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- All HBS Web
(1,720)
- News (530)
- Research (837)
- Events (5)
- Multimedia (22)
- Faculty Publications (507)
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- January 1994 (Revised August 1998)
- Case
Hold or Fold?: The War of Attrition
Costly "wars of attrition" are common. Examples include: 1) the battle over the business of market-making in British government bonds that took place following the 1986 deregulation of the London financial markets, and 2) the battle that took place in the late 1980s... View Details
Keywords: Competition
Brandenburger, Adam M. "Hold or Fold?: The War of Attrition." Harvard Business School Case 794-092, January 1994. (Revised August 1998.)
- April 2022
- Case
The First Opium War and Global Free Trade
By: Jeremy Friedman and Allison Lazarus
The First Opium War (1839-1842) symbolized the peak of the era of European imperialism, with a political and cultural legacy that remains potent to this day. The British Empire, “acquired in a fit of absent-mindedness” as one observer famously claimed, seemed to be... View Details
Keywords: Imperialism; Narcotics; Importing; History; Globalized Markets and Industries; Trade; Social Issues
Friedman, Jeremy, and Allison Lazarus. "The First Opium War and Global Free Trade." Harvard Business School Case 722-052, April 2022.
- June 2025
- Case
AI Wars in 2025
By: Andy Wu and Anna Yang
In June 2025, Google leaders in Mountain View, CA convened after its parent company Alphabet shed a quarter-trillion in market capitalization in a matter of months. The immediate spark—the quiet revelation that Google searches had dipped for the first time in 20... View Details
- 20 Jan 2014
- Research & Ideas
Language Wars Divide Global Companies
more efficient, the use of such a lingua franca can add layers of complication and delay. And instead of fostering collaboration, it can create cultural fissures between employees. “It's volcanic, waiting for something to ignite it, and then it explodes” It turns out... View Details
Keywords: by Kim Girard
- 2023
- Working Paper
Point Four and the Politics of Foreign Direct Investment in the United States during the Early Cold War
By: Melanie Sheehan
This article traces business influence in the formulation of the Point Four technical assistance program, the first US Cold War-era international development program. It focuses specifically on business interest associations’ efforts to secure federal incentives to... View Details
Keywords: Point Four Program; Business Interest Association; International Development; Cold War; Foreign Direct Investment; Business History; Business and Government Relations
Sheehan, Melanie. "Point Four and the Politics of Foreign Direct Investment in the United States during the Early Cold War." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-078, June 2023.
- 2020
- Working Paper
Inventing the Endless Frontier: The Effects of the World War II Research Effort on Post-War Innovation
By: Daniel P. Gross and Bhaven N. Sampat
During World War II, the U.S. government launched an unprecedented effort to mobilize science for war: a newly-established Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD) entered thousands of R&D contracts with industrial and academic contractors, spending one to... View Details
Keywords: World War II; Vannevar Bush; OSRD; Mission-oriented R＆D; Direction Of Innovation; Geography Of Innovation; Technology Clusters; U.S. Innovation System; Innovation and Invention; Research and Development; Problems and Challenges; War; History; Government Administration; United States
Gross, Daniel P., and Bhaven N. Sampat. "Inventing the Endless Frontier: The Effects of the World War II Research Effort on Post-War Innovation." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-126, June 2020.
- March 2015 (Revised December 2015)
- Case
Coffee Wars in India: Café Coffee Day 2015
By: David B. Yoffie and Rachna Tahilyani
This case is an update of "Coffee Wars in India: Café Coffee Day 2013." It explores Café Coffee Day's progress after Starbuck's entry into India and the decisions it faces in 2015. View Details
Yoffie, David B., and Rachna Tahilyani. "Coffee Wars in India: Café Coffee Day 2015." Harvard Business School Case 715-445, March 2015. (Revised December 2015.)
- December 2010 (Revised May 2011)
- Case
Cola Wars Continue: Coke and Pepsi in 2010
By: David B. Yoffie and Renee Kim
Examines the industry structure and competitive strategy of Coca-Cola and Pepsi over 100 years of rivalry. The most intense battles of the cola wars were fought over the $74 billion CSD industry in the United States, where the average American consumes 46 gallons of... View Details
Keywords: Profit; Growth and Development Strategy; Industry Structures; Competitive Strategy; Food and Beverage Industry; United States
Yoffie, David B., and Renee Kim. "Cola Wars Continue: Coke and Pepsi in 2010." Harvard Business School Case 711-462, December 2010. (Revised May 2011.)
- November 2006 (Revised May 2007)
- Case
Hewlett-Packard Company: The War Within
By: Krishna G. Palepu, Jay W. Lorsch, Carin-Isabel Knoop and Eliot Sherman
In September 2006 it was revealed that the Hewlett-Packard Company (HP) had been carrying out an extended investigation of its own employees, board members, and journalists outside the company. The investigation was launched in response to a series of leaks to the... View Details
Keywords: Problems and Challenges; Employee Relationship Management; Corporate Accountability; Corporate Governance; Governing and Advisory Boards; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Communication Technology; Conflict and Resolution; Newspapers; Computer Industry; Information Technology Industry
Palepu, Krishna G., Jay W. Lorsch, Carin-Isabel Knoop, and Eliot Sherman. "Hewlett-Packard Company: The War Within." Harvard Business School Case 107-030, November 2006. (Revised May 2007.)
- 10 Apr 2006
- Research & Ideas
Lessons from the Browser Wars
In a famous example of how first movers can lose their advantage, second-mover Microsoft won the Web browser wars from Netscape and continues to dominate the market today. But that competition was the subject of another "war,"... View Details
- March 1988
- Article
Battlefields of the High-tech War
By: Hirotaka Takeuchi
Keywords: War
Takeuchi, Hirotaka. "Battlefields of the High-tech War." Tsūsan jānaru [Tsūsan Journal] (March 1988).
- Fall 2012
- Article
Climate Science as Culture War
By: Andrew J. Hoffman
Today, there is no doubt that a scientific consensus exists on the issue of climate change. Scientists have documented that anthropogenic sources of greenhouse gases are leading to a buildup in the atmosphere, which leads to a general warming of the global climate and... View Details
Hoffman, Andrew J. "Climate Science as Culture War." Stanford Social Innovation Review 10, no. 4 (Fall 2012): 30–37. (Winner of the 2013 Maggie Climate science as culture war Award, Best Feature Article in a Trade Journal.)
- July 1991 (Revised March 1995)
- Case
Labor Movement Between the Wars
By: Thomas K. McCraw
A vehicle for a discussion of the growth of organized labor between the World Wars. View Details
McCraw, Thomas K. "Labor Movement Between the Wars." Harvard Business School Case 391-257, July 1991. (Revised March 1995.)
- February 2019
- Teaching Note
OXXO's Turf War Against Extra
By: Tatiana Sandino, Gerardo Pérez Cavazos and Olivia Hull
- October 2000 (Revised November 2005)
- Case
Hilton HHonors Worldwide: Loyalty Wars
By: John A. Deighton and Stowe Shoemaker
Hilton Hotels regards the frequent guest program as the industry's most important marketing tool, directing marketing efforts at the heavy user. What is Hilton to do then, when a competitor ups the ante? This case illustrates the economics of frequency marketing in... View Details
Keywords: Customer Relationship Management; Decision Choices and Conditions; Brands and Branding; Competitive Strategy; Accommodations Industry
Deighton, John A., and Stowe Shoemaker. "Hilton HHonors Worldwide: Loyalty Wars." Harvard Business School Case 501-010, October 2000. (Revised November 2005.) (request a courtesy copy.)
- April 2021
- Teaching Note
Social Media War 2021: Snap vs. Facebook vs. TikTok
By: David B. Yoffie and Daniel Fisher
This teaching note provides analysis and a teaching plan for the Social Media War 2021: Snap vs. Facebook vs. TikTok case. View Details
- February 2023
- Case
Nexus Market (A): Ukraine War Ripples into Silicon Valley
By: Tsedal Neeley and Jeff Huizinga
A Silicon Valley start-up executive must navigate tensions between its Ukrainian and Russian sub-contractors as war between the two countries rages. After war erupts between Ukraine and Russia, a team of subcontracted Ukrainian software developers threatens to cut ties... View Details
Keywords: International Relations; Problems and Challenges; Conflict and Resolution; Technology Industry; United States
Neeley, Tsedal, and Jeff Huizinga. "Nexus Market (A): Ukraine War Ripples into Silicon Valley." Harvard Business School Case 423-024, February 2023.
- September 11, 2007
- Editorial
When Not to Start a War
By: A. Zelleke
Keywords: War
Zelleke, A. "When Not to Start a War." Christian Science Monitor (September 11, 2007).