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Show Results For
- All HBS Web
(3,053)
- People (64)
- News (915)
- Research (1,335)
- Events (20)
- Multimedia (28)
- Faculty Publications (811)
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- July – August 2008
- Article
Buy-Side vs. Sell-Side Analysts' Earnings Forecasts
By: Boris Groysberg, Paul M. Healy and Craig James Chapman
We compare the earnings forecast performance of analysts at a large buy-side firm to that of sell-side analysts. Our tests show that the buy-side firm analysts make more optimistic and less accurate forecasts than their counterparts on the sell-side. These performance... View Details
Keywords: Motivation and Incentives; Business Earnings; Forecasting and Prediction; Performance Effectiveness
Groysberg, Boris, Paul M. Healy, and Craig James Chapman. "Buy-Side vs. Sell-Side Analysts' Earnings Forecasts ." Financial Analysts Journal 64, no. 4 (July–August 2008): 25 – 39.
- 16 Sep 2013
- Research & Ideas
Earnings Calls That Get Lost in Translation
The CEO's key to a successful earnings call with investors? Crystal clear communication. Earnings calls are typically held after the release of quarterly earnings, allowing company executives a chance to... View Details
Keywords: by Dina Gerdeman
- July 2007
- Article
Earnings Announcement Premia and Limits to Arbitrage
By: Daniel Cohen, Aiyesha Dey, Thomas Lys and Shyam Sunder
We examine the factors underlying the presence of earnings announcement premia. We find that the premia persist beyond the sample period examined in prior studies (ending in 1988), although they decline in magnitude after 1988. Further, premia are lower on the expected... View Details
Cohen, Daniel, Aiyesha Dey, Thomas Lys, and Shyam Sunder. "Earnings Announcement Premia and Limits to Arbitrage." Journal of Accounting & Economics 43, nos. 2-3 (July 2007): 153–180.
- October 2002 (Revised March 2004)
- Case
Management Earnings Disclosure and Pro Forma Reporting
Introduces a discussion of management earnings disclosure and the growing use of pro forma reporting by corporations. Highlights the background of pro forma reporting, how it has been used in the past couple of years, and what the regulators at the capital markets... View Details
Bradshaw, Mark T., and Jacob Cohen. "Management Earnings Disclosure and Pro Forma Reporting." Harvard Business School Case 103-005, October 2002. (Revised March 2004.)
- 2008
- Working Paper
An Investigation of Earnings Management through Marketing Actions
By: Craig James Chapman and Thomas J. Steenburgh
Prior research hypothesizes managers use "real actions," including the reduction of discretionary expenditures, to manage earnings to meet or beat key benchmarks. This paper examines this hypothesis by testing how different types of marketing expenditures are used... View Details
Keywords: Performance Expectations; Earnings Management; Marketing Strategy; Financial Reporting; Brands and Branding; Food and Beverage Industry
Chapman, Craig James, and Thomas J. Steenburgh. "An Investigation of Earnings Management through Marketing Actions." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-073, February 2008. (Revised February 2009, December 2009, June 2010, July 2010.)
- February 2011
- Teaching Note
Google and Earnings Guidance (TN)
By: Francois Brochet
Teaching Note for 111026. View Details
- Article
Forgoing Earned Incentives to Signal Pure Motives
By: Erika L. Kirgios, Edward H. Chang, Emma E. Levine, Katherine L. Milkman and Judd B. Kessler
Policy makers, employers, and insurers often provide financial incentives to encourage citizens, employees, and customers to take actions that are good for them or for society (e.g., energy conservation, healthy living, safe driving). Although financial incentives are... View Details
Keywords: Incentives; Motivation Laundering; Self-signaling; Motivation and Incentives; Behavior; Perception
Kirgios, Erika L., Edward H. Chang, Emma E. Levine, Katherine L. Milkman, and Judd B. Kessler. "Forgoing Earned Incentives to Signal Pure Motives." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 29 (July 21, 2020): 16891–16897.
- March 2011
- Article
What Do Dividends Tell Us About Earnings Quality
By: Douglas Skinner and Eugene F. Soltes
Over the past 30 years, there have been significant changes in the distribution of earnings (cross-sectional variation has increased, with increasing left skewness) as well as in corporate payout policy, with many fewer firms paying dividends and the emergence of stock... View Details
Keywords: Distribution; Business Earnings; Change; Policy; Stocks; Investment Return; Performance Consistency; Quality
Skinner, Douglas, and Eugene F. Soltes. "What Do Dividends Tell Us About Earnings Quality." Review of Accounting Studies 16, no. 1 (March 2011).
- February 1999
- Article
1998 10-K's: Earnings Quality Alert
By: David F. Hawkins
Hawkins, David F. "1998 10-K's: Earnings Quality Alert." Accounting Bulletin, no. 76 (February 1999).
- 02 Dec 2013
- Research & Ideas
Companies Choreograph Earnings Calls to Hide Bad News
The quarterly earnings conference call is a traditional way for public companies to disclose information regarding performance and strategy from the prior quarter. Wall Street analysts and other company watchers dial in, identify... View Details
- January 2010
- Article
Does Public Ownership of Equity Improve Earnings Quality?
We compare the quality of accounting numbers produced by two types of public firms-those with publicly traded equity and those with privately held equity that are nonetheless considered public by virtue of having publicly traded debt. We develop and test two... View Details
- January 1999 (Revised October 2010)
- Background Note
Accumulated Earnings Tax and Personal Holding Company Tax
By: Henry B. Reiling and Mark Pollard
Identifies Congress's concerns and objectives in adopting the Accumulated Earnings Tax and the Personal Holding Company Tax. Also describes the provisions' mechanics and some of their practical implications. View Details
Keywords: Business Earnings; Taxation; Business and Government Relations; Business and Shareholder Relations; Public Administration Industry; United States
Reiling, Henry B., and Mark Pollard. "Accumulated Earnings Tax and Personal Holding Company Tax." Harvard Business School Background Note 299-043, January 1999. (Revised October 2010.)
- 13 Mar 2008
- Working Paper Summaries
An Investigation of Earnings Management through Marketing Actions
- June 2006
- Article
CEO Incentives and Earnings Management
Bergstresser, Daniel B., and Thomas Philippon. "CEO Incentives and Earnings Management." Journal of Financial Economics 80, no. 3 (June 2006): 511–529.
- April 1982 (Revised June 1985)
- Case
Westinghouse Electric Corp.: Quality of Earnings Analysis
Westinghouse had just issued its annual report to shareholders for the year ending December 31, 1973. The report indicates that sales have increased to a record $5.7 billion but that net income is down almost 20% from its record level of $199 million in the previous... View Details
Bartczak, Norman. "Westinghouse Electric Corp.: Quality of Earnings Analysis." Harvard Business School Case 182-239, April 1982. (Revised June 1985.)
- 06 Feb 2006
- What Do You Think?
Should CEOs of Public Companies Offer Earnings Guidance?
Summing Up Based on some of the most thoughtful comments to any of these columns, one might conclude that acceptable earnings guidance by CEOs should take on new forms. Let's first consider the pros and cons, then some research, then some... View Details
- January 2017
- Article
Being Surprised by the Unsurprising: Earnings Seasonality and Stock Returns
By: Tom Y. Chang, Samuel M. Hartzmark, David H. Solomon and Eugene F. Soltes
We present evidence consistent with markets failing to properly price information in seasonal earnings patterns. Firms with historically larger earnings in one quarter of the year (“positive seasonality quarters”) have higher returns when those earnings are usually... View Details
Chang, Tom Y., Samuel M. Hartzmark, David H. Solomon, and Eugene F. Soltes. "Being Surprised by the Unsurprising: Earnings Seasonality and Stock Returns." Review of Financial Studies 30, no. 1 (January 2017): 281–323.
- June 18, 2014
- Blog Post
How to Kill Quarterly Earnings Guidance
By: Gabriel Karageorgiou, Daniela Saltzman and George Serafeim
Karageorgiou, Gabriel, Daniela Saltzman, and George Serafeim. "How to Kill Quarterly Earnings Guidance." HBR Blog Network (June 18, 2014). http://blogs.hbr.org/2014/06/how-to-kill-quarterly-earnings-guidance/.
- March 2009
- Article
Earnings Management and Corporate Tax Shelters, and Book-Tax Alignment
By: Mihir Desai and Dhammika Dharmapala
This paper reviews recent evidence analyzing the link between earnings management and corporate tax avoidance and considers the implications for how policymakers should evaluate the financial reporting environment facing firms. A real-world tax shelter is dissected to... View Details
Desai, Mihir, and Dhammika Dharmapala. "Earnings Management and Corporate Tax Shelters, and Book-Tax Alignment." National Tax Journal 62, no. 1 (March 2009): 169–186.
- June 1985
- Background Note
Computing and Analyzing Earnings per Share
By: David F. Hawkins
Keywords: Profit
Hawkins, David F. "Computing and Analyzing Earnings per Share." Harvard Business School Background Note 185-164, June 1985.