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Show Results For
- All HBS Web
(1,557)
- People (1)
- News (280)
- Research (1,075)
- Events (7)
- Multimedia (3)
- Faculty Publications (597)
- June 2003
- Article
Contested Currency: Russia's Ruble in Domestic and International Politics
By: Rawi Abdelal
Abdelal, Rawi. "Contested Currency: Russia's Ruble in Domestic and International Politics." Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics 19, no. 2 (June 2003): 55–76. (Reprinted in Perspectives on the Russian State in Transition, ed. Wolfgang Danspeckgruber. Princeton, N.J.: Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, 2006, pp. 197-219.)
- 2025
- Working Paper
The Political Economy of Firm Networks: CEO Ideology and Global Trade
By: Elisabeth Kempf, Mancy Luo and Margarita Tsoutsoura
We examine how the political ideology of corporate leaders shapes cross-border firm
networks. Exploiting changes in ideological alignment between U.S. firm CEOs and
foreign governments around close foreign elections, we show that U.S. firms are more
likely to... View Details
Keywords: Global Trade; Firm Networks; Political Ideology; Elections; Political Economy; Political Elections; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Trade
Kempf, Elisabeth, Mancy Luo, and Margarita Tsoutsoura. "The Political Economy of Firm Networks: CEO Ideology and Global Trade." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-050, April 2025.
- 2012
- Chapter
The Political Economy of Foreign Aid, Bilateral
By: E. Werker
Despite its developmental justification, aid is deeply political. This paper examines the political economy of aid allocation first from the perspective of the donor country, and then the political economy of aid receipt and implementation from the perspective of the... View Details
Keywords: Foreign Aid; Bilateral Foreign Aid; Political Economy; International Finance; Resource Allocation; Government and Politics; Economics
Werker, E. "The Political Economy of Foreign Aid, Bilateral." In Handbook of Safeguarding Global Financial Stability: Political, Social, Cultural, and Economic Theories and Models, by Gerard Caprio Jr., 47–57. Elsevier, 2012.
- 20 Mar 2018
- Working Paper Summaries
Countering Political Risk in Colonial India: German Multinationals and the Challenge of Internment (1914–1947)
- TeachingInterests
Business, Government, and the International Economy
Business, Government, and the International Economy (BGIE) is a course about the broad economic and political context in which business operates. Throughout their careers business leaders are asked to formulate and lead their firm's responses to the external... View Details
- January 2013 (Revised March 2014)
- Case
The IASB at a Crossroads: The Future of International Financial Reporting Standards (B)
By: Karthik Ramanna, Karol Misztal and Daniela Beyersdorfer
In late 2012, IASB chair Hans Hoogervorst, just over a year into his term, must address several serious geopolitical challenges that can derail IFRS growth. The SEC has issued a report outlining why the U.S. should not adopt IFRS. Other major economies such as Japan... View Details
Keywords: IASB; IFRS; International Politics; Standard Setting; Accounting; International Accounting; International Relations; Government and Politics; Accounting Industry; Public Administration Industry; China; Europe; United States
Ramanna, Karthik, Karol Misztal, and Daniela Beyersdorfer. "The IASB at a Crossroads: The Future of International Financial Reporting Standards (B)." Harvard Business School Case 113-089, January 2013. (Revised March 2014.)
- 2018
- Working Paper
Countering Political Risk in Colonial India: German Multinationals and the Challenge of Internment (1914-1947)
By: Christina Lubinski, Valeria Giacomin and Klara Schnitzer
Internment in so-called “enemy countries” was a frequent occurrence in the 20th century and created significant obstacles for multinational enterprises (MNEs). This article focuses on German MNEs in India and shows how they addressed the formidable challenge of the... View Details
Lubinski, Christina, Valeria Giacomin, and Klara Schnitzer. "Countering Political Risk in Colonial India: German Multinationals and the Challenge of Internment (1914-1947)." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 18-090, March 2018.
- 2021
- Chapter
International Business History and the Strategy of Multinational Enterprises: How History Matters
By: Geoffrey Jones and Teresa da Silva Lopes
This chapter provides an overview of the evolution of international business over the long-run as well as the strategies of MNEs. It highlights how strategies became more complex over time with MNEs moving from being coordinators of resources and managers of... View Details
Keywords: Multinational; International Business; Internalization; Globalization; Theory; Multinational Firms and Management; Business History; Africa; Asia; Europe; Latin America; Middle East; North and Central America
Jones, Geoffrey, and Teresa da Silva Lopes. "International Business History and the Strategy of Multinational Enterprises: How History Matters." Chap. 2 in The Oxford Handbook of International Business Strategy, edited by Kamel Mellahi, Klaus E. Meyer, Rajneesh Narula, Irina Surdu, and Alain Verbeke. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press, 2021.
- September 2011
- Article
Political Instability: Effects on Financial Development, Roots in the Severity of Economic Inequality
By: Mark J. Roe and Jordan I. Siegel
We here bring forward strong evidence that political instability impedes financial development, with its variation a primary determinant of differences in financial development around the world. As such, it needs to be added to the short list of major determinants of... View Details
Keywords: Financial Development; Political Instability; Government and Politics; Finance; Growth and Development; Economics; Equality and Inequality
Roe, Mark J., and Jordan I. Siegel. "Political Instability: Effects on Financial Development, Roots in the Severity of Economic Inequality." Journal of Comparative Economics 39, no. 3 (September 2011): 279–309. (We here bring forward strong evidence that political instability impedes financial development, with its variation a primary determinant of differences in financial development around the world. As such, it needs to be added to the short list of major determinants of financial development. First, structural conditions first postulated by
Engerman and Sokoloff (2002) as generating long-term inequality are shown here empirically to be exogenous determinants of political instability. Second, that exogenously-determined political instability in turn holds back financial development, even when we control for factors prominent in the last decade's cross-country studies of
financial development. The findings indicate that inequality-perpetuating conditions that result in political instability are fundamental roadblocks for international organizations like the World Bank that seek to promote financial development. The evidence here includes country fixed effect regressions and an instrumental model inspired by Engerman and Sokoloff's (2002) work, which to our knowledge has not yet been used in finance and which is consistent with current tests as valid instruments. Four conventional measures of national political instability — Alesina and Perotti's (1996) well-known index of instability, a subsequent index derived from Banks' (2005) work,
and two indices of managerial perceptions of nation-by-nation political instability — persistently predict a wide range of national financial development outcomes for recent decades. Political instability's significance is time consistent in cross-sectional regressions back to the 1960's, the period when the key data becomes available, robust
in both country fixed-effects and instrumental variable regressions, and consistent across multiple measures of instability and of financial development. Overall, the results indicate the existence of an important channel running from structural inequality to political instability, principally in nondemocratic settings, and then to financial
backwardness. The robust significance of that channel extends existing work demonstrating the importance of political economy explanations for financial development and financial backwardness. It should help to better understand which policies will work for financial development, because political instability has causes, cures, and effects quite distinct from those of many of the key institutions most studied in the past decade as explaining financial backwardness.)
- December 2011
- Article
Egalitarianism and International Investment
By: Jordan I. Siegel, Amir N. Licht and Shalom H. Schwartz
This study identifies the effect of a key cultural dimension—egalitarianism—on a set of international investment outcomes. Egalitarianism expresses a society's cultural orientation with respect to intolerance for abuses of market and political power. We show... View Details
Keywords: Egalitarianism; International Investment; Culture; Cultural Distance; Foreign Direct Investment; Informal Institutions; Social Institutions; Cross-listing; Investment; Equality and Inequality; Mergers and Acquisitions
Siegel, Jordan I., Amir N. Licht, and Shalom H. Schwartz. "Egalitarianism and International Investment." Journal of Financial Economics 102, no. 3 (December 2011). (This study identifies the effect of a key cultural dimension - egalitarianism - on a set of international investment outcomes. Egalitarianism expresses a society's cultural orientation with respect to intolerance for abuses of market and political power. We show egalitarianism to be based on exogenous factors including social fractionalization, religion, and war experience. Controlling for a large set of competing explanations, we find a robust influence of egalitarianism distance on cross-border investment flows of equity, debt, and mergers and acquisitions. An informal cultural institution largely determined a century or more ago, egalitarianism influences international investment via an associated set of consistent policy choices made in recent years. But even after controlling for these associated policy choices, egalitarianism continues to exercise a direct effect on cross-border investment flows, likely through its direct influence on managers' daily business conduct.)
- Research Summary
Dissertation: "Essays in International Non-market Strategy and the Political Economy of Environmental Regulation"
My dissertation is part of a research agenda intended to advance our understanding of the interaction between companies and non-market actors (e.g. regulators) in an international context. The empirical setting of my analysis is the European Union Emissions Trading... View Details
- March 2017
- Article
Land Institutions and Chinese Political Economy: Institutional Complementarities and Macroeconomic Management
By: Meg Rithmire
This article critically examines the origins and evolution of China’s unique land institutions and situates land policy in the larger context of China’s reforms and pursuit of economic growth. It argues that the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has strengthened the... View Details
Keywords: China; Economic Reform; Land Politics; Macromanagement; Government and Politics; Macroeconomics; China
Rithmire, Meg. "Land Institutions and Chinese Political Economy: Institutional Complementarities and Macroeconomic Management." Politics & Society 45, no. 1 (March 2017): 123–153.
- July 2003
- Background Note
Expropriation in International Business
By: Geoffrey G. Jones and Meghan Gallagher-Kernstine
Covers several important expropriation cases in international business from the 20th century and highlights the legal and political difficulties these companies faced. Serves to explain expropriation, to stress the vulnerability of foreign direct investments to... View Details
Keywords: Foreign Direct Investment; Global Strategy; Government and Politics; Common Law; Risk Management; Property; Risk and Uncertainty
Jones, Geoffrey G., and Meghan Gallagher-Kernstine. "Expropriation in International Business." Harvard Business School Background Note 804-020, July 2003.
- February 1996
- Background Note
International Institutions
By: David A. Moss, Louis T. Wells Jr. and Lakshmi Gopalan
Describes the IMF, the World Bank Group, the regional development banks, the Bank of International Settlements, the OECD, and the Group of 7. View Details
Keywords: Financial Institutions; Banks and Banking; International Finance; Trade; International Relations; Banking Industry
Moss, David A., Louis T. Wells Jr., and Lakshmi Gopalan. "International Institutions." Harvard Business School Background Note 796-116, February 1996.
- December 2008
- Article
The Political Economy of 'Natural' Disasters
By: Charles Cohen and Eric D. Werker
Natural disasters occur in a political space. Although events beyond our control may trigger a disaster, the level of government preparedness and response greatly determines the extent of suffering incurred by the affected population. We use a political economy model... View Details
Cohen, Charles, and Eric D. Werker. "The Political Economy of 'Natural' Disasters." Journal of Conflict Resolution 52, no. 6 (December 2008): 795–819.
- 05 Apr 2011
- Working Paper Summaries
The Power of Political Voice: Women’s Political Representation and Crime in India
- July 2023
- Article
Political Strategies for Climate and Environmental Solutions
By: Jonas Meckling and Valerie Karplus
Many of the barriers to progress in addressing environmental problems, such as climate change, are political. We argue that politics should not be seen only as a constraint but be recognized as a target of intervention to advance environmental solutions. We use the... View Details
Meckling, Jonas, and Valerie Karplus. "Political Strategies for Climate and Environmental Solutions." Nature Sustainability 6, no. 7 (July 2023): 742–751.
- April 2022
- Article
Going Out or Opting Out? Capital, Political Vulnerability, and the State in China's Outward Investment
By: Meg Rithmire
How do state-business relations interact with outward investment in authoritarian regimes? This paper examines this question in the context of China’s rapid transformation into a major capital exporter. While most political economy scholarship focuses on firms’... View Details
Keywords: Outward Investment; Capital Controls; Corruption; Foreign Direct Investment; Political Economy; State-owned Enterprises; Investment; Global Range; Capital; Globalization; Policy; Government and Politics; China
Rithmire, Meg. "Going Out or Opting Out? Capital, Political Vulnerability, and the State in China's Outward Investment." Comparative Politics 54, no. 3 (April 2022): 477–499.
- 16 Jan 2008
- Working Paper Summaries
The Political Economy of “Natural” Disasters
Keywords: by Charles Cohen & Eric D. Werker
- 2007
- Working Paper
The Political Economy of 'Natural' Disasters
By: Charles Cohen and Eric D. Werker
Natural disasters occur in a political space. Although events beyond our control may trigger a disaster, the level of government preparedness and response greatly determines the extent of suffering incurred by the affected population. We use a political economy model... View Details
Keywords: Policy; Government and Politics; Strategic Planning; Mathematical Methods; Natural Disasters; Welfare or Wellbeing
Cohen, Charles, and Eric D. Werker. "The Political Economy of 'Natural' Disasters." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-040, December 2007. (Revised November 2008.)