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      • December 2014
      • Article

      Location Strategies for Agglomeration Economies

      By: Juan Alcácer and Wilbur Chung
      Geographically concentrated industry activity creates pools of skilled labor and specialized suppliers, and increases opportunities for knowledge spillovers. The strategic value of these agglomeration economies may vary by firm, depending upon the relative value of... View Details
      Keywords: Location Strategies; Location Choices; Agglomeration Economies; Strategy; Value Creation; Geographic Location; Industry Clusters; Microeconomics; Manufacturing Industry; United States
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      Alcácer, Juan, and Wilbur Chung. "Location Strategies for Agglomeration Economies." Strategic Management Journal 35, no. 12 (December 2014): 1749–1761.
      • 2014
      • Working Paper

      The Organizational and Geographic Drivers of Absorptive Capacity: An Empirical Analysis of Pharmaceutical R&D Laboratories

      By: Francesca Lazzeri and Gary P. Pisano
      Scholars and practitioners alike now recognize that a firm's capacity to assimilate and use know-how from external sources—what Cohen and Levinthal (1990) called "absorptive capacity"—plays a central role in innovation performance. In recent years, a common strategy... View Details
      Keywords: Geographic Location; Industry Clusters; Knowledge Acquisition; Pharmaceutical Industry; San Francisco; San Diego; Massachusetts
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      Lazzeri, Francesca, and Gary P. Pisano. "The Organizational and Geographic Drivers of Absorptive Capacity: An Empirical Analysis of Pharmaceutical R&D Laboratories." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-098, April 2014.
      • October 2013
      • Article

      Consulting on the Cusp of Disruption

      By: Clayton M. Christensen, Dina Wang and Derek C. M. van Bever
      Consulting fundamental business model has not changed in more than 100 years: very smart outsiders go into organizations for a finite period of time and recommend solutions for the most difficult problems confronting their clients. But at traditional... View Details
      Keywords: Disruptive Innovation; Consulting Industry
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      Christensen, Clayton M., Dina Wang, and Derek C. M. van Bever. "Consulting on the Cusp of Disruption." Harvard Business Review 91, no. 10 (October 2013): 106–114.
      • July 2013 (Revised November 2021)
      • Module Note

      Exploration vs. Exploitation

      By: Willy Shih
      This module note introduces James March's concept of exploration and exploitation, and the management challenge of balancing the allocation of resources to the two activities in the firm. The note also touches on the O'Reilly and Tushman paper on the ambidextrous... View Details
      Keywords: Exploration And Exploitation; Exploitation; Research; Scientific Research; Product Commercialization; Innovation and Invention; Innovation and Management; Innovation Leadership; Innovation Strategy; Technological Innovation; Knowledge Acquisition; Growth and Development Strategy; Resource Allocation; Strategic Planning; Research and Development; Science-Based Business; Corporate Strategy; Knowledge Sharing; Biotechnology Industry; Information Technology Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Medical Devices and Supplies Industry; Pharmaceutical Industry; Semiconductor Industry; Technology Industry; United States
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      Shih, Willy. "Exploration vs. Exploitation." Harvard Business School Module Note 614-004, July 2013. (Revised November 2021.)
      • 2013
      • Working Paper

      Managers and Market Capitalism

      By: Rebecca Henderson and Karthik Ramanna
      In a capitalist system based on free markets, do managers have responsibilities to the system itself? If they do, should these responsibilities shape their behavior when they are engaging in the political process in an attempt to structure the institutions of... View Details
      Keywords: Market Design; Economic Systems; Managerial Roles; Government and Politics
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      Henderson, Rebecca, and Karthik Ramanna. "Managers and Market Capitalism." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 13-075, March 2013. (Revised November 2013.)
      • Article

      Marginality and Problem-Solving Effectiveness in Broadcast Search

      By: Lars Bo Jeppesen and Karim R. Lakhani
      We examine who the winners are in science problem-solving contests characterized by open broadcast of problem information, self-selection of external solvers to discrete problems from the laboratories of large R&D intensive companies, and blind review of solution... View Details
      Keywords: Competition; Open Source Distribution; Knowledge Use and Leverage; Markets; Independent Innovation and Invention; Problems and Challenges; Research and Development; Gender; Science
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      Jeppesen, Lars Bo, and Karim R. Lakhani. "Marginality and Problem-Solving Effectiveness in Broadcast Search." Organization Science 21, no. 5 (September–October 2010): 1016–1033.
      • 2010
      • Working Paper

      Performance Tradeoffs in Team Knowledge Sourcing

      By: Bradley R. Staats, Melissa Valentine and Amy C. Edmondson
      This research examines how teams organize knowledge sourcing (obtaining access to others' knowledge or expertise) and investigates the performance trade-offs involved in two approaches to knowledge sourcing in teams. One approach a team can take is to specialize, such... View Details
      Keywords: Information Management; Knowledge Sharing; Knowledge Use and Leverage; Performance Efficiency; Performance Productivity; Quality; Groups and Teams; Information Technology Industry; India
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      Staats, Bradley R., Melissa Valentine, and Amy C. Edmondson. "Performance Tradeoffs in Team Knowledge Sourcing." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-031, September 2010. (Revised December 2010, May 2011, and October 2011.)
      • June 2010 (Revised January 2011)
      • Case

      Scientific Glass Incorporated: Inventory Management

      By: Steven C. Wheelwright and William Schmidt
      Scientific Glassware is a fast-growing, privately held company that provides specialized glassware for laboratory and research facilities. Excess inventory is tying up extra capital needed to fund the company's expansion plans. The newly hired Manager of Inventory... View Details
      Keywords: Inventory Control; Inventory Management; Materials Management; Order Processing; Warehousing; Salesforce Management; Logistics; Operations; Order Taking and Fulfillment; Finance; Consumer Products Industry; Technology Industry
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      Wheelwright, Steven C., and William Schmidt. "Scientific Glass Incorporated: Inventory Management." Harvard Business School Brief Case 104-208, June 2010. (Revised January 2011.)
      • March 2010
      • Case

      Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2007

      By: Jan W. Rivkin, Michael Roberto and Ranjay Gulati
      In the wake of the 9/11 terrorist attacks, Robert Mueller, the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), sought to transform the storied Bureau. The FBI had long served as both the chief law enforcement agency and the main domestic intelligence wing of the... View Details
      Keywords: Transformation; Organizational Structure; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Government Administration; National Security; Corporate Strategy; Knowledge Acquisition; Law Enforcement; Public Administration Industry; United States
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      Rivkin, Jan W., Michael Roberto, and Ranjay Gulati. "Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2007." Harvard Business School Case 710-451, March 2010.
      • November 2009 (Revised January 2011)
      • Case

      International AIDS Vaccine Initiative

      By: Allen S. Grossman and Cathy Ross
      Dedicated to accelerating the development of a safe, effective, accessible, preventive HIV vaccine, the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI) pioneered ways of addressing the inadequate incentive structures that prevented progress toward vaccines for AIDS and... View Details
      Keywords: Developing Countries and Economies; Globalized Firms and Management; Health Care and Treatment; Health Disorders; Business and Government Relations; Partners and Partnerships; Research and Development; Social Enterprise; Health Industry
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      Grossman, Allen S., and Cathy Ross. "International AIDS Vaccine Initiative." Harvard Business School Case 310-015, November 2009. (Revised January 2011.)
      • 2009
      • Article

      Modeling Expert Opinions on Food Healthfulness: A Nutrition Metric

      By: Jolie M. Martin, John Beshears, Katherine L. Milkman, Max H. Bazerman and Lisa Sutherland

      Research over the last several decades indicates the failure of existing nutritional labels to substantially improve the healthiness of consumers' food and beverage choices. The difficulty for policy-makers is to encapsulate a wide body of scientific knowledge in a... View Details

      Keywords: Judgments; Food; Nutrition; Labels; Knowledge Use and Leverage; Demand and Consumers; Measurement and Metrics; Mathematical Methods
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      Martin, Jolie M., John Beshears, Katherine L. Milkman, Max H. Bazerman, and Lisa Sutherland. "Modeling Expert Opinions on Food Healthfulness: A Nutrition Metric." Journal of the American Dietetic Association 109, no. 6 (June 2009): 1088–1091.
      • August 2008
      • Article

      Ethnic Scientific Communities and International Technology Diffusion

      By: William R. Kerr
      This study explores the importance of knowledge transfer for international technology diffusion by examining ethnic scientific and entrepreneurial communities in the US and their ties to their home countries. US ethnic research communities are quantified by applying an... View Details
      Keywords: Information Technology; Ethnicity; Production; Integration; Knowledge Sharing; Patents; Employment; Performance Productivity; Entrepreneurship; Change; Developing Countries and Economies; Immigration; China; United States
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      Kerr, William R. "Ethnic Scientific Communities and International Technology Diffusion." Review of Economics and Statistics 90, no. 3 (August 2008): 518–537.
      • 2007
      • Book

      The CEO Within: Why Inside Outsiders Are the Key to Succession Planning

      By: Joseph L. Bower
      With rising CEO turnover, companies are increasingly looking outside for qualified candidates. Sure, externally recruited CEOs bring fresh perspectives and connections. But they lack the in-depth knowledge of the company's culture and history that they need to succeed.... View Details
      Keywords: Recruitment; Knowledge Use and Leverage; Leadership Development; Management Succession
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      Bower, Joseph L. The CEO Within: Why Inside Outsiders Are the Key to Succession Planning. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2007.
      • 2007
      • Chapter

      Collaborative R&D in Management: The Practical Experience of Fenix and TruePoint in Bridging the Divide Between Scientific and Managerial Goals

      By: Michael Beer and Niclas Adler
      The gap between theory and practice has been of concern to both practitioners and academics, yet other than pleas to close the gap with more accessible writing by academics and more interest in research by practitioners few systematic efforts have been made to close... View Details
      Keywords: Transformation; Knowledge Management; Management; Goals and Objectives; Performance Effectiveness; Performance Improvement; Practice; Research and Development; Social and Collaborative Networks; Theory; Value; United States
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      Beer, Michael, and Niclas Adler. "Collaborative R&D in Management: The Practical Experience of Fenix and TruePoint in Bridging the Divide Between Scientific and Managerial Goals." In Handbook of Collaborative Management Research, edited by A. B. Shani, N. Adler, N. Mohrman, W. A. Pasmore, and B. Stymne. Sage Publications, 2007.
      • November 2006 (Revised May 2007)
      • Case

      Hewlett-Packard Company: The War Within

      By: Krishna G. Palepu, Jay W. Lorsch, Carin-Isabel Knoop and Eliot Sherman
      In September 2006 it was revealed that the Hewlett-Packard Company (HP) had been carrying out an extended investigation of its own employees, board members, and journalists outside the company. The investigation was launched in response to a series of leaks to the... View Details
      Keywords: Problems and Challenges; Employee Relationship Management; Corporate Accountability; Corporate Governance; Governing and Advisory Boards; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Communication Technology; Conflict and Resolution; Newspapers; Computer Industry; Information Technology Industry
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      Palepu, Krishna G., Jay W. Lorsch, Carin-Isabel Knoop, and Eliot Sherman. "Hewlett-Packard Company: The War Within." Harvard Business School Case 107-030, November 2006. (Revised May 2007.)
      • 2006
      • Book

      Science Business: The Promise, the Reality, and the Future of Biotech

      By: Gary P. Pisano
      Why has the biotechnology industry failed to perform up to expectations—despite all its promise? In Science Business, Gary P. Pisano answers this question by providing an incisive critique of the industry. Pisano not only reveals the underlying causes of... View Details
      Keywords: Science; Business Ventures; Biotechnology Industry
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      Pisano, Gary P. Science Business: The Promise, the Reality, and the Future of Biotech. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006.
      • 2006
      • Chapter

      Between 'Knowledge' and 'the Economy': Notes on the Scientific Study of Designs

      By: Carliss Y. Baldwin and Kim B. Clark
      Keywords: Design; Knowledge; Economy
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      Baldwin, Carliss Y., and Kim B. Clark. "Between 'Knowledge' and 'the Economy': Notes on the Scientific Study of Designs." In Advancing Knowledge and the Knowledge Economy, edited by B. Kahin and D. Foray. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2006.
      • January 2004 (Revised February 2005)
      • Background Note

      A Note on Methodological Fit in Management Field Research

      By: Amy C. Edmondson and Stacy McManus
      To use in doctoral-level management courses on the design of field research methods. Advocates the importance of fit, or internal consistency, among the different elements of a field research project. Although the scientific method provides an essential framework for... View Details
      Keywords: Management; Research
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      Edmondson, Amy C., and Stacy McManus. "A Note on Methodological Fit in Management Field Research." Harvard Business School Background Note 604-072, January 2004. (Revised February 2005.)
      • 2003
      • Report

      UK Competitiveness: Moving to the Next Stage

      By: Michael E. Porter and Christian H.M. Ketels

      In October 2002, the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) appointed Professor Michael Porter and his team to conduct a brief, three-month review of the existing evidence on UK competitiveness. The effort was funded jointly by the ESRC and the Department of... View Details

      Keywords: Competition; Economics; Performance Productivity; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Research and Development; Competency and Skills; Investment; Assets; Corporate Strategy; Policy; Management; Knowledge Use and Leverage; United Kingdom; United States
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      Porter, Michael E., and Christian H.M. Ketels. "UK Competitiveness: Moving to the Next Stage." DTI Economics Paper, May 2003.
      • September 2002 (Revised January 2003)
      • Case

      Dimensional Fund Advisors, 2002

      By: Randolph B. Cohen
      Dimensional Fund Advisors (DFA) is an investment management firm that prides itself on basing its investment strategies on sound academic research. Many of the best-known finance research papers of the past two decades (especially those by Eugene Fama and Kenneth... View Details
      Keywords: Knowledge Use and Leverage; Research; Success; Investment; Financial Services Industry
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      Cohen, Randolph B. "Dimensional Fund Advisors, 2002." Harvard Business School Case 203-026, September 2002. (Revised January 2003.)
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