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- Faculty Publications (31)
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- All HBS Web (79)
- Faculty Publications (31)
- 04 Nov 2018
- News
Why Large Companies Continue To Struggle With Innovation
- February 2023
- Case
Success Academy Charter Schools
By: Robin Greenwood, Joshua D. Coval, Denise Han, Ruth Page and Dave Habeeb
This stand-alone multimedia case follows the story of Eva Moskowitz and Success Academy, a network of high-performing charter schools in New York City. As a New York City councilor between 1999 and 2006, Moskowitz became frustrated over the inertia and dysfunction in... View Details
Keywords: Business and Government Relations; Performance Effectiveness; Equality and Inequality; Private Sector; Education Industry; New York (city, NY)
Greenwood, Robin, Joshua D. Coval, Denise Han, Ruth Page, and Dave Habeeb. "Success Academy Charter Schools." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Case 222-707, February 2023.
- April 2006 (Revised April 2020)
- Case
"The Case of Leadership Inertia"
The CEO of an international bank has raised the bank's performance by emphasizing a new culture of leadership that empowers people at all levels. Managers are rated both on their business results and their leadership—how they model new behaviors—but 12 senior managers... View Details
- Winter 2022
- Article
Leading Disruption in a Legacy Business: A Compelling Growth Ambition Is a Critical Enabler for New Ventures
By: Andy Binns, Michael Tushman and Charles O'Reilly
Leading innovation in established corporations is difficult. Active inertia and dynamic conservatism are real. Still, leaders can drive disruptive ventures from inside large corporations. These leaders ideate, incubate, and scale innovations, much as an entrepreneur... View Details
Keywords: Disruptive Innovation; Innovation and Management; Leading Change; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Business Model
Binns, Andy, Michael Tushman, and Charles O'Reilly. "Leading Disruption in a Legacy Business: A Compelling Growth Ambition Is a Critical Enabler for New Ventures." MIT Sloan Management Review 63, no. 2 (Winter 2022).
- 2007
- Chapter
Process Management, Technological Innovation, and Organizational Adaptation
By: Mary Benner and M. Tushman
The promise of process management practices is that as organizations focus on variance reduction and increased process control, they will drive both speed and organizational efficiency. However, this promise also accentuates the dark side of process management. These... View Details
- 27 May 2014
- First Look
First Look: May 27
accurate than existing guns, the video case describes how the Navy, as a successful social system, systematically rejected Sims' innovation. The case gets at multiple sources of inertia including culture, capabilities, personality, power,... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
- October 2023 (Revised April 2024)
- Case
TetraScience: Unlocking the Power of Scientific Data
By: Satish Tadikonda and William Marks
After pivoting from a focus on hardware to a focus on scientific data, TetraScience, led by veteran SaaS executive, Patrick Grady and Founder Spin Wang, has embarked on a journey from nearly cash-out to a player in the scientific data management space. This case... View Details
Keywords: Business Model; Change Management; Entrepreneurship; Information Management; Business Strategy; Market Entry and Exit; Information Technology Industry
Tadikonda, Satish, and William Marks. "TetraScience: Unlocking the Power of Scientific Data." Harvard Business School Case 824-072, October 2023. (Revised April 2024.)
- 2022
- Working Paper
Category Kings or Commoners? Marketing Shaping and Its Consequences in Nascent Categories
By: Rory McDonald
For a new market category to materialize, someone must actively bring it into existence. Yet it remains a mystery how entrepreneurs, whose resources are stretched thin, can accomplish this task. Prior research emphasizes the importance of market-shaping... View Details
- May 2014
- Teaching Note
Gunfire at Sea (multi-media case)
By: Michael Tushman
This short video illustrates the challenges of leading innovation and change. This classic case (one of the oldest in the HBS system) retains its timeliness. The case describes how Lt. Sims develops a new form of gunfire at sea—continuous aim gunfire. While 3,000% more... View Details
- Article
Organizational Ambidexterity in Action: How Managers Explore and Exploit
By: Charles A. O'Reilly III and Michael L. Tushman
Dynamic capabilities have been proposed as a useful way to understand how organizations are able to adapt to changes in technology and markets. Organizational ambidexterity, the ability of senior managers to seize opportunities through the orchestration and integration... View Details
Keywords: Decision Choices and Conditions; Management Practices and Processes; Resource Allocation; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Organizational Design; Opportunities
O'Reilly, Charles A., III, and Michael L. Tushman. "Organizational Ambidexterity in Action: How Managers Explore and Exploit." California Management Review 53, no. 4 (Summer 2011): 5–21.
- 2008
- Working Paper
Wellsprings of Creation: How Perturbation Sustains Exploration in Mature Organizations
By: David James Brunner, Bradley R. Staats, Michael L. Tushman and David M. Upton
Organizations struggle to balance simultaneous imperatives to exploit and explore, yet theorists differ as to whether exploitation undermines or enhances exploration. The debate reflects a gap: the missing mechanism by which organizations break free of old routines and... View Details
Brunner, David James, Bradley R. Staats, Michael L. Tushman, and David M. Upton. "Wellsprings of Creation: How Perturbation Sustains Exploration in Mature Organizations." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 09-011, July 2008. (Revised June 2009, September 2010.)
- Research Summary
Formulating technology commercialization strategies
Even if young organizations succeed in acquiring the specialized talent necessary to further develop a recently-discovered technology, they may face an uncertain path in commercializing the original invention. Initial conceptions of what might constitute a useful... View Details
- Article
The Perils of Proactive Churn Prevention Using Plan Recommendations: Evidence from a Field Experiment
By: Eva Ascarza, Raghuram Iyengar and Martin Schleicher
Facing the issue of increasing customer churn, many service firms have begun recommending pricing plans to their customers. One reason behind this type of retention campaign is that customers who subscribe to a plan suitable for them should be less likely to churn... View Details
Keywords: Churn/retention; Field Experiment; Pricing; Tariff/plan Choice; Targeting; Customer Relationship Management; Price; Performance Effectiveness
Ascarza, Eva, Raghuram Iyengar, and Martin Schleicher. "The Perils of Proactive Churn Prevention Using Plan Recommendations: Evidence from a Field Experiment." Journal of Marketing Research (JMR) 53, no. 1 (February 2016): 46–60.
- June 2003
- Case
Judo in Action
Contains four short stories about small firms challenging large firms. Illustrates some of the ideas that have been termed "judo strategy." In each case, one can argue that the small firm attempts to use the large firm's size and incumbency to constrain the large firm... View Details
Corts, Kenneth S., and Deborah Freier. "Judo in Action." Harvard Business School Case 703-454, June 2003.
- Article
Surviving Radical Technological Change through Dynamic Capability: Evidence from the Typesetter Industry
Recent work in the field of management has focused on "dynamic capability," the ability of a firm to develop new capabilities in response to shifts in its external environment, as a significant source of competitive advantage. This paper enhances our understanding of... View Details
Keywords: Management; Technology; History; Competition; Competency and Skills; Investment; Technological Innovation; Business Ventures; Geographic Location; Knowledge Acquisition; Competitive Advantage; Change
Tripsas, M. "Surviving Radical Technological Change through Dynamic Capability: Evidence from the Typesetter Industry." Industrial and Corporate Change 6, no. 2 (March 1997): 341–377.
- 2022
- Working Paper
Why Do Index Funds Have Market Power? Quantifying Frictions in the Index Fund Market
By: Zach Y. Brown, Mark Egan, Jihye Jeon, Chuqing Jin and Alex A. Wu
Index funds are one of the most common ways investors access financial markets and are perceived to be a transparent and low-cost alternative to active investment management. Despite these purported virtues of index fund investing and the introduction of new products... View Details
Keywords: Mutual Funds; Passive Investing; Asset Management; Financial Markets; Investment Funds; Financial Management; Financial Services Industry; United States
Brown, Zach Y., Mark Egan, Jihye Jeon, Chuqing Jin, and Alex A. Wu. "Why Do Index Funds Have Market Power? Quantifying Frictions in the Index Fund Market." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-019, October 2023. (NBER Working Paper Series, No. 31778, October 2023.)
- 2012
- Book
Strategic IQ: Creating Smarter Corporations
By: John R. Wells
In today's world, only the smartest survive. The competitive landscape is littered with graves of well-known firms whose revenues, profits and stock prices rose for decades until they suddenly imploded.
In fast-changing business environments, firms must adapt... View Details
Keywords: Organizational Change and Adaptation; Change Management; Competition; Business Growth and Maturation; Adaptation; Corporate Strategy; Decision Making; Innovation and Invention
Wells, John R. Strategic IQ: Creating Smarter Corporations. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 2012.
- Article
A Choice Prediction Competition for Market Entry Games: An Introduction
By: Ido Erev, Eyal Ert and Alvin E. Roth
A choice prediction competition is organized that focuses on decisions from experience in market entry games (http://sites.google.com/site/gpredcomp/ and http://www.mdpi.com/si/games/predict-behavior/). The competition is based on two experiments: An estimation... View Details
Keywords: Experience and Expertise; Decision Choices and Conditions; Forecasting and Prediction; Learning; Market Entry and Exit; Game Theory; Behavior; Competition
Erev, Ido, Eyal Ert, and Alvin E. Roth. "A Choice Prediction Competition for Market Entry Games: An Introduction." Special Issue on Predicting Behavior in Games. Games 1, no. 2 (June 2010): 117–136.
- 2022
- Chapter
Decarbonizing Academia's Flyout Culture
By: Nicholas Poggioli and Andrew J. Hoffman
Flight is technologically and culturally central to academic life. Academia's flyout culture is built on a set of shared beliefs and values about the importance of flying to being an academic. But flight also generates a large proportion of academia’s carbon emissions,... View Details
Keywords: Carbon Emissions; Air Transportation; Values and Beliefs; Environmental Sustainability; Higher Education; Education Industry
Poggioli, Nicholas, and Andrew J. Hoffman. "Decarbonizing Academia's Flyout Culture." Chap. 10 in Academic Flying and the Means of Communication, edited by Kristian Bjørkdahl and Adrian Santiago Franco Duharte, 237–268. Palgrave Macmillan, 2022.
- May 2007
- Article
Corporate Financing Decisions When Investors Take the Path of Least Resistance
By: Malcolm Baker, Joshua Coval and Jeremy Stein
We explore the consequences for corporate financial policy that arise when investors exhibit inertial behavior. One implication of investor inertia is that, all else equal, a firm pursuing a strategy of equity-financed growth will prefer a stock-for-stock merger to... View Details
Baker, Malcolm, Joshua Coval, and Jeremy Stein. "Corporate Financing Decisions When Investors Take the Path of Least Resistance." Journal of Financial Economics 84, no. 2 (May 2007): 266–298.