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- All HBS Web
(2,434)
- Faculty Publications (411)
- June 1996 (Revised November 1996)
- Background Note
Economic Gains from Trade: Comparative Advantage
By: Robert E. Kennedy and Nancy F. Koehn
How nations trade and whether they benefit from it are two of the oldest and most important questions in political economy. In the 170 years since David Ricardo formally developed the theory of comparative advantage, it has become one of the principles most widely... View Details
Kennedy, Robert E., and Nancy F. Koehn. "Economic Gains from Trade: Comparative Advantage." Harvard Business School Background Note 796-183, June 1996. (Revised November 1996.)
- February 1996 (Revised November 2003)
- Case
Indianapolis: Activity-Based Costing of City Services (A)
By: Robert S. Kaplan
A new administration in the City of Indianapolis is initially determined to privatize many municipal services. Before taking this action, however, the city managers want to know the current cost of performing these services with the municipal workers. Existing... View Details
Keywords: Cost Management; Public Sector; Activity Based Costing and Management; Service Delivery; Privatization; City; Indianapolis
Kaplan, Robert S. "Indianapolis: Activity-Based Costing of City Services (A)." Harvard Business School Case 196-115, February 1996. (Revised November 2003.)
- fall 1995
- Article
Standard Setting Consortia, Antitrust, and High-Technology Industries
By: James J. Anton and Dennis A. Yao
Examines the antitrust treatment of private-sector standard setting in the U.S. Applicability of law and decision-making issues in high technology industries; Examination of cost-based facilitating theory; Approach to evaluate the reasonableness of a standard. View Details
Keywords: Private Sector; Information Technology; Law; Decision Making; Cost; Theory; Performance Evaluation; Standards; United States
Anton, James J., and Dennis A. Yao. "Standard Setting Consortia, Antitrust, and High-Technology Industries." Antitrust Law Journal 64, no. 1 (fall 1995): 247–265. (Harvard users click here for full text.)
- August 1995 (Revised August 1995)
- Case
CIGNA Property and Casualty Reengineering (A)
By: Richard L. Nolan, Donna B. Stoddard, Chiara Francalanci and Elise C Martin
Reengineering was introduced at CIGNA Corp. in 1988. CIGNA entered a second wave reengineering effort through a major project at CIGNA P&C, one of CIGNA's larger businesses. P&C was in financial crisis and as a result brought in a new executive team in 1991 to head the... View Details
Keywords: Transformation; Cost vs Benefits; Design; Growth and Development; Analytics and Data Science; Growth and Development Strategy; Balanced Scorecard; Financial Crisis; Crisis Management; Projects; Information Technology; Insurance Industry
Nolan, Richard L., Donna B. Stoddard, Chiara Francalanci, and Elise C Martin. "CIGNA Property and Casualty Reengineering (A)." Harvard Business School Case 196-059, August 1995. (Revised August 1995.)
- March 1995 (Revised April 1995)
- Background Note
Scope of the Corporation, The
By: David J. Collis
Describes analyses that determine the appropriate limit to the scope of the firm. Examines both the production cost justification for firm diversification--economies of scope and shared resources, and the governance cost justification for including transactions inside... View Details
Collis, David J. "Scope of the Corporation, The." Harvard Business School Background Note 795-139, March 1995. (Revised April 1995.)
- February 1995 (Revised August 1995)
- Case
Microsoft in the People's Republic of China, 1993
By: Tarun Khanna
Explores some of the economic and political tradeoffs that need to be negotiated by a firm seeking to influence industry structure. The setting is the nascent personal computer software industry in the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1993. Microsoft has to localize... View Details
Keywords: Cost vs Benefits; Product Marketing; Market Entry and Exit; Market Transactions; Industry Structures; Partners and Partnerships; Vertical Integration; Software; Information Technology Industry; China
Khanna, Tarun. "Microsoft in the People's Republic of China, 1993." Harvard Business School Case 795-115, February 1995. (Revised August 1995.)
- 1995
- Chapter
Securities Transaction Taxes: What about International Experiences Migrating Markets?
By: John Y. Campbell and Kenneth A. Froot
Keywords: Corporation Taxation; Interest Deductibility; Cost of Capital; Taxation; Financing and Loans; Interest Rates; Corporate Finance
Campbell, John Y., and Kenneth A. Froot. "Securities Transaction Taxes: What about International Experiences Migrating Markets?" Chap. 4 in Securities Transaction Taxes: False Hopes and Unintended Consequences, edited by Suzanne Hammond, 110–142. Chicago: Irwin Professional Publishing, 1995. (Reprinted in Inversión y Finanzas, 1996.)
- 1994
- Chapter
International Experiences with Securities Transaction Taxes
By: K. A. Froot and J. Campbell
Keywords: Corporation Taxation; Interest Deductibility; Cost Of Capital; Corporate Finance; Accounting; Borrowing and Debt; Financing and Loans; Interest Rates
Froot, K. A., and J. Campbell. "International Experiences with Securities Transaction Taxes." In The Internationalization of Equity Markets, edited by J. Frankel, 277–308. University of Chicago Press, 1994. (Revised from NBER Working Paper No. 4587, December 1993; also featured in The NBER Digest, May 1994.)
- October 1994 (Revised November 1995)
- Case
N.V. Philips Electronics - Currency Hedging Policies
By: Richard F. Meyer
Describes Philips Electronics' policies and problems relating to foreign exchange risk and hedging. Explains centralization versus decentralization of currency hedging, economic role versus transaction role, the difficulties of capturing the necessary information... View Details
Keywords: Business Divisions; Currency Exchange Rate; International Finance; Globalization; Policy; Information Management; Management; Problems and Challenges; Risk and Uncertainty
Meyer, Richard F. "N.V. Philips Electronics - Currency Hedging Policies." Harvard Business School Case 295-055, October 1994. (Revised November 1995.)
- June 1994
- Case
Harvey Cohen
An introductory case in the construction of financial statements from basic financial transactions where inflation accounting is an issue. A rewritten version of an earlier case. View Details
McFarlan, F. Warren. "Harvey Cohen." Harvard Business School Case 194-155, June 1994.
- March 1994 (Revised October 1994)
- Case
Reading Energy
Reading Energy builds facilities that produce energy from nontraditional fuels. A privately held, entrepreneurial organization, it has spent six years developing a plan to build a waste-to-energy plant in the town of Robbins, Illinois. The plant would burn municipal... View Details
Keywords: Energy Generation; Wastes and Waste Processing; Business and Community Relations; Business Plan; Agreements and Arrangements; Contracts; Risk and Uncertainty; Government and Politics; Environmental Sustainability; Business Strategy; Energy Industry; Utilities Industry; Illinois
Reinhardt, Forest L. "Reading Energy." Harvard Business School Case 794-102, March 1994. (Revised October 1994.)
- October 1993 (Revised October 1996)
- Case
Paragould City Cable
Unhappy with the prices provided by the local, privately owned cable television operator, the city of Paragould, Arkansas constructs a competing municipally owned cable system. Once in operation, Paragould City Cable faces vigorous competition from the incumbent... View Details
Keywords: Business Strategy; Television Entertainment; Competitive Strategy; Distribution Channels; Media; Public Sector; Programs; Growth and Development Strategy; Cost; Performance Improvement; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; Arkansas
Emmons, Willis M., III. "Paragould City Cable." Harvard Business School Case 794-030, October 1993. (Revised October 1996.)
- September 1993 (Revised December 1993)
- Case
Cott Corp.: Private Label in the 1990s
By: Ray A. Goldberg and Robert S. Kaplan
Private label cola, Cott, gets 30% of the market in Canada. How does it move into the U.S. market? How do retailers evaluate its benefit costs? Does Cott use an existing structure or build new ones? Does Cott diversify from drink to snack foods? View Details
Keywords: Private Sector; Cost Management; Labels; Growth and Development Strategy; Market Entry and Exit; Industry Structures; Diversification; Food and Beverage Industry
Goldberg, Ray A., and Robert S. Kaplan. "Cott Corp.: Private Label in the 1990s." Harvard Business School Case 594-031, September 1993. (Revised December 1993.)
- September 1993 (Revised December 1993)
- Background Note
Note on Pricing and Public Policy
Surveys a number of essential issues related to pricing and public policy in market economies. Begins with a brief review of the price-determination process in competitive markets, then examines a range of topics involving pricing and public policy in monopoly and... View Details
Keywords: Price; Business Strategy; Policy; Valuation; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Competition; Economic Systems; Monopoly; Duopoly and Oligopoly; Cost
Emmons, Willis M., III. "Note on Pricing and Public Policy." Harvard Business School Background Note 794-027, September 1993. (Revised December 1993.)
- August 1993
- Article
Transaction Cost Theory: Inferences from Clinical Field Research
Cespedes, Frank V. "Transaction Cost Theory: Inferences from Clinical Field Research." Organization Science 4, no. 3 (August 1993): 454–477.
- August 1993
- Article
Transaction Cost Theory: Inferences from Clinical Field Research on Downstream Vertical Integration
By: V. K. Rangan, E. R. Corey and F. V. Cespedes
Rangan, V. K., E. R. Corey, and F. V. Cespedes. "Transaction Cost Theory: Inferences from Clinical Field Research on Downstream Vertical Integration." Organization Science 4, no. 3 (August 1993): 454–477.
- 1993
- Working Paper
Currency Hedging Over Long Horizons
By: K. A. Froot
This paper reexamines the widely-held wisdom that the currency exposure of international investments should be entirely hedged. It finds that the previously documented ability of hedges to reduce portfolio return variance holds at short horizons, but not at long... View Details
- April 1993 (Revised May 1994)
- Case
General Dynamics and Computer Sciences Corporation: Outsourcing the IS Function (A)
By: F. Warren McFarlan and Katherine Seger
Designed to generate discussion on the issues of outsourcing from the perspective of a firm thinking about turning over its IS activities to a third-party vendor. View Details
Keywords: Management Systems; Management Style; Information Technology; Job Cuts and Outsourcing; Business Strategy; Economic Systems; Business or Company Management; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Business Processes; Employment; Emerging Markets; Activity Based Costing and Management; Information Technology Industry; Consulting Industry
McFarlan, F. Warren, and Katherine Seger. "General Dynamics and Computer Sciences Corporation: Outsourcing the IS Function (A)." Harvard Business School Case 193-144, April 1993. (Revised May 1994.)
- April 1993 (Revised May 2009)
- Case
Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, India: In Service for Sight, The
Starting as a modest 20-bed hospital, Aravind had grown into a 1,400-bed hospital complex by 1992. It had by then screened 3.65 million patients and performed 335,000 cataract surgeries, nearly 70% of them free of cost for the poorest of India's blind population.... View Details
Keywords: Developing Countries and Economies; Social Marketing; Service Delivery; Service Operations; Welfare; Expansion; Health Industry; India
Rangan, V. Kasturi. "Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, India: In Service for Sight, The." Harvard Business School Case 593-098, April 1993. (Revised May 2009.)
- 1993
- Conference Presentation
Transaction Costs and Contractual Choice in Alliances: Implications of Repeated Ties
By: Ranjay Gulati