick
  • 2012
  • Working Paper

Modularity and Organizations

By: Carliss Y. Baldwin
Modularity describes the degree to which a complex system can be broken apart into subunits (modules) that can be recombined in various ways. Modularity is important for organizations and the economy because the boundaries of organizational units and corporations are... View Details
Keywords: Complex Systems; Information Hiding; Loosely-coupled Systems; Mirroring; Mirroring Hypothesis; Modules; Modularity; Near-decomposable Systems; Product Architecture; Option Value; Organizational Design; Complexity
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Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Modularity and Organizations." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 13-046, November 2012. (To appear in the Elsevier International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2nd edition; available on request to the author.)
  • 13 Nov 2019
  • Research & Ideas

Don't Turn Your Marketing Function Over to AI Just Yet

this hybrid approach is allowing companies to replace traditional customer interviews and focus groups, according to Amano and his colleagues. Understanding what prompts a customer to purchase a product—a concept known as attribution—is... View Details
Keywords: by Kristen Senz
  • 15 Jan 2007
  • Research & Ideas

The Business of Free Software

IT vendors including Oracle, IBM, and Sun that traditionally have built offerings based on proprietary technologies are now investing billions of dollars into open source software—arrangements that are transforming in some ways the... View Details
Keywords: by Julia Hanna; Computer
  • 15 Feb 2022
  • Book

When Working Harder Doesn’t Work, Time to Reinvent Your Career

Similarly, you may notice that with age, people are better at combining and utilizing complex ideas. In other words, they may not be able to come up with shiny new inventions or solve problems quickly like in the old days. But they get much better at using the View Details
Keywords: by Avery Forman
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