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Show Results For
- All HBS Web
(12,926)
- People (45)
- News (2,578)
- Research (7,618)
- Events (73)
- Multimedia (187)
- Faculty Publications (5,432)
- April 21, 2023
- Article
When Scenario Planning Fails
By: Kalle Heikkinen, William R. Kerr, Mika Malin, Panu Routila and Eemil Rupponen
How can organizations perform scenario planning when they are hit by shocks outside of leaders’ field of vision? Interviews with Nordic executives, who experienced both the Covid-19 pandemic and were in close proximity to Russia as the country invaded Ukraine, can... View Details
Keywords: Planning; Crisis Management; Organizational Structure; Forecasting and Prediction; System Shocks; Organizational Change and Adaptation
Heikkinen, Kalle, William R. Kerr, Mika Malin, Panu Routila, and Eemil Rupponen. "When Scenario Planning Fails." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (April 21, 2023).
- July 2023
- Article
The Old Boys' Club: Schmoozing and the Gender Gap
By: Zoë B. Cullen and Ricardo Perez-Truglia
Offices are social places. Employees and managers take breaks together and talk about
family and hobbies. In this study, we show that employees’ social interactions with their managers
can be advantageous for their careers, and that this phenomenon contributes to the... View Details
Keywords: Career; Promotions; Social Interactions; Networking; Interpersonal Communication; Familiarity; Equality and Inequality; Gender
Cullen, Zoë B., and Ricardo Perez-Truglia. "The Old Boys' Club: Schmoozing and the Gender Gap." American Economic Review 113, no. 7 (July 2023): 1703–1740. (Lead Article.)
- Article
Brand Values and Capital Market Valuation
By: Mary Barth, Michael B. Clement, George Foster and Ron Kasznik
Brand value estimates are significantly positively related to prices and returns, incremental to accounting variables. Questionable brand value estimate reliability underlies lack of financial statement recognition for brands. Findings suggest estimates are relevant... View Details
Barth, Mary, Michael B. Clement, George Foster, and Ron Kasznik. "Brand Values and Capital Market Valuation." Review of Accounting Studies 3, nos. 1-2 (1998): 41–68.
- February 2023
- Article
Nonprofits in Good Times and Bad Times
By: Christine L. Exley, Nils H. Lehr and Stephen J. Terry
Need fluctuates over the business cycle. We conduct a survey revealing a desire for nonprofit activities to countercyclically expand during downturns. We then demonstrate, using comprehensive U.S. nonprofit data drawn from millions of tax returns, that the public's... View Details
Exley, Christine L., Nils H. Lehr, and Stephen J. Terry. "Nonprofits in Good Times and Bad Times." Journal of Political Economy Microeconomics 1, no. 1 (February 2023): 42–79.
- March 2022 (Revised January 2025)
- Technical Note
Linear Regression
This note provides an overview of linear regression for an introductory data science course. It begins with a discussion of correlation, and explains why correlation does not necessarily imply causation. The note then describes the method of least squares, and how to... View Details
Keywords: Data Science; Linear Regression; Mathematical Modeling; Mathematical Methods; Analytics and Data Science
Bojinov, Iavor I., Michael Parzen, and Paul Hamilton. "Linear Regression." Harvard Business School Technical Note 622-100, March 2022. (Revised January 2025.)
- Article
Learning Models for Actionable Recourse
By: Alexis Ross, Himabindu Lakkaraju and Osbert Bastani
As machine learning models are increasingly deployed in high-stakes domains such as legal and financial decision-making, there has been growing interest in post-hoc methods for generating counterfactual explanations. Such explanations provide individuals adversely... View Details
Ross, Alexis, Himabindu Lakkaraju, and Osbert Bastani. "Learning Models for Actionable Recourse." Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) 34 (2021).
- 2021
- Working Paper
Who Closed the Schools?
By: Joshua D. Coval
This paper examines the differences in characteristics between U.S. public schools that opted for virtual instruction because of COVID-19, and schools that did not. Much of the variation can be explained by measures of the degree to which districts favored teachers... View Details
Keywords: Public Education; COVID-19; Virtual Learning; Education; Health Pandemics; Teaching; Internet and the Web; Policy; Outcome or Result; United States
Coval, Joshua D. "Who Closed the Schools?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-127, June 2021.
- 2022
- Article
Missing Novelty in Drug Development
By: Joshua Krieger, Danielle Li and Dimitris Papanikolaou
We provide evidence that risk aversion leads pharmaceutical firms to underinvest in radical innovation. We introduce a new measure of drug novelty based on chemical similarity and show that firms face a risk-reward trade-off: novel drug candidates are less likely to... View Details
Keywords: Drug Development; Risk Aversion; Research and Development; Innovation and Invention; Investment; Pharmaceutical Industry
Krieger, Joshua, Danielle Li, and Dimitris Papanikolaou. "Missing Novelty in Drug Development." Review of Financial Studies 35, no. 2 (February 2022): 636–679.
- February 2020 (Revised August 2022)
- Case
Anomalie
By: Jeffrey F. Rayport and Thomas O. Jones
In early 2019, the founders of Anomalie, an online direct-to-consumer provider of bridal gowns, have just agreed to a $13.6 million Series A investment from a Silicon Valley VC. They are considering three major initiatives as they move forward. (1) To scale their very... View Details
Keywords: Direct-to-consumer; Entrepreneurship; Internet and the Web; Growth and Development Strategy; Decision Choices and Conditions; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Technology Industry
Rayport, Jeffrey F., and Thomas O. Jones. "Anomalie." Harvard Business School Case 820-100, February 2020. (Revised August 2022.)
- June 2020
- Article
Understanding Different Approaches to Benefit-Based Taxation
By: Robert Scherf and Matthew C. Weinzierl
The normative principle of benefit-based taxation has exerted substantial influence on many areas of public finance, but it has been largely set aside in the modern theoretical approach to optimal income taxation, where welfarist objectives dominate. A prerequisite for... View Details
Scherf, Robert, and Matthew C. Weinzierl. "Understanding Different Approaches to Benefit-Based Taxation." Fiscal Studies: The Journal of Applied Public Economics 41, no. 2 (June 2020): 385–410. (Also Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-070, August 2019. (Revised January 2019), and NBER Working Paper Series, No. 26276, September 2019.)
- May 2019
- Background Note
Sources of Capital for Black Entrepreneurs
By: Steven Rogers, Stanley Onuoha and Kayin Barclay
This note was written primarily for black entrepreneurs in order to help them raise capital. The second objective was to recognize the capital providers who are part of the solution to the problem of less than 2% of private equity capital and 1.7% of debt capital in... View Details
Rogers, Steven, Stanley Onuoha, and Kayin Barclay. "Sources of Capital for Black Entrepreneurs." Harvard Business School Background Note 319-117, May 2019.
- May 2018
- Case
Environmental Platform LEEDership at USGBC
By: Michael W. Toffel, Timothy S. Simcoe and Aldo Sesia
By 2018, it was clear that U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) had significantly contributed to the growth of green building and over its 25-year history had become a powerful brand in the construction sector with its Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design... View Details
Keywords: Environmental Sustainability; Standards; Business Model; Leadership; Problems and Challenges; Construction Industry; Green Technology Industry
Toffel, Michael W., Timothy S. Simcoe, and Aldo Sesia. "Environmental Platform LEEDership at USGBC." Harvard Business School Case 618-027, May 2018.
- 2020
- Working Paper
Contract Duration and the Costs of Market Transactions
By: Alexander MacKay
The optimal duration of a supply contract balances the costs of reselecting a supplier against the costs of being matched to an inefficient supplier when the contract lasts too long. I develop a structural model of contract duration that captures this tradeoff and... View Details
Keywords: Vertical Relationships; Transaction Costs; Contract Duration; Identification; Supply Chain; Cost; Contracts; Auctions; Mathematical Methods
MacKay, Alexander. "Contract Duration and the Costs of Market Transactions." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 18-058, December 2017. (Revised May 2020. Direct download.)
- November 2016 (Revised November 2016)
- Case
Mark43
By: Thomas Eisenmann, Mitch Weiss and Halah AlQahtani
The founders of Mark43, an early-stage startup that provides software for law enforcement agencies, must decide whether to bid on a request for proposals (RFP) from the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD). On the one hand, LAPD would be a second large and influential... View Details
- October 2016 (Revised February 2017)
- Teaching Note
Alvogen
By: Daniel Isenberg, William R. Kerr and Alexis Brownell
Alvogen is an Icelandic pharmaceutical company that makes and sells generic drugs. Founder and CEO Robert Wessman is deciding whether to take on private equity investors willing to buy out all shareholders, merge with a large and publicly-traded US pharmaceutical... View Details
- 2017
- Working Paper
What Is a Patent Worth? Evidence from the U.S. Patent 'Lottery'
By: Joan Farre-Mensa, Deepak Hegde and Alexander Ljungqvist
We provide evidence on the value of patents to start-ups by leveraging the random assignment of applications to examiners with different propensities to grant patents. Using unique data on all first-time applications filed at the U.S. Patent Office since 2001, we find... View Details
Farre-Mensa, Joan, Deepak Hegde, and Alexander Ljungqvist. "What Is a Patent Worth? Evidence from the U.S. Patent 'Lottery'." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 23268, March 2017. (Previous version circulated under the title “The Bright Side of Patents”.)
- 2016
- Working Paper
Capital Requirements, Risk Choice, and Liquidity Provision in a Business Cycle Model
By: Juliane Begenau
This paper develops a quantitative dynamic general equilibrium model in which households' preferences for safe and liquid assets constitute a violation of Modigliani and Miller. I show that the scarcity of these coveted assets created by increased bank capital... View Details
Keywords: Capital Requirement; Bank Regulation; Demand For Safe Assets; Business Cycles; Bank Lending; Risk Management; Financial Liquidity; Financing and Loans; Capital; Banks and Banking
Begenau, Juliane. "Capital Requirements, Risk Choice, and Liquidity Provision in a Business Cycle Model." Working Paper. (Revised September 2016.)
- January 2015
- Case
Marie Trellu-Kane at Unis-Cité: Establishing Youth Service in France
By: Julie Battilana, Michel Anteby and Anne-Claire Pache
Marie Trellu-Kane is trying to decide how Unis-Cité should respond to French President Jacques Chirac's announcement in 2005 of a new national voluntary civil service program. Since 1994, Trellu-Kane and her co-founders had been creating and overseeing a civil service... View Details
Keywords: Expansion; Leadership; Non-profit Management; Government And Business; Growth and Development Strategy; Organizational Design; Business and Community Relations; Business and Government Relations; Social Enterprise; Paris
Battilana, Julie, Michel Anteby, and Anne-Claire Pache. "Marie Trellu-Kane at Unis-Cité: Establishing Youth Service in France." Harvard Business School Case 415-035, January 2015.
- Article
Do Supervisors Thrive in Participative Work Systems?
By: Leonard A. Schlesinger and Richard E. Walton
This article presents the findings regarding the nature of the difficulties surrounding the supervisory role in participative work systems, a conceptualization of the supervisor/work group interface, and some action implications for the management of organizations.... View Details
Keywords: Managerial Roles; Organizational Design; Management Practices and Processes; Innovation and Invention
Schlesinger, Leonard A., and Richard E. Walton. "Do Supervisors Thrive in Participative Work Systems?" Organizational Dynamics 7, no. 3 (Winter 1979): 24–38.
- 2014
- Working Paper
Saving More to Borrow Less: Experimental Evidence from Access to Formal Savings Accounts in Chile
By: Felipe Kast and Dina Pomeranz
Poverty is often characterized not only by low and unstable income, but also by heavy debt burdens. We find that reducing barriers to saving through access to free savings accounts decreases participants' short-term debt by about 20%. In addition, participants who... View Details
Kast, Felipe, and Dina Pomeranz. "Saving More to Borrow Less: Experimental Evidence from Access to Formal Savings Accounts in Chile." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 20239, June 2014. (Revision requested by Journal of Public Economics. Featured in La Tercera. Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-001, July 2013)