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    • All HBS Web  (1,342)
      • Faculty Publications  (148)

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      • September 2022 (Revised November 2023)
      • Case

      Wordle

      By: Karen G. Mills, Christina Wallace, Ebehi Iyoha, Gabriella Elanbeck and Morgane Herculano
      After sourdough bread, countertop chive gardens, and vaccine selfies came a pandemic-era trend that everyone seemed to be in on: one daily chance to guess a five-letter word and crow about your success on social media via little green and yellow squares. From a... View Details
      Keywords: Games; Innovation; General Management; Mergers and Acquisitions; Trends; Entrepreneurship; Bids and Bidding; Consumer Behavior; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; Technology Industry
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      Mills, Karen G., Christina Wallace, Ebehi Iyoha, Gabriella Elanbeck, and Morgane Herculano. "Wordle." Harvard Business School Case 323-032, September 2022. (Revised November 2023.)
      • August 15, 2022
      • Article

      Preparing Sales for a Changing Economy: Part 2: Getting More from Your Training Spending

      By: Frank V. Cespedes
      A previous article discussed changing business development requirements and some implications. This article discusses three areas that are fundamental to getting ROI from training initiatives and how engagement between Sales and L&D professionals, completed by smart... View Details
      Keywords: Training; Sales
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      Cespedes, Frank V. "Preparing Sales for a Changing Economy: Part 2: Getting More from Your Training Spending." TrainingIndustry.com (August 15, 2022).
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Failing Just Fine: Assessing Careers of Venture Capital-backed Entrepreneurs via a Non-wage Measure

      By: Natee Amornsiripanitch, Paul Gompers, George Hu, Will Levinson and Vladimir Mukharlyamov
      This paper proposes a non-pecuniary measure of career achievement, Seniority. Based on a database of over 5 million resumes, this metric exploits the variation in job titles and how long they take to attain. When non-monetary factors influence career choice, inference... View Details
      Keywords: Career Outcomes; Founders; Personal Development and Career; Venture Capital; Entrepreneurship
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      Amornsiripanitch, Natee, Paul Gompers, George Hu, Will Levinson, and Vladimir Mukharlyamov. "Failing Just Fine: Assessing Careers of Venture Capital-backed Entrepreneurs via a Non-wage Measure." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 30179, June 2022.
      • June 2022 (Revised January 2023)
      • Case

      Buurtzorg

      By: Ethan Bernstein, Tatiana Sandino, Joost Minnaar and Annelena Lobb
      As co-founders of home nursing company Buurtzorg, Jos de Blok and Gonnie Kronenberg prized both self-management and organizational learning. Buurtzorg’s 10,000 nurses across 950 neighborhood nursing teams in the Netherlands were empowered to manage themselves, both in... View Details
      Keywords: Healthcare; Best Practices; Best Practices Transfer; Flat Organization; Self-Managed Organizations; Self-Managed Teams; Organizational Learning; Knowledge Management; Learning; Management Practices and Processes; Human Resources; Communication; Organizational Structure; Organizational Design; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Groups and Teams; Networks; Health Industry; Netherlands; Europe
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      Bernstein, Ethan, Tatiana Sandino, Joost Minnaar, and Annelena Lobb. "Buurtzorg." Harvard Business School Case 122-101, June 2022. (Revised January 2023.)
      • Article

      How to Get the Most Out of Peer Support Groups: A Guide to the Benefits and Best Practices

      By: Boris Groysberg and Robert Russman Halperin
      For years business leaders have turned to peer forums—groups of four to 10 people with similar interests who meet regularly for confidential conversations—to share their problems, find support and insights, and learn and grow. But because such forums are small and... View Details
      Keywords: Peer Comparison; Support; Workplace; Peer Relationships; Personal Development and Career
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      Groysberg, Boris, and Robert Russman Halperin. "How to Get the Most Out of Peer Support Groups: A Guide to the Benefits and Best Practices." Harvard Business Review 100, no. 3 (May–June 2022): 130–141.
      • June 2022
      • Article

      The Welfare Effects of Peer Entry in the Accommodation Market: The Case of Airbnb and the Accommodation Industry

      By: Chiara Farronato and Andrey Fradkin
      We study the effects of enabling peer supply through Airbnb in the accommodation industry. We present a model of competition between flexible and dedicated sellers—peer hosts and hotels—who provide differentiated products. We estimate this model using data from major... View Details
      Keywords: Peer To Peer; Airbnb; Digital Platforms; Market Entry and Exit; Competition; Accommodations Industry
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      Farronato, Chiara, and Andrey Fradkin. "The Welfare Effects of Peer Entry in the Accommodation Market: The Case of Airbnb and the Accommodation Industry." American Economic Review 112, no. 6 (June 2022): 1782–1817.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Passing the Mic: Career and Firm Outcomes of Executive Interactions

      By: Wei Cai, Ethan Rouen and Yuan Zou
      We exploit a unique feature of conference calls to study one type of interaction among executives—directly inviting colleagues to respond to analysts’ questions. We find that the frequency of initiating interaction is positively associated with an executive’s ability,... View Details
      Keywords: Conference Calls; CEO Succession; Executive Interactions; Promotion; Interpersonal Communication; Personal Development and Career; Retention
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      Cai, Wei, Ethan Rouen, and Yuan Zou. "Passing the Mic: Career and Firm Outcomes of Executive Interactions." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-069, May 2022.
      • March 2022
      • Article

      How Much Does Your Boss Make? The Effects of Salary Comparisons

      By: Zoë B. Cullen and Ricardo Perez-Truglia
      The vast majority of the pay inequality in an organization comes from differences in pay between employees and their bosses. But are employees aware of these pay disparities? Are employees demotivated by this inequality? To address these questions, we conducted a... View Details
      Keywords: Salary; Inequality; Managers; Career Concerns; Pay Transparency; Wages; Equality and Inequality; Perception; Behavior
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      Cullen, Zoë B., and Ricardo Perez-Truglia. "How Much Does Your Boss Make? The Effects of Salary Comparisons." Journal of Political Economy 130, no. 3 (March 2022): 766–822.
      • December 16, 2021
      • Article

      Avoid a One-Size-Fits-All Approach to Sales Coaching

      By: Frank V. Cespedes
      Coaching sales reps is about clarifying relevant behaviors and whether the issue is motivation or ability. Some reps may work hard, but lack certain capabilities while others demonstrate capability but seemingly lack motivation or effort. Good coaching helps to clarify... View Details
      Keywords: Salesforce Management; Training; Competency and Skills; Motivation and Incentives
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      Cespedes, Frank V. "Avoid a One-Size-Fits-All Approach to Sales Coaching." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (December 16, 2021).
      • December 2021 (Revised May 2025)
      • Case

      Bed Bath & Beyond: The New Strategy to Drive Shareholder Value

      By: Benjamin C. Esty and Daniel W. Fisher
      At one time, Bed Bath & Beyond was one of the most successful specialty retailers in the United States—its growth and profit margins far exceeded both peer retailers in the home goods market as well as many other discount retailers. But in 2014, its stock price peaked,... View Details
      Keywords: Competitive Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Value Creation; Diversification; Corporate Governance; Leading Change; Performance Evaluation; Valuation; Investment Activism; Retail Industry; Consumer Products Industry; United States
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      Esty, Benjamin C., and Daniel W. Fisher. "Bed Bath & Beyond: The New Strategy to Drive Shareholder Value." Harvard Business School Case 722-408, December 2021. (Revised May 2025.)
      • October 1, 2021
      • Article

      An Evaluation of Cross-efficiency Methods: With an Application to Warehouse Performance.

      By: B.M. Balk, M.R. De Koster, Christian Kaps and J.L. Zofio
      Cross-efficiency measurement is an extension of Data Envelopment Analysis that allows for tie-breaking ranking of the Decision Making Units (DMUs) using all the peer evaluations. In this article we examine the theory of cross-efficiency measurement by comparing a... View Details
      Keywords: Efficiency Analysis; Performance Benchmarking; Warehousing; Analytics and Data Science; Performance Evaluation; Measurement and Metrics; Mathematical Methods
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      Balk, B.M., M.R. De Koster, Christian Kaps, and J.L. Zofio. "An Evaluation of Cross-efficiency Methods: With an Application to Warehouse Performance." Art. 126261. Applied Mathematics and Computation 406 (October 1, 2021).
      • October 2021
      • Article

      Board Design and Governance Failures at Peer Firms

      By: Shelby Gai, J. Yo-Jud Cheng and Andy Wu
      Our study introduces board committees as a crucial determinant of board actions. We examine how directors who structurally link different board committees—referred to as multi-committee directors (MCDs)—explain why some board actions are merely symbolic while others... View Details
      Keywords: Board Committees; Board Monitoring; New Director Nomination; Peer Financial Restatements; Governing and Advisory Boards; Corporate Governance; Performance Effectiveness
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      Gai, Shelby, J. Yo-Jud Cheng, and Andy Wu. "Board Design and Governance Failures at Peer Firms." Strategic Management Journal 42, no. 10 (October 2021): 1909–1938.
      • August 2021
      • Article

      Don't Take Their Word for It: The Misclassification of Bond Mutual Funds

      By: Huaizhi Chen, Lauren Cohen and Umit Gurun
      We provide evidence that bond fund managers misclassify their holdings, and that these misclassifications have a real and significant impact on investor capital flows. In particular, many funds report more investment grade assets than are actually held in their... View Details
      Keywords: Mutual Funds; Economics; Finance; Measurement and Metrics; Risk and Uncertainty; Financial Services Industry
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      Chen, Huaizhi, Lauren Cohen, and Umit Gurun. "Don't Take Their Word for It: The Misclassification of Bond Mutual Funds." Journal of Finance 76, no. 4 (August 2021): 1699–1730. (Winner of the Best Paper Prize at the University of Cambridge Consortium on Asset Management, 2020; Winner of the Financial Management Association Best Paper Prize in Quantitative Investments, 2020.)
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Public Disclosure of Private Meetings: Does Observing Peers' Information Acquisition Affect Analysts' Attention Allocation?

      By: Yi Ru, Ronghuo Zheng and Yuan Zou
      We investigate the impact of observing peers’ information acquisition on financial analysts’ attention allocation. Using the timely disclosure mandate by the Shenzhen Stock Exchange as a setting, we find that, when analysts can observe that a firm is visited by other... View Details
      Keywords: Attention Allocation; Informational Efficiency; Corporate Site Visits; Externalities; Information; Acquisition; Corporate Disclosure; Outcome or Result
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      Ru, Yi, Ronghuo Zheng, and Yuan Zou. "Public Disclosure of Private Meetings: Does Observing Peers' Information Acquisition Affect Analysts' Attention Allocation?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-064, July 2021.
      • May–June 2021
      • Article

      Savvy Self-Promotion: The Delicate Art and Science of Bragging

      By: Leslie K. John
      Everyone knows that success at work depends on being—and being seen as—both competent and likable. You need people to notice your growth and accomplishments while also enjoying your company. But if you draw attention to the value you’ve created, to ensure that managers... View Details
      Keywords: Self-promotion; Success; Behavior
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      John, Leslie K. "Savvy Self-Promotion: The Delicate Art and Science of Bragging." Harvard Business Review 99, no. 3 (May–June 2021): 145–148.
      • April 2021 (Revised April 2021)
      • Teaching Plan

      Nehemiah Mfg. Co.: Providing a Second Chance

      By: Brian Trelstad and John Masko
      Teaching Plan for HBS Case No. 320-008. In 2009, Dan Meyer and Richard Palmer, two veterans of the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry, founded Nehemiah Manufacturing to build FMCG brands while providing jobs to Cincinnati, Ohio’s beleaguered urban core. Two... View Details
      Keywords: Social Entrepreneurship; Retention; Selection and Staffing; Employment; Human Capital; Growth Management; Brands and Branding; Social Marketing; Mission and Purpose; Prejudice and Bias; City; Urban Scope; Consumer Products Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Ohio; United States
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      Trelstad, Brian, and John Masko. "Nehemiah Mfg. Co.: Providing a Second Chance." Harvard Business School Teaching Plan 321-133, April 2021. (Revised April 2021.)
      • February 2021
      • Case

      Enterprise Agility at Komerční Banka

      By: Euvin Naidoo, Suraj Srinivasan and Sarah Gulick
      In 2017, Jan Juchelka, the new CEO of Komerční Banka, identified the need for the bank to start an enterprise wide agile transformation. He started by working to create a sense of urgency to kick-start a process to enable the level of service delivery to customers he... View Details
      Keywords: Agile; Agility; Transformation; Organizational Structure; Business Headquarters; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Management Systems; Banking Industry; Czech Republic
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      Naidoo, Euvin, Suraj Srinivasan, and Sarah Gulick. "Enterprise Agility at Komerční Banka." Harvard Business School Case 121-020, February 2021.
      • Article

      How Real Sales Learning Happens: In the Flow of Work

      By: Yuchun Lee, Mark Magnacca and Frank V. Cespedes
      Most learning in sales is through peer learning in task-specific contexts, and the effects are cumulative because modeling behavior is a big driver of how salespeople develop. This is very different from the experience in most training seminars, especially if the... View Details
      Keywords: Sales; Learning; Training; Performance
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      Lee, Yuchun, Mark Magnacca, and Frank V. Cespedes. "How Real Sales Learning Happens: In the Flow of Work." Learning Solutions (February 15, 2021).
      • 2021
      • Chapter

      Governing for Growth in Scope: Cultivating a Comparative Understanding of How Peer Production Collectives Evolve

      By: Rebecca Karp, Amisha Miller and Siobhan O'Mahony
      One of the early challenges for any peer production collective is how to govern the growth of new members or contributors. Scope growth was not a topic of concern when scholars were focused on understanding the emergence of peer production collectives as a phenomenon... View Details
      Keywords: Peer Production Collectives; Scope Growth; Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Governance; Growth Management
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      Karp, Rebecca, Amisha Miller, and Siobhan O'Mahony. "Governing for Growth in Scope: Cultivating a Comparative Understanding of How Peer Production Collectives Evolve." Chap. 11 in The Handbook of Peer Production, edited by Mathieu O'Neil, Christian Pentzold, and Sophie Toupin, 137–152. John Wiley & Sons, 2021.
      • January 2021 (Revised February 2025)
      • Teaching Note

      Clear Link Technologies, LLC: Driving Sales with Peer Effects

      By: Christopher Stanton, Richard Saouma and Olivia Hull
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      Stanton, Christopher, Richard Saouma, and Olivia Hull. "Clear Link Technologies, LLC: Driving Sales with Peer Effects." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 821-013, January 2021. (Revised February 2025.)
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