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- All HBS Web
(2,528)
- People (1)
- News (421)
- Research (1,745)
- Events (9)
- Multimedia (8)
- Faculty Publications (632)
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- Article
Trust and Incentives in Agency
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Daniel F Spulber
Contracts between a principal and an agent are not formed in a vacuum. Although formal contracts between a principal and an agent contain explicit incentives for performance, the relationship between a principal and an agent also involves implicit incentives. Three... View Details
Keywords: Trust; Motivation and Incentives; Agency Theory; Contracts; Market Transactions; Performance; Relationships; Societal Protocols; Legal Liability; Cost
Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Daniel F Spulber. "Trust and Incentives in Agency." Southern California Interdisciplinary Law Journal 15, no. 1 (Fall 2005): 45–104.
- 2015
- Working Paper
The Challenges and Enhancing Opportunities of Global Project Management: Evidence from Chinese and Dutch Cross-Cultural Project Management
By: Ying Zhang, Christopher Marquis, Sergey Filippov, Henk-Jan Haasnoot and Martijn van der Steen
This study investigates the role of national and organisational culture in day-to-day activities of multinational project teams, specifically focusing on differences between Chinese and Dutch project managers. We rely on fieldwork observation and interviews with... View Details
Keywords: Management; Organizational Culture; Projects; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; China; Netherlands
Zhang, Ying, Christopher Marquis, Sergey Filippov, Henk-Jan Haasnoot, and Martijn van der Steen. "The Challenges and Enhancing Opportunities of Global Project Management: Evidence from Chinese and Dutch Cross-Cultural Project Management." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 15-063, February 2015.
- June 2001 (Revised March 2003)
- Case
Alibris (A)
By: Andrew P. McAfee and Kerry Herman
Alibris is an Internet-era company providing search and fulfillment services for hard-to-find (rare, used, and out-of-print) books. At the time of the case, the company had made decisions to change its revenue model, to become involved in the fulfillment process for... View Details
Keywords: Internet and the Web; Service Delivery; Applications and Software; Problems and Challenges; Books; Service Industry
McAfee, Andrew P., and Kerry Herman. "Alibris (A)." Harvard Business School Case 601-111, June 2001. (Revised March 2003.)
- September 1995 (Revised March 2023)
- Background Note
Process Fundamentals
By: Ann E. Gray and James Leonard
This note provides an introduction for a course or module covering the basic elements of production or service operations and how processes are managed. Begins by discussing the activities that take place in a "process." Analysis tools such as the process flow diagram... View Details
Gray, Ann E., and James Leonard. "Process Fundamentals." Harvard Business School Background Note 696-023, September 1995. (Revised March 2023.)
- July 2025
- Article
Reputation Burning: Analyzing the Impact of Brand Sponsorship on Social Influencers
By: Mengjie Cheng and Shunyuan Zhang
The growth of the influencer marketing industry warrants an empirical examination of the effect of posting sponsored videos on influencers' reputations. We collected a novel dataset of user-generated YouTube videos created by prominent English-speaking influencers in... View Details
Keywords: Reputation; Mathematical Methods; Marketing Reference Programs; Social Media; Brands and Branding
Cheng, Mengjie, and Shunyuan Zhang. "Reputation Burning: Analyzing the Impact of Brand Sponsorship on Social Influencers." Management Science 71, no. 7 (July 2025): 5910–5932.
- 27 Dec 2014
- Working Paper Summaries
How Should We Pay for Health Care?
- February 2018
- Case
Redfin
By: Marco Di Maggio and Julia Kelley
Redfin, a technology-powered residential real estate brokerage, was founded in 2002 with the intention of using technology to disrupt the real estate industry. Over the next 15 years, Redfin made several changes to its business model. Initially, the company provided... View Details
- July 2014
- Article
Second-Opinion Pathologic Review is a Patient Safety Mechanism That Helps Reduce Error and Decrease Waste
By: Lavinia Middleton, Thomas W. Feeley, Heidi W. Albright, Ronald Walters and Stanley Hamilton
We have a crisis in health care delivery, originating from increasing health care costs and inconsistent quality-of-care measures. During the past several years, value-based health care delivery has gained increasing attention as an approach to control costs and... View Details
Keywords: Pathology; Diagnostic Errors; Health Care and Treatment; Health Industry; North and Central America
Middleton, Lavinia, Thomas W. Feeley, Heidi W. Albright, Ronald Walters, and Stanley Hamilton. "Second-Opinion Pathologic Review is a Patient Safety Mechanism That Helps Reduce Error and Decrease Waste." Journal of Oncology Practice 10, no. 4 (July 2014): 275–280. (e-Pub 4/2014. PMID: 24695900.)
- 2021
- Working Paper
The Green Bonding Hypothesis: How Do Green Bonds Enhance the Credibility of Environmental Commitments?
By: Shirley Lu
This paper proposes and provides evidence on a green bonding hypothesis, where green bonds act as a commitment device that subjects firms to institutions holding them accountable to their environmental promises. I find that green-bond issuers face higher climate change... View Details
Keywords: Bonding Hypothesis; Sustainable Finance; Climate Change; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Environmental Sustainability; Bonds; Corporate Accountability
Lu, Shirley. "The Green Bonding Hypothesis: How Do Green Bonds Enhance the Credibility of Environmental Commitments?" SSRN Working Paper Series, No. 3898909, December 2021.
- 2016
- Working Paper
Controlling Versus Enabling — Online Appendix
By: Andrei Hagiu and Julian Wright
Section 1 of this online appendix contains the proof of the technical Lemma (Lemma 2) used in the Proof of Lemma 1 in the main paper, which states that Ω* (.) is continuous and differentiable at R*. Section 2 provides the linear example with cost differences between... View Details
Hagiu, Andrei, and Julian Wright. "Controlling Versus Enabling — Online Appendix." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-004, July 2015. (Revised July 2016.)
- Research Summary
When Does IT Foster Markets, When Does it Foster Hierarchies?
The 'Electronic Markets Hypothesis' is, at present, essentially taken for granted. It holds that greater use of IT leads to greater use of market mechanisms for coordinating activity, basically because of IT's ability to reduce the costs of coordination.
The... View Details
- November 2018
- Case
Goldman Sachs: The 10,000 Small Businesses Program
By: Leonard A. Schlesinger and Aldo Sesia
In 2008, Goldman Sachs started the 10,000 Small Businesses program to help small businesses in the United States by providing education and a network of support—at no cost —and access to capital. It required the firm to create a new business ecosystem with a wide... View Details
Keywords: Ecosystem; Public/private Partnership; Small Business; Programs; Education; Partners and Partnerships; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; United States
Schlesinger, Leonard A., and Aldo Sesia. "Goldman Sachs: The 10,000 Small Businesses Program." Harvard Business School Case 319-005, November 2018.
- 09 Apr 2014
- Working Paper Summaries
Visualizing and Measuring Software Portfolio Architectures: A Flexibility Analysis
- 22 Jul 2014
- First Look
First Look: July 22
Publications August 2013 hfm (Healthcare Financial Management) Improving Value with TDABC By: Kaplan, Robert S. Abstract—The article discusses the benefits of time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) combined with outcomes measurement... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
- 28 Jan 2014
- First Look
First Look: January 28
economic trends a central economic activity and shed light on the mechanics of financial markets by providing a range of statistics and information about individual firms. They also raised questions that are still relevant today. What is... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
- November 2018 (Revised June 2019)
- Case
ofo
By: Mitchell Weiss
Dai Wei and his co-founders grew Beijing-based ofo from a school-based startup to a bike-share behemoth in a matter of months, topped an all-out market-share battle fueled with almost $1 billion in venture capital, provided 2 billion bicycle rides, soaked up the... View Details
Keywords: Ofo; Bikeshare; Scale; Platforms; Government As A Platform; Platform Mechanics; Dai Wei; Dockless Bikes; Mobike; Bike-share; Online-to-offline; Mobility; Digital Platforms; Infrastructure; Transportation; Bicycle Transportation; Growth and Development Strategy; Bicycle Industry; China; Beijing
- 04 Oct 2004
- What Do You Think?
Does Speed Trump Intellectual Property?
minimized. Clearly, speed can be used to enhance product development and innovation, providing faster responses to customer needs. But it can also be used effectively by fast imitators, like Fox, to both save design View Details
Keywords: by James Heskett
- January–February 2022
- Article
Mobilizing the U.S. Military’s TRICARE Program for Value-Based Care: A Report From the Defense Health Board
By: Robert S. Kaplan, Paul R. Schaettle, Vivian S. Lee, Michael D. Parkinson, Gregory H. Gorman and Michael-Anne Browne
The U.S. Military Health System spends about $50 billion annually through its TRICARE health plans to provide care to 9.6 million active duty service members, retirees, and their families. TRICARE, historically, has used the predominant U.S. fee-for-service payment... View Details
Kaplan, Robert S., Paul R. Schaettle, Vivian S. Lee, Michael D. Parkinson, Gregory H. Gorman, and Michael-Anne Browne. "Mobilizing the U.S. Military’s TRICARE Program for Value-Based Care: A Report From the Defense Health Board." Military Medicine 187, nos. 1-2 (January–February 2022): 12–16.
- April 2001 (Revised February 2002)
- Case
Level (3) Communications in 2001: The 'Pivotal Year'
Level (3) is one of the most distinctive of the new "fiber backbone" start-ups in the year 2001. Unlike its competitors, Level (3) has built its fiber network--and organization--in such a way that it should be able to utilize future generations of technologically... View Details
Keywords: Communication Technology; Risk Management; Industry Growth; Competitive Advantage; Telecommunications Industry; United States
Silverman, Brian S., and Briana Huntsberger. "Level (3) Communications in 2001: The 'Pivotal Year'." Harvard Business School Case 701-059, April 2001. (Revised February 2002.)
- December 2008
- Case
Merrimack Tractors and Mowers: LIFO or FIFO?
By: William J. Bruns Jr., Sharon Bruns and Susan S. Hameling
At Merrimack Tractors and Mowers in 2008, product manufacturing costs are increasing faster than competitors' costs, and as a result earnings are likely to fall below those reported in 2007. The company president and the company controller have discussed this problem,... View Details
Keywords: International; Financial; Reporting; Standards; Inventory; Business Ethics; Assets; Valuation; Ethics; Taxation; Financial Reporting; Manufacturing Industry
Bruns, William J., Jr., Sharon Bruns, and Susan S. Hameling. "Merrimack Tractors and Mowers: LIFO or FIFO?" Harvard Business School Brief Case 083-217, December 2008.