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- All HBS Web
(710)
- People (4)
- News (102)
- Research (426)
- Multimedia (4)
- Faculty Publications (329)
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- September 2019
- Case
Clean Energy for the Future
By: Richard H.K. Vietor and Howaida Kamel
This is an industry note on renewable energy – wind, solar, governmental incentives and storage. It covers the recent history of both the wind and solar industries, an extensive look at governmental policies in the United States, including the Green New Deal, and... View Details
Keywords: Green New Deal; Renewable Energy; Energy Policy; Industry Growth; Supply and Industry; Price; Motivation and Incentives; Energy Industry; Green Technology Industry; United States
Vietor, Richard H.K., and Howaida Kamel. "Clean Energy for the Future." Harvard Business School Case 720-003, September 2019.
- 2025
- Working Paper
Prices and Concentration: A U-shape? Theory and Evidence from Renewables
By: Michele Fioretti, Junnan He and Jorge Tamayo
We show that when firms compete via supply functions, transferring high-cost
capacity to the largest, most efficient firm—thereby diversifying its production technologies
while increasing concentration—can lower prices by prompting the leader
to expand output and... View Details
Keywords: Diversified Production Technologies; Concentration Levels; Market Power; Supply Function Equilibrium; Hydropower; Energy Transition; Renewable Energy; Price; Competition; Supply and Industry; Energy Industry; Colombia
Fioretti, Michele, Junnan He, and Jorge Tamayo. "Prices and Concentration: A U-shape? Theory and Evidence from Renewables." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-049, April 2025.
- March 2009 (Revised July 2009)
- Case
KiOR: Catalyzing Clean Energy
By: Ramana Nanda and Toby E. Stuart
Biofuels start-up KiOR was developing a proprietary technology that had the potential to dramatically impact the emerging renewable energy landscape: a process that converted cellulosic biomass into "bio-crude," a hydrocarbon mixture with properties to those of crude... View Details
Keywords: Business Headquarters; Decision Choices and Conditions; Renewable Energy; Entrepreneurship; Geographic Location
Nanda, Ramana, and Toby E. Stuart. "KiOR: Catalyzing Clean Energy." Harvard Business School Case 809-092, March 2009. (Revised July 2009.)
- June 2025
- Case
Power Struggles: Hydro-Quebec’s Energy Dilemma
By: Juan Alcacer and Danika Couture-Peck
In 2024, Maxime Aucoin, Executive Vice President and CFO of Hydro-Quebec, faced a series of compounding challenges as the utility confronted rapidly rising electricity demand, public pricing constraints, and strained stakeholder relationships. As the steward of... View Details
- October 2007 (Revised March 2009)
- Case
Advanced Energy: Programs for Energy Conservation
By: V. Kasturi Rangan and Brooke Barton
Describes the dilemma facing Advanced Energy (AE), a $6 million nonprofit engaged in energy conservation in North Carolina. Most of the money for its programs comes from a Public Benefits Fund (PBF) enacted by the state legislature. With renewed effort by activists in... View Details
Keywords: Energy Conservation; Public Equity; Performance Efficiency; Nonprofit Organizations; Conflict and Resolution; Energy Industry; Energy Industry
Rangan, V. Kasturi, and Brooke Barton. "Advanced Energy: Programs for Energy Conservation." Harvard Business School Case 508-003, October 2007. (Revised March 2009.)
- Article
Optimizing Organic Waste to Energy Operations
By: Baris Ata, Deishin Lee and Mustafa H. Tongarlak
A waste-to-energy firm that recycles organic waste with energy recovery performs two environmentally beneficial functions: it diverts waste from landfill and it produces renewable energy. At the same time, the waste-to-energy firm serves and collects revenue from two... View Details
Keywords: Business Ventures; Energy Generation; Renewable Energy; Revenue; Customers; Strategy; Corporate Governance; Wastes and Waste Processing; Environmental Sustainability; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Cost Management; Urban Scope
Ata, Baris, Deishin Lee, and Mustafa H. Tongarlak. "Optimizing Organic Waste to Energy Operations." Manufacturing & Service Operations Management 14, no. 2 (Spring 2012): 231–244.
- December 2022 (Revised May 2023)
- Case
Iberdrola: Leading the Energy Revolution
By: Juan Alcácer and Emer Moloney
At the end of 2019, Ignacio Galán, the Chairman and CEO of the world's third largest utility, Iberdrola, reflected on his almost 20 years at the company. He managed a portfolio of three very different businesses, each with their own specific opportunities and... View Details
Keywords: Energy; Energy Generation; Energy Sources; Non-Renewable Energy; Renewable Energy; Engineering; Innovation and Management; Innovation Leadership; Innovation Strategy; Technological Innovation; Leadership; Growth and Development Strategy; Market Timing; Industry Growth; Mission and Purpose; Strategy; Energy Industry; Green Technology Industry; Utilities Industry; Transportation Industry; Auto Industry; Spain; United Kingdom; United States; Brazil; Mexico
Alcácer, Juan, and Emer Moloney. "Iberdrola: Leading the Energy Revolution." Harvard Business School Case 723-398, December 2022. (Revised May 2023.)
- December 2024 (Revised March 2025)
- Case
Tata Power and India's Energy Transition
By: Vikram S. Gandhi, Radhika Kak and Kairavi Dey
Tata Power stood at the forefront of India’s energy transition. The firm had a long history deeply intertwined with the country's development. As Mumbai’s power needs increased, Tata Power built out thermal assets across North, West, and East India. While thermal power... View Details
Keywords: Renewable Energy; Energy Sources; Climate Change; Green Technology; Transition; Energy Generation; Resource Allocation; Energy Industry; Asia; India
Gandhi, Vikram S., Radhika Kak, and Kairavi Dey. "Tata Power and India's Energy Transition." Harvard Business School Case 325-081, December 2024. (Revised March 2025.)
- April 2021
- Article
Competition and Gender in the Lab vs Field: Experiments from Off-grid Renewable Energy Entrepreneurs in Rural Rwanda
By: Rebecca Klege, Martine Visser, Manuel Barron and Rowan P. Clarke
Klege, Rebecca, Martine Visser, Manuel Barron, and Rowan P. Clarke. "Competition and Gender in the Lab vs Field: Experiments from Off-grid Renewable Energy Entrepreneurs in Rural Rwanda." Art. 101662. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics 91 (April 2021).
- June 2012 (Revised February 2014)
- Case
Low-Carbon, Indigenous Innovation in China
For the past seven years or so, the Chinese government has been powering ahead with industrial policies to promote low-carbon energy technologies—wind, solar, electric batteries and vehicles, nuclear power, and even carbon capture and sequestration. In 2009, the... View Details
Keywords: Energy; Renewables; Carbon; Environment; Industrial Policy; Competitiveness; Environmental Sustainability; Policy; Renewable Energy; Competition; Globalized Markets and Industries; Energy Industry; China
Vietor, Richard H.K. "Low-Carbon, Indigenous Innovation in China." Harvard Business School Case 712-061, June 2012. (Revised February 2014.)
- January 2017 (Revised August 2017)
- Case
Mexico's Energy Reform
By: Richard H.K. Vietor and Haviland Sheldahl-Thomason
Energy—both petroleum and electricity—had been terribly managed for decades in Mexico. The two national monopolies—PEMEX and CFE—were inefficient, overstaffed, corrupt, rife with subsidies, and losing money. Finally, in 2012, President Enrique Peña Nieto announced his... View Details
Keywords: Energy; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Performance Improvement; Energy Industry; Mexico
Vietor, Richard H.K., and Haviland Sheldahl-Thomason. "Mexico's Energy Reform." Harvard Business School Case 717-027, January 2017. (Revised August 2017.)
- 09 Aug 2010
- Research & Ideas
How to Speed Up Energy Innovation
Is there a special sauce for stimulating innovation in the energy sector, a concoction to spur cost-effective developments toward solving the climate change problem? HBS professor Rebecca Henderson doesn't claim to know all the ingredients for that special sauce. But... View Details
- October 2010 (Revised August 2012)
- Case
Harvest: Organic Waste Recycling with Energy Recovery (A)
By: Deishin Lee, Baris Ata and Mustafa H. Tongarlak
This case describes the waste management industry and a clean technology solution for landfill diversion and renewable energy production. The (A) case focuses on the operational characteristics of waste management and waste to energy, as well as the characteristics of... View Details
Keywords: Renewable Energy; Logistics; Wastes and Waste Processing; Corporate Finance; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry
Lee, Deishin, Baris Ata, and Mustafa H. Tongarlak. "Harvest: Organic Waste Recycling with Energy Recovery (A)." Harvard Business School Case 611-033, October 2010. (Revised August 2012.)
- 2021
- Working Paper
Saving for a Dry Day: Coal, Dams, and the Energy Transition
By: Michele Fioretti and Jorge Tamayo
Renewable generation creates a tradeoff between current and future energy production as generators produce energy by releasing previously stored resources. Studying the Colombian market, we find that diversified firms strategically substitute fossil fuels for... View Details
Keywords: Energy Generation; Renewable Energy; Production; Green Technology Industry; Energy Industry; Colombia
Fioretti, Michele, and Jorge Tamayo. "Saving for a Dry Day: Coal, Dams, and the Energy Transition." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-016, August 2021.
- October 2020
- Case
1366 Technologies: Surviving in a fast changing world
By: Jurgen Weiss, William A. Sahlman and Joseph B. Lassiter III
Weiss, Jurgen, William A. Sahlman, and Joseph B. Lassiter III. "1366 Technologies: Surviving in a Fast Changing World." Harvard Business School Case 721-015, October 2020.
- April 2021
- Teaching Note
GreenFire Energy, 2020: Geothermal Innovation
By: John R. Wells and Benjamin Weinstock
In June 2020, after ten years of effort, GreenFire Energy Inc. (GreenFire) demonstrated its new geothermal electricity generation technology, ECO2G™. While conventional geothermal electricity only supplied 0.5% of US demand, the new technology promised to increase this... View Details
- June 2012
- Teaching Note
Harvest: Organic Waste Recycling with Energy Recovery (TN) (A) and (B)
By: Deishin Lee
This case describes the waste management industry and a clean technology solution for landfill diversion and renewable energy production. The (A) case focuses on the operational characteristics of organic waste recycling with energy recovery, and the characteristics of... View Details
- November 2020 (Revised May 2023)
- Case
Holaluz: Taking on the Spanish Energy Market
By: Elie Ofek, Marco Bertini, Oded Koenigsberg, Elena Corsi and Emer Moloney
In 2020, the three cofounders of Holaluz, a newcomer to Spain’s electricity retail market, are preparing to launch a new offering: installing and managing solar panels on households' roofs at no extra cost for the consumer, who would still benefit from the energy... View Details
Keywords: Electricity; Solar Power; Subscription Business; Renewable Energy; Entrepreneurship; Service Delivery; Business Model; Product Launch; Marketing; Energy Industry; Spain
Ofek, Elie, Marco Bertini, Oded Koenigsberg, Elena Corsi, and Emer Moloney. "Holaluz: Taking on the Spanish Energy Market." Harvard Business School Case 521-045, November 2020. (Revised May 2023.)
- November 2023
- Article
Coalition Cascades: The Politics of Tipping Points in Clean Energy Transitions
By: Jonas Meckling and Nicholas Goedeking
Policy change often involves multiple policy subsystems, as in the case of clean energy transitions. We argue that trans- subsystem policy feedback is a central dynamic in policy change across subsystems. Policy in one subsystem creates ... View Details
Meckling, Jonas, and Nicholas Goedeking. "Coalition Cascades: The Politics of Tipping Points in Clean Energy Transitions." Policy Studies Journal 51, no. 4 (November 2023): 715–739.
- October 2010 (Revised August 2012)
- Supplement
Harvest: Organic Waste Recycling with Energy Recovery (B)
By: Deishin Lee, Baris Ata and Mustafa H. Tongarlak
This case describes the waste management industry and a clean technology solution for landfill diversion and renewable energy production. The (A) case focuses on the operational characteristics of waste management and waste to energy, and the characteristics of the... View Details
Keywords: Framework; Wastes and Waste Processing; Management; Operations; Social Issues; Problems and Challenges; Energy Generation; Renewable Energy; Quality; Industry Structures; Energy Industry
Lee, Deishin, Baris Ata, and Mustafa H. Tongarlak. "Harvest: Organic Waste Recycling with Energy Recovery (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 611-034, October 2010. (Revised August 2012.)