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- May 1995 (Revised March 1996)
- Case
ToyWorld, Inc.: Information Technology Planning
ToyWorld, a fast growing retailer, was revitalizing its information technology (IT) infrastructure and called in AT&T to help plan for the future. Five strategic alternatives for use of information and communications technology were identified through value chain... View Details
Keywords: Strategic Planning; Information Technology; Growth and Development; Expansion; Partners and Partnerships; Retail Industry
Applegate, Lynda M. "ToyWorld, Inc.: Information Technology Planning." Harvard Business School Case 195-262, May 1995. (Revised March 1996.)
- April 1995 (Revised July 1996)
- Case
Microsoft, 1995
By: Tarun Khanna, David B. Yoffie and Israel Yellen Ganot
Explores Microsoft's core desktop computing software business and its newer endeavors in 1995. Designed to explore the sustainability of its phenomenal success, and to examine the logic behind its renewed emphasis on some areas, particularly the home computing software... View Details
Khanna, Tarun, David B. Yoffie, and Israel Yellen Ganot. "Microsoft, 1995." Harvard Business School Case 795-147, April 1995. (Revised July 1996.)
- 1995
- Article
The Positive Impact of Creative Activity: Effects of Creative Task Engagement and Motivational Focus on College Student's Learning
By: R. Conti, T. M. Amabile and S. Pollack
This study assessed the effectiveness of engaging students in a creative activity on a topic as a means of encouraging an active cognitive set toward learning that topic area. This technique was examined in three motivational contexts. Before reading a short... View Details
Keywords: Creativity; Cognition and Thinking; Behavior; Performance; Motivation and Incentives; Training
Conti, R., T. M. Amabile, and S. Pollack. "The Positive Impact of Creative Activity: Effects of Creative Task Engagement and Motivational Focus on College Student's Learning." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 21 (1995): 1107–1116.
- November 1994
- Background Note
Why Bad Things Happen to Good Companies
By: Benson P. Shapiro, Adrian J. Slywotsky and Richard S. Tedlow
Describes the Darwinian internal and external processes that lead to poor performance from a previously well performing company. Demonstrates why any business design eventually fails and the role of organizational calcification and poor leadership in the failure. Also... View Details
Keywords: Leadership; Management Practices and Processes; Organizational Design; Failure; Performance
Shapiro, Benson P., Adrian J. Slywotsky, and Richard S. Tedlow. "Why Bad Things Happen to Good Companies." Harvard Business School Background Note 595-045, November 1994.
- Article
Internal versus External Capital Markets
By: David S. Scharfstein, Robert Gertner and Jeremy Stein
Scharfstein, David S., Robert Gertner, and Jeremy Stein. "Internal versus External Capital Markets." Quarterly Journal of Economics 109, no. 4 (November 1994): 1211–1230.
- June 1994
- Background Note
Scope and Challenge of Business-to-Business Marketing
Identifies six key linkages that distinguish business-to-business marketing; three with respect to the external environment (i.e., derived demand, complex buying process, and concentrated customer base) and three with respect to the internal organization (emphasis on... View Details
Keywords: Marketing; Customers; Demand and Consumers; Organizational Structure; Order Taking and Fulfillment; Technology
Rangan, V. Kasturi. "Scope and Challenge of Business-to-Business Marketing." Harvard Business School Background Note 594-125, June 1994.
- November 1992 (Revised December 1992)
- Case
Deere & Co. (A): The Computer Aided Manufacturing Services Division - A Window to the World (Abridged)
By: Robert H. Hayes
The Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM) Services Division of John Deere has just received approval to sell their software and computer systems to external customers. These tools, initially developed for internal use, have been widely used throughout Deere. Still,... View Details
Keywords: Information Infrastructure; Applications and Software; Machinery and Machining; Technological Innovation; Markets; Marketing Strategy; Product Launch; Outcome or Result; Computer Industry; Manufacturing Industry
Hayes, Robert H. "Deere & Co. (A): The Computer Aided Manufacturing Services Division - A Window to the World (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 693-051, November 1992. (Revised December 1992.)
- September 1992 (Revised July 1998)
- Case
Germany in the 1990s: Managing Reunification
By: George C. Lodge and James W. Ragsdale
In October 1990, eastern Germany was incorporated into the Federal Republic of Germany. The German people rewarded the architect of these changes, Helmut Kohl, with an enhanced majority in national elections. But only two years later it was hard to remember these heady... View Details
Keywords: Economy; Inflation and Deflation; Central Banking; Interest Rates; Political Elections; Situation or Environment; Integration; Europe; Germany; Italy; United Kingdom
Lodge, George C., and James W. Ragsdale. "Germany in the 1990s: Managing Reunification." Harvard Business School Case 793-033, September 1992. (Revised July 1998.)
- August 1992 (Revised June 1993)
- Case
Compania de Telefonos de Chile
By: W. Carl Kester, Enrique Ostale and Charles McHugh La Follette
The newly privatized Chilean telephone company, Compania de Telefonos de Chile (CTC) must raise substantial new funds externally in order to finance its expansion program. This task is complicated by Chile's small, illiquid capital markets and the skeptical view of... View Details
Keywords: Capital Markets; Financing and Loans; Managerial Roles; Privatization; Expansion; Telecommunications Industry; South America; Chile
Kester, W. Carl, Enrique Ostale, and Charles McHugh La Follette. "Compania de Telefonos de Chile." Harvard Business School Case 293-015, August 1992. (Revised June 1993.)
- May 1992 (Revised May 1993)
- Supplement
Jan Carlzon: CEO at SAS (B)
Summarizes Carlzon's new focus externally on building alliances and acquiring travel service companies. Describes the financial problems resulting from the recession and the Gulf War crisis. Designed as an in-class handout to highlight the long-term management... View Details
Keywords: Acquisition; Financial Crisis; Problems and Challenges; Planning; Leadership; Alliances; Strategy; Air Transportation Industry
Bartlett, Christopher A. "Jan Carlzon: CEO at SAS (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 392-150, May 1992. (Revised May 1993.)
- April 1992 (Revised April 1997)
- Case
Reconstruction of Zambia
Examines the causes of decline--economic, social, and political--of the Zambian economy since 1974. It takes place at the time of the election of Frederick Chiluba, in October 1991. Examines the problems of economic development in Africa, and especially, of structural... View Details
Keywords: Business Cycles; Development Economics; Developing Countries and Economies; Economic Slowdown and Stagnation; Borrowing and Debt; International Finance; Political Elections; Africa; Zambia
Vietor, Richard H.K. "Reconstruction of Zambia." Harvard Business School Case 792-089, April 1992. (Revised April 1997.)
- February 1992 (Revised March 1993)
- Case
Intel Corp.--1992
By: Kenneth A. Froot
Intel Corp., the world's dominant designer and manufacturer of microprocessors (the "brains" of the personal computer), has accumulated a large amount of cash (net of debt). Furthermore, it expects to continue to accumulate cash at an unprecedented rate. Has the... View Details
Keywords: Dividends; Financial Management; Competition; Multinational Firms and Management; Cash; Technological Innovation; Capital Structure; Investment Return; Equity; Financial Strategy; Corporate Finance; Semiconductor Industry; United States
Froot, Kenneth A. "Intel Corp.--1992." Harvard Business School Case 292-106, February 1992. (Revised March 1993.)
- February 1992 (Revised September 2019)
- Case
The House of Tata
By: James E. Austin and Ashish Nanda
The case traces the evolution of the Tata group, one of the largest and highly respected Indian business houses, from its 19th century founding and early growth in diverse industries, to its response to changes in government regulation in independent India, up to its... View Details
Keywords: Indian Economy; International Business; Government And Business; Government Regulation; Synergy; Conglomerates; Business Conglomerates; Developing Countries and Economies; Business and Government Relations; Business History; Steel Industry; Electronics Industry; Chemical Industry; Insurance Industry; Air Transportation Industry; India
Austin, James E., and Ashish Nanda. "The House of Tata." Harvard Business School Case 792-065, February 1992. (Revised September 2019.)
- July 1990 (Revised October 1992)
- Case
Consolidated Equipment Co.
A mature company seeks to rejuvenate itself with internal R&D and external acquisitions. It has developed a DCK model for analyzing the value of a proposed acquisition. A rewritten version of an earlier case by J.K. Butters. View Details
Keywords: Organizational Change and Adaptation; Valuation; Business Growth and Maturation; Research and Development; Acquisition; Capital Budgeting
Hayes, Samuel L., III. "Consolidated Equipment Co." Harvard Business School Case 291-007, July 1990. (Revised October 1992.)
- June 1989
- Background Note
Mastering the Art of Change: Managing Convergence and Upheaval
Outlines the differences between convergent change, which is a process of incremental innovation and continuous improvement, and divergent change, which involves revolutionary changes. Discusses how to manage each type of change and the consequences associated with... View Details
Kanter, Rosabeth M., and Leonard A. Schlesinger. "Mastering the Art of Change: Managing Convergence and Upheaval." Harvard Business School Background Note 389-168, June 1989.
- September 1988 (Revised July 2000)
- Case
Alex Dean
By: Shoshana Zuboff, Dave DeLong and Kathleen Scharf
Traces the evolution of Alex Dean's internal and external careers, exploring his psychological and emotional development, as well as seemingly dramatic shifts in career direction from research scientist to venture capitalist. Designed to encourage students to reflect... View Details
Keywords: Personal Development and Career; Jobs and Positions; Emotions; Research and Development; Venture Capital
Zuboff, Shoshana, Dave DeLong, and Kathleen Scharf. "Alex Dean." Harvard Business School Case 489-039, September 1988. (Revised July 2000.)
- 1988
- Chapter
Adjustment of the U.S. and Japanese External Imbalances
By: K. A. Froot
Froot, K. A. "Adjustment of the U.S. and Japanese External Imbalances." In Papers and Proceedings of the Fourth Economic Planning Agency International Symposium, edited by M. Yoshitomi, 287–304. Economic Planning Agency (Japan), 1988.
- July 1985 (Revised March 1994)
- Background Note
Exposure and Hedging
By: David E. Bell
Describes the concept of exposure; the dependence of a goal on an uncertain external event. Describes in detail how hedges may be constructed to eliminate exposure, including the algebra of cross-hedging and hedge ratios. The relevance of regression analysis is... View Details
Bell, David E. "Exposure and Hedging." Harvard Business School Background Note 186-036, July 1985. (Revised March 1994.)
- February 1985
- Article
Motivation and Creativity: Effects of Motivational Orientation on Creative Writers
By: T. M. Amabile
72 members of the college community who identified themselves as actively involved in creative writing participated in individual laboratory sessions, in which they were asked to write 2 brief poems, to investigate the hypothesis that intrinsic motivation is conducive... View Details
Keywords: Social Psychology; Creativity; Motivation and Incentives; Performance; Personal Characteristics; Situation or Environment
Amabile, T. M. "Motivation and Creativity: Effects of Motivational Orientation on Creative Writers." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 48, no. 2 (February 1985): 393–399.