Publications
Publications
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- All HBS Web
(134)
- Faculty Publications (53)
- Article
Capital Market-Driven Corporate Finance
By: Malcolm Baker
Much of empirical corporate finance focuses on sources of the demand for various forms of capital, not the supply. Recently, this has changed. Supply effects of equity and credit markets can arise from a combination of three ingredients: investor tastes, limited... View Details
- September 2009 (Revised June 2011)
- Supplement
Citigroup's Exchange Offer (B)
By: Robin Greenwood and James Quinn
Citigroup faced considerable distress in early 2009. In late 2008, the bank had accepted $45 billion in preferred equity from the United States government via the Troubled Assets Relief Program (TARP). Yet, the stock had continued to slide in early 2009. In late... View Details
- September 2009 (Revised June 2011)
- Supplement
Citigroup's Exchange Offer (C)
By: Robin Greenwood and James Quinn
Citigroup faced considerable distress in early 2009. In late 2008, the bank had accepted $45 billion in preferred equity from the United States government via the Troubled Assets Relief Program (TARP). Yet, the stock had continued to slide in early 2009. In late... View Details
- July 2009 (Revised June 2015)
- Case
Citigroup's Exchange Offer
By: Robin Greenwood and James Quinn
Citigroup faced considerable distress in early 2009. In late 2008, the bank had accepted $45 billion in preferred equity from the United States government via the Troubled Assets Relief Program (TARP). Yet, the stock had continued to slide in early 2009. In late... View Details
- January 2009
- Article
Multinationals as Arbitrageurs? The Effect of Stock Market Valuations on Foreign Direct Investment
By: Malcolm Baker, C. Fritz Foley and Jeffrey Wurgler
Empirical evidence of imperfect integration across world capital markets suggests a role for cross-border arbitrage by multinationals. Consistent with multinational arbitrage as a determinant of foreign direct investment (FDI) patterns, we find that FDI flows increase... View Details
- January 2008
- Background Note
Convertible Arbitrage
By: Joshua Coval and Erik Stafford
The goal of this simulation is to understand how convertible bonds can be viewed as a portfolio of simpler securities and to introduce an over-the-counter market. The convertible bonds that are available during the simulation are at-the-money and in-the-money so that... View Details
- December 2007 (Revised January 2008)
- Background Note
Evaluating M&A Deals-Announcement Effects, Risk Arbitrage and Event Risk
The announcement of merger or acquisition conveys new information to the capital markets. This note describes how the stock prices of a Buyer and Target behave after the announcement of a deal. First, for an all-stock deal that is certain to go through, the note... View Details
- November 2007
- Background Note
Event Arbitrage
By: Joshua D. Coval and Erik Stafford
The event arbitrage module includes two simulation sessions. The first simulation focuses on analyzing and evaluating individual merger transactions, while the second simulation emphasizes managing a portfolio of individual positions and the limitations of arbitrage... View Details
- November 2007 (Revised March 2008)
- Teaching Note
Event Arbitrage (TN)
By: Joshua D. Coval and Erik Stafford
- July 2007
- Article
Earnings Announcement Premia and Limits to Arbitrage
By: Daniel Cohen, Aiyesha Dey, Thomas Lys and Shyam Sunder
We examine the factors underlying the presence of earnings announcement premia. We find that the premia persist beyond the sample period examined in prior studies (ending in 1988), although they decline in magnitude after 1988. Further, premia are lower on the expected... View Details
- 2007
- Working Paper
Investor Sentiment in the Stock Market
By: Malcolm Baker and Jeffrey Wurgler
Real investors and markets are too complicated to be neatly summarized by a few selected biases and trading frictions. The "top down" approach to behavioral finance focuses on the measurement of reduced form, aggregate sentiment and traces its effects to stock returns.... View Details
- April 2006
- Module Note
Cross-Border Financial Opportunities
By: Mihir A. Desai and Kathleen Luchs
Describes the fifth module in the International Finance course at Harvard Business School. This module explores how segmented capital markets create financing opportunities for firms and the mechanisms that evolve to take advantage of those opportunities. The issues... View Details
- March 2006
- Case
Wells Fargo Convertible Bonds
By: Malcolm P. Baker and Elizabeth Kind
Howard Atkins, the chief financial officer of Wells Fargo, is considering issuing $3 billion in convertible debt. With an investment-grade credit rating, Wells Fargo is not the typical issuer of convertible securities, but the market conditions in 2003 are unusual.... View Details
- March 2005
- Article
Short- and Long-term Demand Curves for Stocks: Theory and Evidence on the Dynamics of Arbitrage
By: Robin Greenwood
I develop a framework to analyze demand curves for multiple risky securities at extended horizons in a setting with limits-to-arbitrage. Following an unexpected change in uninformed investor demand for several assets, I predict returns of each security to be... View Details
- October 2003 (Revised October 2004)
- Case
AT&T Canada (A)
By: Andre F. Perold and Kwame C. Van Leeuwen
AT&T Canada (ATTC) is a merger arbitrage situation where AT&T Corp. has a contractual commitment to purchase the shares of ATTC at an escalating formula price. However, ATTC's business is performing poorly, and its bonds are trading at significant discounts to par.... View Details
- March 2003 (Revised June 2003)
- Case
Risk Arbitrage: Abbott Labs and Alza (A)
By: George C. Chacko, Randolph B. Cohen, Marc Chennault and Andrew Kuhlman
A hedge fund is trying to decide whether to capitalize on a seeming risk arbitrage opportunity that exists during the Abbott Labs acquisition of ALZA. View Details
- November 2002 (Revised November 2006)
- Case
Tax-Motivated Film Financing at Rexford Studios
By: Mihir A. Desai, Gabriel J. Loeb and Mark Veblen
The head of production for Rexford Studios must analyze the terms and value consequences of an international financing involving a German film fund. The financing involves a sale-leaseback structure where international tax rules give rise to a sizable economic pie that... View Details
- April 2002
- Article
Limited Arbitrage in Equity Markets
By: Mark Mitchell, T. Pulvino and Erik Stafford
- April 2002
- Article
Limited Arbitrage in Mergers and Acquisitions
By: Malcolm Baker and Serkan Savasoglu
A diversified portfolio of risk arbitrage positions produces an abnormal return of 0.6-0.9% per month over the period from 1981 to 1996. We trace these profits to practical limits on risk arbitrage. In our model of risk arbitrage, arbitrageurs' risk-bearing capacity... View Details
- August 2001 (Revised April 2002)
- Case
Strategic Capital Management, LLC (A)
By: Mark L. Mitchell, Erik Stafford and Todd Pulvino
Strategic Capital Management, LLC, is a hedge fund that is planning to make financial investments in Creative Computers and Ubid. Creative Computers recently sold approximately 20% of its Internet auction subsidiary, Ubid, to the public at $15 per share. Ubid's stock... View Details