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- All HBS Web
(20,963)
- People (30)
- News (3,642)
- Research (14,090)
- Events (128)
- Multimedia (258)
- Faculty Publications (11,784)
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- January 2018 (Revised February 2018)
- Technical Note
Making Markets
Explains how to identify and capitalize on marketplace design opportunities. Defines markets and marketplaces and describes the basic functions of each. Discusses attributes (e.g., heterogeneity of participants' preferences and asymmetry in available information) that... View Details
Keywords: Marketplaces; Two-Sided Markets; Entrepreneurship; Market Design; Digital Platforms; Marketplace Matching; Market Participation; Market Transactions; Market Entry and Exit; Digital Platforms; Auctions
Eisenmann, Thomas R., and Scott Duke Kominers. "Making Markets." Harvard Business School Technical Note 818-096, January 2018. (Revised February 2018.)
- September 2014 (Revised February 2015)
- Case
Pfizer and AstraZeneca: Marketing an Acquisition (A)
By: John A. Quelch and James Weber
In 2014, Pfizer proposed a friendly acquisition of AstraZeneca, but the AstraZeneca board resisted over price and strategy concerns. Was this good for pharmaceutical consumers? Pfizer, like pharmaceutical companies in general, faced difficulties in growing sales due to... View Details
Keywords: Health Care Policy; Mergers And Acquisitions; Marketing; Government Relations; Crisis Management; Decision Making; Growth and Development; Management; Markets; Strategy; Pharmaceutical Industry; United Kingdom; United States
Quelch, John A., and James Weber. "Pfizer and AstraZeneca: Marketing an Acquisition (A)." Harvard Business School Case 515-007, September 2014. (Revised February 2015.)
- 2013
- Chapter
Market Imperfections and Sustainable Competitive Advantage
By: Felix Oberholzer-Gee and Dennis Yao
This chapter reviews the main theories in strategic management that seek to explain persistent differences in profitability across companies. We argue that these differences are ultimately explained by market imperfections. Studying differences in financial performance... View Details
Keywords: Strategic Management; Market Imperfections; Five Forces Framework; Competitive Advantage; Profit
Oberholzer-Gee, Felix, and Dennis Yao. "Market Imperfections and Sustainable Competitive Advantage." Chap. 12 in Oxford Handbook of Managerial Economics, by Christopher R. Thomas and William F. Shughart II, 262–277. Oxford University Press, 2013.
- 2016
- Working Paper
The Stock Market and Bank Risk-Taking
By: David S. Scharfstein and Antonio Falato
We argue that stock market pressure to generate earnings encourages banks to increase risk. We measure risk using confidential supervisory ratings as well as financial information released in regulatory filings. We document that there is an increase in the risk-taking... View Details
Keywords: Stock Market; Financial Markets; Business Earnings; Banks and Banking; Risk and Uncertainty
Scharfstein, David S., and Antonio Falato. "The Stock Market and Bank Risk-Taking." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 22689, September 2016.
- 2010
- Chapter
Advance Recovery and the Development of Resilient Organizations and Societies
By: Dutch Leonard and Arnold M. Howitt
Societies face a wide array of significant hazards-ranging from the possibility of natural disasters to industrial accidents to large-scale terrorist incidents. View Details
Keywords: Natural Disasters; Society; Organizations; Growth and Development; National Security; Safety
Leonard, Dutch, and Arnold M. Howitt. "Advance Recovery and the Development of Resilient Organizations and Societies." In Integrative Risk Management: Advanced Disaster Recovery, edited by Simon Woodward. Zurich, Switzerland: Swiss Re, Centre for Global Dialogue, 2010.
- February 2010
- Background Note
Marketing Analysis Toolkit: Market Size and Market Share Analysis
By: Thomas J. Steenburgh and Jill Avery
Marketers frequently need to estimate the size of their markets—both for existing products so that sales forecasts can be developed and for new products so that market opportunities can be assessed. This toolkit enables students to size a market and generate a sales... View Details
Keywords: Forecasting and Prediction; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Marketing Strategy; Markets; Demand and Consumers; Size; Strategic Planning; Sales
Steenburgh, Thomas J., and Jill Avery. "Marketing Analysis Toolkit: Market Size and Market Share Analysis." Harvard Business School Background Note 510-081, February 2010.
- 2021
- Working Paper
The Origins of CE Marking: Standards, Business, and the European Market in the 1980s–1990s
By: Grace Ballor
Many products—from consumer electronics to machinery to children’s toys—bear the CE Mark, the symbol of conformity to the ‘essential requirements’ of European standards governed by the process of CE Marking. This working paper traces the development of the system of... View Details
Keywords: Business And Government; Market Liberalization; Standards; Markets; Trade; Integration; Business History; Globalization; Business and Government Relations; Europe; European Union
Ballor, Grace. "The Origins of CE Marking: Standards, Business, and the European Market in the 1980s–1990s." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-142, June 2021.
- May 2012 (Revised November 2015)
- Case
The National Geographic Society (A) (Abridged)
By: David A. Garvin and Annelena Lobb
In January 2010, John Fahey, president, CEO, and chairman of the board of trustees' executive committee of the Washington, D.C.–based National Geographic Society (NGS), must decide how best to organize the 121-year old mission-driven organization for a world of... View Details
Keywords: General Management; Change Management; Media And Publishing; Digital Convergence; Strategy Development; Business Models; Information Publishing; Online Technology; Business Model; Organizational Structure; Business Strategy; Publishing Industry
Garvin, David A., and Annelena Lobb. "The National Geographic Society (A) (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 312-120, May 2012. (Revised November 2015.)
- September–October 2002
- Article
Market Power and Power Markets
By: Jurgen Weiss
The paper provides results of a serious of experiments with experienced subjects exploring the relationship between elements of electricity market design and competitive outcomes. The two primary variables examined are a) the price formation (nodal versus uniform with... View Details
Weiss, Jurgen. "Market Power and Power Markets." Interfaces 32, no. 5 (September–October 2002): 37–46.
- May 2018
- Article
Selection and Market Reallocation: Productivity Gains from Multinational Production
By: Laura Alfaro and Maggie X. Chen
Assessing the productivity gains from multinational production has been a vital topic of economic research and policy debate. Positive aggregate productivity gains are often attributed to within-firm productivity improvement; however, an alternative, less emphasized... View Details
Keywords: Productivity Gains; Multinational Production; Selection; Market Reallocation; And Within-firm Productivity; Multinational Firms and Management; Production; Performance Productivity; Competition; Mathematical Methods
Alfaro, Laura, and Maggie X. Chen. "Selection and Market Reallocation: Productivity Gains from Multinational Production." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 10, no. 2 (May 2018): 1–38. (Also NBER Working Paper 18207. See Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12–111, 2015 for longer version.)
- November 2020
- Article
Taxation in Matching Markets
By: Arnaud Dupuy, Alfred Galichon, Sonia Jaffe and Scott Duke Kominers
We analyze the effects of taxation in two-sided matching markets, i.e., markets in which all agents have heterogeneous preferences over potential partners. In matching markets, taxes can generate inefficiency on the allocative margin by changing who is matched to whom,... View Details
Dupuy, Arnaud, Alfred Galichon, Sonia Jaffe, and Scott Duke Kominers. "Taxation in Matching Markets." International Economic Review 61, no. 4 (November 2020): 1591–1634.
- September 2005 (Revised April 2006)
- Background Note
Market Segmentation, Target Market Selection, and Positioning
By: Miklos Sarvary and Anita Elberse
Elaborates on the prerequisites for designing a successful marketing strategy: market segmentation, target market selection, and product positioning. View Details
Sarvary, Miklos, and Anita Elberse. "Market Segmentation, Target Market Selection, and Positioning." Harvard Business School Background Note 506-019, September 2005. (Revised April 2006.)
- May 2003
- Case
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
By: John A. Quelch
Didier Cherpitel, CEO of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), is implementing a new strategy that will fundamentally change the role of its International Secretariat. The organization is in the early stages of implementing a best... View Details
Quelch, John A., and Nathalie Laidler. "International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies." Harvard Business School Case 503-059, May 2003.
- Research Summary
Social Marketing and Cause Marketing
Rangan is studying the role of marketing in influencing social change by focusing on the adoption of social products and ideas such as family planning, economic development, drug abuse prevention, health care, and recycling. Rangan is attempting to determine how social... View Details
- 30 Nov 2016
- Working Paper Summaries
The Stock Market and Bank Risk-Taking
- January 2019 (Revised December 2020)
- Module Note
Market Attractiveness
By: Ashish Nanda
As a strategist, you must understand and calibrate the environment in which your organization operates. How generous or challenging is the environment? What forces drive the munificence or sparseness of your environment? How are those forces changing, and what is their... View Details
Nanda, Ashish. "Market Attractiveness." Harvard Business School Module Note 719-467, January 2019. (Revised December 2020.)
- Research Summary
Marketing and Competition in Pharmaceutical Markets
In his research on pharmaceutical markets, Professor King explores how marketing and product differentiation affect competition among firms in the prescription market for anti-ulcer drugs. Four main results emerge from an analysis of antiulcer drug sales from 1977 to... View Details
- 18 Jul 2023
- Interview
Jeffrey Rayport on Product Market Fit, Profit Market Fit and Whiplash, and More
By: Jeffrey F. Rayport and Doug Levin
This episode of "Lessons from Startup Life" podcast features Jeffrey Rayport, Senior Lecturer of Business Administration at the Harvard Business School. Jeffrey specializes in teaching and researching growth-stage technology ventures and their scalability. Prior to... View Details
Keywords: Scaling And Growth; Start-up; Diversity; Equity; Inclusion; Technology; Business Startups; Product Marketing; Business Growth and Maturation
"Jeffrey Rayport on Product Market Fit, Profit Market Fit and Whiplash, and More." Lessons from a Startup Life (podcast), July 18, 2023.
- September 2021
- Article
Network Interconnectivity and Entry into Platform Markets
By: Feng Zhu, Xinxin Li, Ehsan Valavi and Marco Iansiti
Digital technologies have led to the emergence of many platforms in our economy today. In certain platform networks, buyers in one market purchase services from providers in many other markets, whereas in others, buyers primarily purchase services from providers within... View Details
Keywords: Network Interconnectivity; Platform Competition; Market Entry; Networks; Digital Platforms; Competition; Market Entry and Exit
Zhu, Feng, Xinxin Li, Ehsan Valavi, and Marco Iansiti. "Network Interconnectivity and Entry into Platform Markets." Information Systems Research 32, no. 3 (September 2021): 1009–1024.
- June 2013
- Supplement
Novozymes/Henrik Meyer, V.P. of Marketing and Business Development, Novozymes
Video Supplement to the case, "Novozymes: Cracking the Emerging Markets Code." View Details
Keywords: Business To Business Marketing; Emerging Markets; Strategy; Chemical Industry; Industrial Products Industry; China; Denmark
Palepu, Krishna G. "Novozymes/Henrik Meyer, V.P. of Marketing and Business Development, Novozymes." Harvard Business School Video Supplement 113-703, June 2013.