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- All HBS Web (1,731)
- Faculty Publications (450)
- Nov 08 2018
- Testimonial
Earning Potential
- 2005
- Working Paper
Can Mutual Fund Managers Pick Stocks? Evidence from Their Trades Prior to Earnings Announcements
By: Malcolm Baker, Lubomir Litov, Jessica Wachter and Jeffrey Wurgler
We consider measures of stock-picking skill of mutual fund managers based on the earnings announcement returns of the stocks that they hold and trade. Relative to standard approaches, this approach focuses on an especially informative subset of the returns data,... View Details
Keywords: Stocks; Asset Management; Business Earnings; Forecasting and Prediction; Competency and Skills
Baker, Malcolm, Lubomir Litov, Jessica Wachter, and Jeffrey Wurgler. "Can Mutual Fund Managers Pick Stocks? Evidence from Their Trades Prior to Earnings Announcements." NBER Working Paper Series, No. w10685, February 2005. (First Draft in 2004.)
- February 2025
- Case
Managing EPS at Stanley Black & Decker?
The case explores Stanley Black and Decker’s (SBD) 2022 financial restatement announcement, which related to how SBD accounted for certain equity issuances in 2019. These transactions had a minimal effect on earnings but significantly reduced shares outstanding, and... View Details
- 2024
- Working Paper
Private Equity Fund Valuation Management during Fundraising
By: Brian K. Baik
I investigate whether and how private equity fund managers (GPs) inflate their interim fund valuations (net asset values or NAVs) during fundraising periods. Specifically, I study the extent to which the GPs inflate NAVs by managing valuation assumptions (e.g.,... View Details
Keywords: Private Equity; Institutional Investors; Valuation Multiples; Earnings Management; Private Firms; Valuation; Investment Funds
Baik, Brian K. "Private Equity Fund Valuation Management during Fundraising." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-013, August 2022. (Revised May 2024.)
- 2012
- Working Paper
Earnings Management from the Bottom Up: An Analysis of Managerial Incentives Below the CEO
By: Felix Oberholzer-Gee and Julie Wulf
Performance-based pay is an important instrument to align the interests of managers with the interests of shareholders. However, recent evidence suggests that high-powered incentives also provide managers with incentives to manipulate the firm's reported earnings. The... View Details
Keywords: Compensation and Benefits; Interests; Business and Shareholder Relations; Motivation and Incentives; Earnings Management; Performance Evaluation; Stock Options
Oberholzer-Gee, Felix, and Julie Wulf. "Earnings Management from the Bottom Up: An Analysis of Managerial Incentives Below the CEO ." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-056, January 2012. (Revised August 2012.)
- Article
Can Mutual Fund Managers Pick Stocks? Evidence from Their Trades Prior to Earnings Announcements
By: Malcolm Baker, Lubomir Litov, Jessica Wachter and Jeffrey Wurgler
We consider measures of stock-picking skill of mutual fund managers based on the earnings announcement returns of the stocks that they hold and trade. Relative to standard approaches, this approach focuses on an especially informative subset of the returns data,... View Details
Baker, Malcolm, Lubomir Litov, Jessica Wachter, and Jeffrey Wurgler. "Can Mutual Fund Managers Pick Stocks? Evidence from Their Trades Prior to Earnings Announcements." Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 45, no. 5 (October 2010): 1111 –1131.
- 07 Feb 2012
- Working Paper Summaries
Earnings Management from the Bottom Up: An Analysis of Managerial Incentives Below the CEO
Keywords: by Felix Oberholzer-Gee & Julie Wulf
- 16 Sep 2013
- Research & Ideas
Earnings Calls That Get Lost in Translation
The CEO's key to a successful earnings call with investors? Crystal clear communication. Earnings calls are typically held after the release of quarterly earnings, allowing company executives a chance to... View Details
Keywords: by Dina Gerdeman
- December 1999
- Article
A Review of the Earnings Management Literature and its Implications for Standard Setting
By: Paul M. Healy and James Wahlen
Healy, Paul M., and James Wahlen. "A Review of the Earnings Management Literature and its Implications for Standard Setting." Accounting Horizons (December 1999).
- January 2010
- Article
Does Public Ownership of Equity Improve Earnings Quality?
We compare the quality of accounting numbers produced by two types of public firms-those with publicly traded equity and those with privately held equity that are nonetheless considered public by virtue of having publicly traded debt. We develop and test two... View Details
- April 1982 (Revised June 1985)
- Case
Westinghouse Electric Corp.: Quality of Earnings Analysis
Westinghouse had just issued its annual report to shareholders for the year ending December 31, 1973. The report indicates that sales have increased to a record $5.7 billion but that net income is down almost 20% from its record level of $199 million in the previous... View Details
Bartczak, Norman. "Westinghouse Electric Corp.: Quality of Earnings Analysis." Harvard Business School Case 182-239, April 1982. (Revised June 1985.)
- 2024
- Working Paper
Scaling Core Earnings Measurement with Large Language Models
By: Matthew Shaffer and Charles CY Wang
We study the application of large language models (LLMs) to the estimation of core earnings, i.e., a firm's persistent profitability from its core business activities. This construct is central to investors' assessments of economic performance and valuations. However,... View Details
Keywords: Large Language Models; AI and Machine Learning; Accounting; Profit; Corporate Disclosure; Analytics and Data Science; Measurement and Metrics
Shaffer, Matthew, and Charles CY Wang. "Scaling Core Earnings Measurement with Large Language Models." Working Paper, November 2024.
- 23 Apr 2009
- Working Paper Summaries
Does Public Ownership of Equity Improve Earnings Quality?
- June 18, 2014
- Blog Post
How to Kill Quarterly Earnings Guidance
By: Gabriel Karageorgiou, Daniela Saltzman and George Serafeim
Karageorgiou, Gabriel, Daniela Saltzman, and George Serafeim. "How to Kill Quarterly Earnings Guidance." HBR Blog Network (June 18, 2014). http://blogs.hbr.org/2014/06/how-to-kill-quarterly-earnings-guidance/.
- 06 Feb 2006
- What Do You Think?
Should CEOs of Public Companies Offer Earnings Guidance?
it may become part of a larger debate in 2006 about added pressures on managers to produce short-term earnings regardless of the impact on the long-term health of the business. In his annual year-end letter... View Details
- 08 Oct 2018
- Research & Ideas
Knowing What Your Boss Earns Can Make You Work Harder
francescoch Learning that a co-worker earns more than you can decrease your job performance while increasing the likelihood of you searching for a new job, according to a new research study. On the other hand, learning what your View Details
Keywords: by Rachel Layne
- 06 May 2002
- Research & Ideas
Profits for Nonprofits: Earning Your Own Way
"Pay our own way? No way." Not long ago, that was the mantra of many a proud nonprofit organization, living on the largesse of government grants and private donations. But with those income sources drying up, suddenly nonprofits are learning to View Details
Keywords: by Martha Lagace
- 16 Sep 2013
- News
Earnings Calls That Get Lost in Translation
- November 1999
- Background Note
Recognizing Revenues and Expenses: Realized and Earned
By: Robert S. Kaplan
Describes a key concept in financial accounting: choosing an appropriate revenue recognition point. The accrual process requires revenue recognition and expense matching for reporting on the value creation process of companies. Describes the two key criteria for... View Details
Keywords: Accounting Audits; Accrual Accounting; Cost Accounting; Budgets and Budgeting; Revenue; Profit; Cost Management; Value Creation; Competitive Strategy; Financial Statements; Accounting Industry
Kaplan, Robert S. "Recognizing Revenues and Expenses: Realized and Earned." Harvard Business School Background Note 100-050, November 1999.
- December 2011
- Article
Manager-Specific Effects on Earnings Guidance: An Analysis of Top Executive Turnovers
By: Francois Brochet, Lucile Faurel and Sarah McVay
We investigate how managers contribute to the provision of earnings guidance by examining the association between top executive turnovers and guidance. Although firm and industry characteristics are important determinants of guidance, we conclude that CEOs participate... View Details
Keywords: Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Management Teams; Policy; Decisions; Change; Risk and Uncertainty; Leadership
Brochet, Francois, Lucile Faurel, and Sarah McVay. "Manager-Specific Effects on Earnings Guidance: An Analysis of Top Executive Turnovers." Journal of Accounting Research 49, no. 5 (December 2011).