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Show Results For
- All HBS Web
(301)
- News (23)
- Research (239)
- Events (6)
- Multimedia (1)
- Faculty Publications (99)
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- 09 Jan 2014
- Working Paper Summaries
Economic Transition and Private-Sector Labor Demand: Evidence from Urban China
- April 2013 (Revised February 2018)
- Case
Norway: The Embarrassment of Riches
By: Sophus A. Reinert, Forest Reinhardt and Senny Munthe-Kaas
In early 2013, Norway was by many accounts the world’s most developed country; it topped various indices for everything from democracy to happiness, had a comprehensive welfare state, and massive oil revenues endowed it with a substantial, and growing, Sovereign Wealth... View Details
Keywords: Sovereign Wealth Funds; Welfare State; Natural Resources; Internationalization; Dutch Disease; Happiness; Macroeconomics; Energy Sources; Values and Beliefs; Sovereign Finance; Immigration; Welfare; Energy Industry; Norway
Reinert, Sophus A., Forest Reinhardt, and Senny Munthe-Kaas. "Norway: The Embarrassment of Riches." Harvard Business School Case 713-061, April 2013. (Revised February 2018.)
- Article
An Exploration of Optimal Stabilization Policy
By: N. Gregory Mankiw and Matthew C. Weinzierl
This paper examines the optimal response of monetary and fiscal policy to a decline in aggregate demand. The theoretical framework is a two-period general equilibrium model in which prices are sticky in the short-run and flexible in the long-run. Policy is evaluated by... View Details
Keywords: Fiscal Policy; Monetary Policy; Economic Models; Aggregate Demand; Demand and Consumers; Money; Mathematical Methods; Taxation; Spending; Policy; Welfare; Household; Economic Slowdown and Stagnation
Mankiw, N. Gregory, and Matthew C. Weinzierl. "An Exploration of Optimal Stabilization Policy." Brookings Papers on Economic Activity (Spring 2011). (Also Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-113, May 2011 and NBER Working Paper Series, No. 17029, May 2011.)
- March 2024 (Revised September 2024)
- Case
Norway: An Embarrassment of Riches
By: Sophus A. Reinert, Forest Reinhardt and Jens-Henrik Munthe-Kaas
- December 2012
- Article
The Microwork Solution: A New Approach to Outsourcing Can Support Economic Development—and Add to Your Bottom Line
By: Francesca Gino and Bradely R. Staats
What's the best way to lift people out of poverty? The social entrepreneurs in the new "impact sourcing" industry believe the answer is providing work, not aid. Their organizations hire people at the bottom of the pyramid to perform digital tasks such as transcribing... View Details
Keywords: Outsourcing; Job Cuts and Outsourcing; Nonprofit Organizations; Partners and Partnerships; Development Economics; Social Entrepreneurship; Welfare; Cooperation; San Francisco
Gino, Francesca, and Bradely R. Staats. "The Microwork Solution: A New Approach to Outsourcing Can Support Economic Development—and Add to Your Bottom Line." Harvard Business Review 90, no. 12 (December 2012): 92–96.
- 2019
- Working Paper
U.S. Antitrust Law and Policy in Historical Perspective
By: Laura Phillips Sawyer
The key pieces of antitrust legislation in the United States—the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 and the Clayton Act of 1914—contain broad language that has afforded the courts wide latitude in interpreting and enforcing the law. This article chronicles the judiciary’s... View Details
Keywords: Antitrust; Trusts; Restraint Of Trade; Merger; Cartel; New Deal; Harvard School; Chicago School Of Law And Economics; Post-Chicago; Law; Competition; Policy; Vertical Integration; Horizontal Integration; Acquisition
Phillips Sawyer, Laura. "U.S. Antitrust Law and Policy in Historical Perspective." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-110, May 2019. (Revised September 2019.)
- May 1989 (Revised June 1990)
- Case
Great Britain: Decline or Renewal?
Focuses on the origins of economic decline and the problems of economic management in Great Britain, the oldest industrial state. Reviews the formation of macroeconomic policy, welfare policy, and industrial policy in the postwar period. Examines Prime Minister... View Details
Goodman, John B. "Great Britain: Decline or Renewal?" Harvard Business School Case 389-011, May 1989. (Revised June 1990.)
- March 2000 (Revised April 2001)
- Case
Menem and the Populist Tradition in Argentina
By: Rafael M. Di Tella and Eliseo Neuman
Argentina has flourished under a fixed exchange rate system, yet there are large income and employment fluctuations. The social cost of unemployment is threatening the viability of the economic model. Building a welfare state is one alternative, but this may be a... View Details
Keywords: History; Governance; Job Cuts and Outsourcing; Employment; Currency Exchange Rate; Welfare; Government Administration; Government and Politics; Argentina
Di Tella, Rafael M., and Eliseo Neuman. "Menem and the Populist Tradition in Argentina." Harvard Business School Case 700-061, March 2000. (Revised April 2001.)
- 27 Jun 2016
- Working Paper Summaries
Fiscal Rules and Sovereign Default
- 14 Dec 2010
- Working Paper Summaries
Regulating for Legitimacy: Consumer Credit Access in France and America
Keywords: by Gunnar Trumbull
- Article
Optimal Taxation When Children's Abilities Depend on Parents' Resources
By: Alexander Gelber and Matthew Weinzierl
Empirical research suggests that parents' economic resources affect their children's future earnings abilities. Optimal tax policy therefore treats future ability distributions as endogenous to current taxes. We model this endogeneity, calibrate the model to match... View Details
Gelber, Alexander, and Matthew Weinzierl. "Optimal Taxation When Children's Abilities Depend on Parents' Resources." National Tax Journal 69, no. 1 (March 2016): 11–40. (Winner, Richard A. Musgrave prize for best paper published in the NTJ.
Also HBS Working Paper 13-014 and NBER Working Paper 18332.)
- May 1998
- Article
Market Structure, Innovation and Vertical Product Differentiation
By: Shane Greenstein and Garey Ramey
We reassess Arrow's (1962) [Economic Welfare and the Allocation of Resources for Invention, in NBER, The Rate and Direction of Innovative Activity (Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ)] results concerning the effect of market structure on the returns from process... View Details
Greenstein, Shane, and Garey Ramey. "Market Structure, Innovation and Vertical Product Differentiation." International Journal of Industrial Organization 16, no. 3 (May 1998): 285–311.
- September 1999
- Case
New Zealand: The Wonder Down Under
By: Willis M. Emmons III and Kevin W. W. Glasgow
Long regarded as the most extensive welfare state among the world's industrialized nations, New Zealand embarked on a strategy of radical economic reform/liberalization following a severe foreign exchange crisis in 1984. This case examines the initial reform strategy... View Details
Emmons, Willis M., III, and Kevin W. W. Glasgow. "New Zealand: The Wonder Down Under." Harvard Business School Case 700-022, September 1999.
- February 2016
- Article
Positive and Normative Judgments Implicit in U.S. Tax Policy, and the Costs of Unequal Growth and Recessions
By: Benjamin B. Lockwood and Matthew Weinzierl
Calculating the welfare implications of changes to economic policy or shocks to the economy requires economists to decide on a normative criterion. One way to make that decision is to elicit the relevant moral criteria from real-world policy choices, converting a... View Details
Lockwood, Benjamin B., and Matthew Weinzierl. "Positive and Normative Judgments Implicit in U.S. Tax Policy, and the Costs of Unequal Growth and Recessions." Journal of Monetary Economics 77 (February 2016): 30–47. (Also Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-119, June 2014.)
- 2025
- Working Paper
Turning Away from the State: Trade Shocks and Informal Insurance in Brazil
By: Paula Rettl
How does economic globalization affect vote choices? Conventional wisdom holds that voters who lose from economic integration support parties that propose expanding the welfare state. However, in the Global South, where the state is frequently weak or under-resourced,... View Details
Keywords: Brazil; South America; Globalization; Global Strategy; Globalized Economies and Regions; Governance; Government and Politics; Government Administration; Latin America
Rettl, Paula. "Turning Away from the State: Trade Shocks and Informal Insurance in Brazil." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-038, February 2025.
- April 2015 (Revised October 2024)
- Case
The German Export Engine
By: Gunnar Trumbull, Jonathan Schlefer and Sophus A. Reinert
In fall of 2018, Germany’s chancellor Angela Merkel had logged significant successes. Germany was the largest exporter in the world, had maintained low unemployment through the 2008 financial crisis, and was gradually reforming its welfare state to meet future pension... View Details
Trumbull, Gunnar, Jonathan Schlefer, and Sophus A. Reinert. "The German Export Engine." Harvard Business School Case 715-045, April 2015. (Revised October 2024.)
- 2019
- Working Paper
Fiscal Rules and Sovereign Default
By: Laura Alfaro and Fabio Kanczuk
Recurrent concerns over debt sustainability in emerging and developed nations have prompted renewed debate on the role of fiscal rules. Their optimality, however, remains unclear. We provide a quantitative analysis of fiscal rules in a standard model of sovereign debt... View Details
Alfaro, Laura, and Fabio Kanczuk. "Fiscal Rules and Sovereign Default." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-134, June 2016. (Also NBER Working Paper w23370. Revised January 2019.)
- August 2023
- Article
Can Security Design Foster Household Risk-Taking?
By: Laurent Calvet, Claire Célérier, Paolo Sodini and Boris Vallée
This paper shows that securities with a non-linear payoff design can foster household risk-taking. We demonstrate this effect empirically by exploiting the introduction of capital guarantee products in Sweden from 2002 to 2007. The fast and broad adoption of these... View Details
Keywords: Financial Innovation; Household Finance; Structured Products; Stock Market Participation; Finance; Innovation and Invention; Household; Personal Finance; Risk and Uncertainty; Behavior; Market Participation
Calvet, Laurent, Claire Célérier, Paolo Sodini, and Boris Vallée. "Can Security Design Foster Household Risk-Taking?" Journal of Finance 78, no. 4 (August 2023): 1917–1966.
- 17 Feb 2011
- Working Paper Summaries
Preference Heterogeneity and Optimal Capital Income Taxation
- July 2016
- Article
Taxation, Corruption, and Growth
By: Philippe Aghion, Ufuk Akcigit, Julia Cagé and William R. Kerr
We build an endogenous growth model to analyze the relationships between taxation, corruption, and economic growth. Entrepreneurs lie at the center of the model and face disincentive effects from taxation but acquire positive benefits from public infrastructure.... View Details
Keywords: Endogenous Growth; Public Goods; Corruption; Crime and Corruption; Entrepreneurship; Taxation; Economic Growth
Aghion, Philippe, Ufuk Akcigit, Julia Cagé, and William R. Kerr. "Taxation, Corruption, and Growth." Special Issue on The Economics of Entrepreneurship. European Economic Review 86 (July 2016): 24–51.