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    • Faculty Publications  (57)

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    • All HBS Web  (411)
      • Faculty Publications  (57)

      Brand EquityRemove Brand Equity →

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      • November 2019 (Revised June 2020)
      • Case

      Shiseido Acquires Drunk Elephant

      By: Jill Avery
      On October 7, 2019, the Shiseido Group announced that it would acquire clean skincare brand Drunk Elephant for $845 million, a valuation of 8.5 times sales. Did Shiseido pay too much or too little for this brand asset? How much was the Drunk Elephant brand worth and... View Details
      Keywords: Personal Care; Startup; Brand Equity; Brand Valuation; Brand Value; Brand Storytelling; Brand Management; Brands and Branding; Valuation; Marketing; Marketing Strategy; Mergers and Acquisitions; Entrepreneurship; Business Startups; Beauty and Cosmetics Industry; Consumer Products Industry; United States; Japan
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      Avery, Jill. "Shiseido Acquires Drunk Elephant." Harvard Business School Case 520-052, November 2019. (Revised June 2020.)
      • April 2019 (Revised October 2020)
      • Case

      Kraft Heinz: The $8 Billion Brand Write-Down

      By: Jill Avery
      On Friday, February 22, 2019, following an unexpected and disappointing earnings report, The Kraft Heinz Company’s stock price fell 27%, wiping out $16 billion in market value. CEO Bernardo Hees had announced that the company had taken a $15.4 billion asset write-down,... View Details
      Keywords: Brand Management; Brand Value; Brand Equity; Marketing ROI; Brand Storytelling; Intangible Assets; Brand Valuation; Marketing; Marketing Strategy; Brands and Branding; Management; Corporate Strategy; Consumer Behavior; Food; Marketing Communications; Advertising; Private Equity; Consumer Products Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; United States; North America
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      Avery, Jill. "Kraft Heinz: The $8 Billion Brand Write-Down." Harvard Business School Case 519-076, April 2019. (Revised October 2020.)
      • January 2019
      • Supplement

      Understanding the Brand Equity of Nestlé Crunch Bar (B): Data Analysis

      By: Jill Avery and Gerald Zaltman
      In early 2018, Nestlé announced the sale of its U.S. candy-making division and a select collection of 20 of its confectionery brands, including the Nestlé Crunch Bar, to Ferrero SpA for $2.8 billion. Luckily, an old consumer research study on the Nestlé Crunch Bar... View Details
      Keywords: Brand Management; Market Research; Brand Positioning; Value Proposition; Consumer Products; Fast Moving Consumer Goods; Qualitative Methods; Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique; ZMET; Data Analysis; Marketing; Marketing Strategy; Brands and Branding; Consumer Behavior; Marketing Communications; Analytics and Data Science; Analysis; Consumer Products Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Advertising Industry; United States; North America; Italy
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      Avery, Jill, and Gerald Zaltman. "Understanding the Brand Equity of Nestlé Crunch Bar (B): Data Analysis." Harvard Business School Supplement 519-062, January 2019.
      • January 2019
      • Case

      Understanding the Brand Equity of Nestlé Crunch Bar: A Market Research Case

      By: Jill Avery and Gerald Zaltman
      In early 2018, Nestlé announced the sale of its U.S. candy-making division and a select collection of 20 of its confectionery brands, including the Nestlé Crunch Bar, to Ferrero SpA for $2.8 billion. Under the terms of the Nestlé acquisition, each of the purchased... View Details
      Keywords: Brand Equity; Marketing; Market Research; Qualitative Research; Marketing Communication; Customer Satisfaction; Brands and Branding; Consumer Behavior; Marketing Communications; Marketing Strategy; Food and Beverage Industry; United States; North America; Italy
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      Avery, Jill, and Gerald Zaltman. "Understanding the Brand Equity of Nestlé Crunch Bar: A Market Research Case." Harvard Business School Case 519-061, January 2019.
      • December 2018 (Revised September 2019)
      • Case

      Brand Activism: Nike and Colin Kaepernick

      By: Jill Avery and Koen Pauwels
      Nike's selection of politically polarizing Colin Kaepernick as the spokesperson for the 30th anniversary of its iconic "Just Do It" campaign catapulted the brand into the media spotlight and made it a political flashpoint for consumers across America. Would the choice... View Details
      Keywords: Digital Marketing; Entertainment; Politics; Activism; Brand Equity; Marketing; Marketing Strategy; Brands and Branding; Marketing Communications; Sports; Advertising; Social Media; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Sports Industry; Consumer Products Industry; United States; North America
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      Avery, Jill, and Koen Pauwels. "Brand Activism: Nike and Colin Kaepernick." Harvard Business School Case 519-046, December 2018. (Revised September 2019.)
      • December 2018 (Revised October 2019)
      • Case

      Barteca: The Challenge and Opportunity of Private Equity

      By: Lena G. Goldberg and Michael S. Kaufman
      Andy Pforzheimer and Sasa Mahr-Batuz, co-founders of a highly successful seven-location restaurant brand, had just opened the first location of a new brand. They had mapped out future expansion for both brands but wondered if, rather than lining up an assortment of... View Details
      Keywords: Restaurants; Brands and Branding; Expansion; Private Equity; Strategy; Decision Making
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      Goldberg, Lena G., and Michael S. Kaufman. "Barteca: The Challenge and Opportunity of Private Equity." Harvard Business School Case 319-076, December 2018. (Revised October 2019.)
      • August 2018
      • Case

      Tapping Growth at Lord Hobo Brewing Company

      By: Ethan Rouen and Susanna Gallani
      Lord Hobo Brewing Company accounts for its inventory process as it prepares to create its first set of professional financial statements for investors. View Details
      Keywords: Inventory; Start-ups; Craft Brewing; Investing; GAAP; Brand Management; Accounting; Working Capital; Entrepreneurship; Private Equity; Business Startups; Business and Shareholder Relations; Food and Beverage Industry; Boston; New England; United States
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      Rouen, Ethan, and Susanna Gallani. "Tapping Growth at Lord Hobo Brewing Company." Harvard Business School Case 119-028, August 2018.
      • June 2018 (Revised October 2020)
      • Case

      Global Brand Management of Anheuser Busch InBev's Budweiser

      By: Jill Avery
      Brian Perkins, chief architect of the $6 billion Budweiser brand, was excited about 2018, in which the company would launch Budweiser into several new markets in Africa and Latin America. He was feeling the pressure to finalize a global brand strategy that would define... View Details
      Keywords: Brand Management; Global Brands; Brand Positioning; Brand Extension; Brand Storytelling; Brand Equity; Marketing; Marketing Strategy; Brands and Branding; Advertising; Global Strategy; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Consumer Behavior; Marketing Communications; Consumer Products Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Advertising Industry; Africa; China; United States; North America; South Africa; Nigeria; Kenya; Cameroon; Canada
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      Avery, Jill. "Global Brand Management of Anheuser Busch InBev's Budweiser." Harvard Business School Case 518-105, June 2018. (Revised October 2020.)
      • March 2018
      • Teaching Note

      Mavi: Fashioning a Path to Brand Growth

      By: Jill Avery and Gamze Yucaoglu
      Mavi, a leading Turkish apparel retailer, had sales of $419 million in 2015, up 20%. Growth rates like these were becoming routine at Mavi. But, its path to growth was getting more challenging, and Turkven, Mavi’s private equity partner, was planning its exit options... View Details
      Keywords: Retailing; Fashion; Brand; Brand Management; Brand Extension; Brand Equity; Private Equity; Marketing; Marketing Strategy; Brands and Branding; Growth and Development Strategy; Decision Choices and Conditions; Retail Industry; Fashion Industry; Turkey; Europe
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      Avery, Jill, and Gamze Yucaoglu. "Mavi: Fashioning a Path to Brand Growth." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 518-094, March 2018.
      • February 2018 (Revised October 2019)
      • Technical Note

      The Art and Science of Brand Valuation

      By: Jill Avery
      Brand valuation, the art and science of calculating the economic value accruing to a firm from its use of an intangible brand asset, yields frustratingly inconsistent, discrepant, and, therefore, controversial results. While it is widely accepted that brands are... View Details
      Keywords: Brand Valuation; Brand Value; Brand; Brand Management; Marketing ROI; Brand Equity; Analytics; Return On Investment; Brands and Branding; Valuation; Marketing; Marketing Strategy; Investment Return; Consumer Behavior; Advertising Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Auto Industry; Beauty and Cosmetics Industry; Electronics Industry; Fashion Industry; Food and Beverage Industry
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      Avery, Jill. "The Art and Science of Brand Valuation." Harvard Business School Technical Note 518-086, February 2018. (Revised October 2019.)
      • January 2018 (Revised October 2019)
      • Case

      Christie's and Leonardo da Vinci's Salvator Mundi: The Value of a Brand

      By: Jill Avery
      A 16th century Renaissance masterpiece, missing for 137 years, believed by many to have been destroyed and then rediscovered less than a decade ago, becomes the most expensive painting ever sold, all the while surrounded by controversy. Did the buyer of Leonardo da... View Details
      Keywords: Brands; Brand Valuation; Art Collector; Arts Marketing; Auction House; Auctions; Luxury Brand; Luxury Consumers; Luxury Goods; Marketing; Valuation; Marketing Strategy; Arts; Luxury; Value; Brands and Branding; Fine Arts Industry; Italy; United Kingdom; Europe; United States; United Arab Emirates
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      Avery, Jill. "Christie's and Leonardo da Vinci's Salvator Mundi: The Value of a Brand." Harvard Business School Case 518-066, January 2018. (Revised October 2019.)
      • May 2017 (Revised August 2021)
      • Case

      Mavi: Fashioning a Path to Brand Growth

      By: Jill Avery and Gamze Yucaoglu
      This case examines the strategic choices and business model with regards to branding at Mavi, a leading Turkish apparel retailer. The case is presented from the perspective of the company CEO and its global brand director who is also part owner. In 2015, Mavi had sales... View Details
      Keywords: Brand Management; Brand Architecture; Brand Portfolio Strategy; Brand Positioning; International Expansion; Retailing; Fashion; Pricing; Fast Fashion; Emerging Economies; Brand Extension; Marketing; Marketing Strategy; Brands and Branding; Emerging Markets; Growth and Development Strategy; Expansion; Global Range; Decision Choices and Conditions; Fashion Industry; Retail Industry; Turkey; Europe; Asia
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      Avery, Jill, and Gamze Yucaoglu. "Mavi: Fashioning a Path to Brand Growth." Harvard Business School Case 517-075, May 2017. (Revised August 2021.)
      • April 3, 2016
      • Guest Column

      The Power of C.E.O. Activism: How Politically Outspoken Executives Sway Public (and Consumer) Opinion

      By: Aaron K. Chatterji and Michael W. Toffel
      Some CEOs are making news by taking public stances on controversial social issues largely unrelated to their core business. This article summarizes the insights from our research paper that shows that such "CEO activism" can influence public opinion and consumer... View Details
      Keywords: Leadership & Corporate Accountability; Non-market Strategy; Corporate Social Responsibility; Politics; Political Influence; Political Strategy; Political Risk; Equity; Gender; Climate Change; Communication Strategy; Law; Leadership; Brands and Branding; Media; Problems and Challenges; Civil Society or Community; Social Issues; Public Opinion; United States; Georgia (state, US); North Carolina; Indiana; Indianapolis
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      Chatterji, Aaron K., and Michael W. Toffel. "The Power of C.E.O. Activism: How Politically Outspoken Executives Sway Public (and Consumer) Opinion." Grey Matter. New York Times (April 3, 2016), SR10.
      • December 2015 (Revised February 2017)
      • Case

      BRF

      By: David E. Bell and Natalie Kindred
      In 2015, BRF's new leadership team is transforming several aspects of the Brazilian protein giant, which had grown sluggish after the 2011 merger that created it. Underlying their reforms are the common goals of reducing bureaucracy, streamlining decision making, and,... View Details
      Keywords: BRF; Brasil Foods; Tarpon; Brazil; Marketing; Protein; Commodity; Commodities; Branding; Turnaround; Culture; Transformation; Mergers; Change Management; Private Equity; Distribution; Food; Goods and Commodities; Supply Chain; Mergers and Acquisitions; Trade; Brands and Branding; Food and Beverage Industry; Brazil
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      Bell, David E., and Natalie Kindred. "BRF." Harvard Business School Case 516-058, December 2015. (Revised February 2017.)
      • December 2014 (Revised October 2015)
      • Case

      Susie Mulder at NIC+ZOE

      By: David Fubini, Joshua Margolis and Kerry Herman
      Susie Mulder must decide how to lead NIC+ZOE—the women's apparel brand she had recently joined as CEO—from its start-up phase into a disciplined growth phase. With growing revenues, a successful product line, and savvy private equity investors, NIC+ZOE seems perfectly... View Details
      Keywords: Clothing; Fashion; Fashion Design; Leadership; Leading Change; Growth and Development Strategy; Private Equity; Decision Making; Apparel and Accessories Industry
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      Fubini, David, Joshua Margolis, and Kerry Herman. "Susie Mulder at NIC+ZOE." Harvard Business School Case 415-043, December 2014. (Revised October 2015.)
      • 2014
      • Other Teaching and Training Material

      Marketing Reading: Brands and Brand Equity

      By: Rohit Deshpandé and Anat Keinan
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      Deshpandé, Rohit, and Anat Keinan. "Marketing Reading: Brands and Brand Equity." Core Curriculum Readings Series. Boston: Harvard Business Publishing 8140, 2014.
      • November 2013
      • Teaching Note

      Cialis Lifecycle Management: Lilly's BPH Dilemma

      By: Elie Ofek and Natalie Kindred
      Keywords: Pharmaceuticals; Brand Management; Brand Equity; Brand Positioning; Product Management; Product Strategy; Pricing; Health Care; Health Care and Treatment; Product Marketing; Product Positioning; Brands and Branding; Marketing Strategy; Marketing; Product Launch; Pharmaceutical Industry; Health Industry
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      Ofek, Elie, and Natalie Kindred. "Cialis Lifecycle Management: Lilly's BPH Dilemma." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 514-009, November 2013.
      • 2013
      • Chapter

      Gender Bender Brand Hijacks and Consumer Revolt: The Porsche Cayenne Story

      By: Jill Avery
      Throughout history, marketers have created gendered brands, creating their brands and the stories they crafted about them in their advertising to appeal either to men or to women. Gendered brands deliver value to consumers, and therefore, deliver value to marketers.... View Details
      Keywords: Consumer Behavior; Brands; Brand Positioning; Brand Equity; Brand Management; Advertising Campaigns; Customer Focus and Relationships; Marketing; Brands and Branding; Marketing Strategy; Auto Industry; Consumer Products Industry
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      Avery, Jill. "Gender Bender Brand Hijacks and Consumer Revolt: The Porsche Cayenne Story." In Consumer Behavior: Human Pursuit of Happiness in a World of Goods. 3rd ed. by Jill Avery, Robert Kozinets, Arch Woodside, Banwari Mittal, and Priya Raghubir, 645–649. Cincinnati: Open Mentis, 2013.
      • December 2012
      • Article

      Defending the Markers of Masculinity: Consumer Resistance to Brand Gender-Bending

      By: Jill Avery
      I study the Porsche Cayenne SUV launch to ethnographically analyze how men consuming a gendered brand respond to perceived brand gender contamination. Consumers' communal gender work in a Porsche brand community is analyzed to uncover brand gender contamination's... View Details
      Keywords: Brands; Brand Building; Brand Equity; Brand Management; Brand Positioning; Marketing; Brands and Branding; Marketing Strategy; Product Marketing; Consumer Behavior; Gender; Identity; Customer Focus and Relationships; Auto Industry; Consumer Products Industry
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      Avery, Jill. "Defending the Markers of Masculinity: Consumer Resistance to Brand Gender-Bending." International Journal of Research in Marketing 29, no. 4 (December 2012): 322–336. (Article was awarded the Marketing Science Institute's Best Paper Award.)
      • September 2012 (Revised November 2014)
      • Case

      Cialis Lifecycle Management: Lilly's BPH Dilemma

      By: Elie Ofek and Natalie Kindred
      How should Eli Lilly further develop and market a new indication of its highly successful erectile-dysfunction (ED) drug, Cialis, without confusing Cialis's hard-won brand equity with physicians and patients? With the final stages of clinical trials for the new... View Details
      Keywords: Product Positioning; Attitudes; Brands and Branding; Pharmaceutical Industry; United States
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      Ofek, Elie, and Natalie Kindred. "Cialis Lifecycle Management: Lilly's BPH Dilemma." Harvard Business School Case 513-005, September 2012. (Revised November 2014.)
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