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      • 2023
      • Article

      Evaluating Explainability for Graph Neural Networks

      By: Chirag Agarwal, Owen Queen, Himabindu Lakkaraju and Marinka Zitnik
      As explanations are increasingly used to understand the behavior of graph neural networks (GNNs), evaluating the quality and reliability of GNN explanations is crucial. However, assessing the quality of GNN explanations is challenging as existing graph datasets have no... View Details
      Keywords: Analytics and Data Science
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      Agarwal, Chirag, Owen Queen, Himabindu Lakkaraju, and Marinka Zitnik. "Evaluating Explainability for Graph Neural Networks." Art. 114. Scientific Data 10 (2023).
      • 2023
      • Article

      Experimental Evaluation of Individualized Treatment Rules

      By: Kosuke Imai and Michael Lingzhi Li
      The increasing availability of individual-level data has led to numerous applications of individualized (or personalized) treatment rules (ITRs). Policy makers often wish to empirically evaluate ITRs and compare their relative performance before implementing them in a... View Details
      Keywords: Causal Inference; Heterogeneous Treatment Effects; Precision Medicine; Uplift Modeling; Analytics and Data Science; AI and Machine Learning
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      Imai, Kosuke, and Michael Lingzhi Li. "Experimental Evaluation of Individualized Treatment Rules." Journal of the American Statistical Association 118, no. 541 (2023): 242–256.
      • January 2023
      • Article

      Firm-Induced Migration Paths and Strategic Human-Capital Outcomes

      By: Prithwiraj (Raj) Choudhury, Tarun Khanna and Victoria Sevcenko
      Firm-induced migration typically entails firms relocating workers to fill value-creating positions at destination locations. But such relocated workers are often exposed to external employment opportunities at their destinations, possibly triggering turnover. We... View Details
      Keywords: Worker Relocation; Turnover; Firm-induced Migration; Smaller Towns; Employee Mobility; Geographic Mobility; Migration; Clusters; Employees; Geographic Location; Performance; Opportunities; Retention; Human Capital; Talent and Talent Management
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      Choudhury, Prithwiraj (Raj), Tarun Khanna, and Victoria Sevcenko. "Firm-Induced Migration Paths and Strategic Human-Capital Outcomes." Management Science 69, no. 1 (January 2023): 419–445.
      • December 2022 (Revised January 2025)
      • Case

      Akooda: Charging Toward Operational Intelligence

      By: Christopher Stanton and Mel Martin
      The Akooda case describes the challenges confronting founder and CEO Yuval Gonczarowski (MBA ‘17) in 2022 as he attempts to boost sales. Launched in November 2020, Akooda was an AI company that mined 20 different sources of digital data, from tools like Slack, Google... View Details
      Keywords: Data Mining; Productivity; Monitoring; Data Analysis; AI and Machine Learning; Knowledge Management; Operations; Problems and Challenges; Employee Relationship Management; Information Technology Industry; Technology Industry; Information Industry; Boston; Israel
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      Stanton, Christopher, and Mel Martin. "Akooda: Charging Toward Operational Intelligence." Harvard Business School Case 823-018, December 2022. (Revised January 2025.)
      • Working Paper

      Diversification as an Adaptive Learning Process: An Empirical Study of General-Purpose and Market-Specific Technological Know-How in New Market Entry

      By: Dominika Kinga Randle and Gary P. Pisano
      An enduring trait of modern corporations is their propensity to diversify into multiple lines of business. Penrosian theories conceptualize diversification as a strategy to exploit a firm’s fungible, yet “untradeable,” resources and point to redeployment of... View Details
      Keywords: Growth and Development Strategy; Technology Adoption; Diversification; Market Entry and Exit; Transformation
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      Randle, Dominika Kinga, and Gary P. Pisano. "Diversification as an Adaptive Learning Process: An Empirical Study of General-Purpose and Market-Specific Technological Know-How in New Market Entry." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-032, December 2022.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Nailing Prediction: Experimental Evidence on the Value of Tools in Predictive Model Development

      By: Daniel Yue, Paul Hamilton and Iavor Bojinov
      Predictive model development is understudied despite its centrality in modern artificial intelligence and machine learning business applications. Although prior discussions highlight advances in methods (along the dimensions of data, computing power, and algorithms)... View Details
      Keywords: Analytics and Data Science
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      Yue, Daniel, Paul Hamilton, and Iavor Bojinov. "Nailing Prediction: Experimental Evidence on the Value of Tools in Predictive Model Development." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-029, December 2022. (Revised April 2023.)
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Stories, Statistics and Memory

      By: Thomas Graeber, Christopher Roth and Florian Zimmermann
      For most decisions, we rely on information encountered over the course of days, months or years. We consume this information in various forms, including abstract summaries of multiple data points – statistics – and contextualized anecdotes about individual instances... View Details
      Keywords: Decision Choices and Conditions; Information Types; Media; Cognition and Thinking
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      Graeber, Thomas, Christopher Roth, and Florian Zimmermann. "Stories, Statistics and Memory." Working Paper, December 2022.
      • 2022
      • Article

      Becoming a Learning Organization While Enhancing Performance: The Case of LEGO

      By: Thomas Borup Kristensen, Henrik Saabye and Amy Edmondson
      Purpose - The purpose of this study is to empirically test how problem-solving lean practices, along with leaders as learning facilitators in an action learning approach, can be transferred from a production context to a knowledge work context for the purpose... View Details
      Keywords: Performance Efficiency; Learning; Organizational Change and Adaptation
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      Kristensen, Thomas Borup, Henrik Saabye, and Amy Edmondson. "Becoming a Learning Organization While Enhancing Performance: The Case of LEGO." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 42, no. 13 (2022): 438–481.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Human-Computer Interactions in Demand Forecasting and Labor Scheduling Decisions

      By: Caleb Kwon, Ananth Raman and Jorge Tamayo
      We empirically analyze how managerial overrides to a commercial algorithm that forecasts demand and schedules labor affect store performance. We analyze administrative data from a large grocery retailer that utilizes a commercial algorithm to forecast demand and... View Details
      Keywords: Employees; Human Capital; Performance; Applications and Software; Management Skills; Management Practices and Processes; Retail Industry
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      Kwon, Caleb, Ananth Raman, and Jorge Tamayo. "Human-Computer Interactions in Demand Forecasting and Labor Scheduling Decisions." Working Paper, December 2022. (R&R Management Science.)
      • December 2022
      • Article

      Initial Coin Offering (ICO) Success and Post-ICO Performance

      By: Evgeny Lyandres, Berardino Palazzo and Daniel Rabetti
      We compile a comprehensive data set of initial coin offerings (ICOs) from 19 data sources including 11 ICO aggregators. We alleviate severe limitations of available ICO data by performing the first systematic analysis of ICO data quality. We use our data set to study... View Details
      Keywords: Cryptocurrency; Investment Return; Entrepreneurial Finance; Success; Performance
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      Lyandres, Evgeny, Berardino Palazzo, and Daniel Rabetti. "Initial Coin Offering (ICO) Success and Post-ICO Performance." Management Science 68, no. 12 (December 2022): 8658–8679.
      • 2022
      • Article

      OpenXAI: Towards a Transparent Evaluation of Model Explanations

      By: Chirag Agarwal, Satyapriya Krishna, Eshika Saxena, Martin Pawelczyk, Nari Johnson, Isha Puri, Marinka Zitnik and Himabindu Lakkaraju
      While several types of post hoc explanation methods have been proposed in recent literature, there is very little work on systematically benchmarking these methods. Here, we introduce OpenXAI, a comprehensive and extensible opensource framework for evaluating and... View Details
      Keywords: Measurement and Metrics; Analytics and Data Science
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      Agarwal, Chirag, Satyapriya Krishna, Eshika Saxena, Martin Pawelczyk, Nari Johnson, Isha Puri, Marinka Zitnik, and Himabindu Lakkaraju. "OpenXAI: Towards a Transparent Evaluation of Model Explanations." Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) (2022).
      • December 2022
      • Article

      Scarlet Letters: Rehabilitation Through Transgression Transparency and Personal Narrative Control

      By: Erin L. Frey, Ethan Bernstein and Nick Rekenthaler
      When employees commit transgressions, organizations often use tools of organizational control to prevent them from transgressing again. We investigate whether organizations can use transgression transparency to rehabilitate transgressors. Although making transgressions... View Details
      Keywords: Transparency; Workplace; Transgressions; Qualitative Research; Management Practices and Processes; Organizations; Employees; Reputation; Communication
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      Frey, Erin L., Ethan Bernstein, and Nick Rekenthaler. "Scarlet Letters: Rehabilitation Through Transgression Transparency and Personal Narrative Control." Administrative Science Quarterly 67, no. 4 (December 2022): 968–1011. (The first two authors contributed equally to this manuscript.)
      • December 2022
      • Article

      The Contribution of Price Growth to Pharmaceutical Revenue Growth in the United States: Evidence from Medicines Sold in Retail Pharmacies

      By: Pragya Kakani, Michael Chernew and Amitabh Chandra
      Context: To what extent does pharmaceutical revenue growth depend on new medicines versus increasing prices for existing medicines? Moreover, does using list prices, as is commonly done, instead of prices net of confidential rebates offered by manufacturers, which are... View Details
      Keywords: Revenue; Price; Policy; Business Strategy; Pharmaceutical Industry
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      Kakani, Pragya, Michael Chernew, and Amitabh Chandra. "The Contribution of Price Growth to Pharmaceutical Revenue Growth in the United States: Evidence from Medicines Sold in Retail Pharmacies." Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 47, no. 6 (December 2022): 629–648.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      The Limits of Decentralized Administrative Data Collection: Experimental Evidence from Colombia

      By: Natalia Garbiras-Diaz and Tara Slough
      States collect vast amounts of data for use in policymaking and public administration. To do so, central governments frequently solicit data from decentralized bureaucrats. Because central governments use these data in policymaking, decentralized bureaucrats may face... View Details
      Keywords: Decentralization; Policy-making; Policy/economics; Policy Evaluation; Governance; Government Administration; Government and Politics; Government Legislation; Policy; Public Opinion; Analytics and Data Science; Latin America; South America; Colombia
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      Garbiras-Diaz, Natalia, and Tara Slough. "The Limits of Decentralized Administrative Data Collection: Experimental Evidence from Colombia." Working Paper, December 2022.
      • December 2022
      • Article

      The Rise of People Analytics and the Future of Organizational Research

      By: Jeff Polzer
      Organizations are transforming as they adopt new technologies and use new sources of data, changing the experiences of employees and pushing organizational researchers to respond. As employees perform their daily activities, they generate vast digital data. These data,... View Details
      Keywords: Organizational Change and Adaptation; Analytics and Data Science; Technology Adoption; Employees
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      Polzer, Jeff. "The Rise of People Analytics and the Future of Organizational Research." Art. 100181. Research in Organizational Behavior 42 (December 2022). (Supplement.)
      • December 2022
      • Article

      The Task Bind: Explaining Gender Differences in Managerial Tasks and Performance

      By: Alexandra C. Feldberg
      This multi-method study of managers in a grocery chain identifies a novel mechanism by which threats of gender stereotypes undermine women’s ability to be effective managers. I find that women managers face a task bind, a dilemma that managers experience as they try to... View Details
      Keywords: Gender Stereotypes; Gender; Managerial Roles; Performance Expectations
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      Feldberg, Alexandra C. "The Task Bind: Explaining Gender Differences in Managerial Tasks and Performance." Administrative Science Quarterly 67, no. 4 (December 2022): 1049–1092.
      • 2022
      • Article

      Which Explanation Should I Choose? A Function Approximation Perspective to Characterizing Post hoc Explanations

      By: Tessa Han, Suraj Srinivas and Himabindu Lakkaraju
      A critical problem in the field of post hoc explainability is the lack of a common foundational goal among methods. For example, some methods are motivated by function approximation, some by game theoretic notions, and some by obtaining clean visualizations. This... View Details
      Keywords: Mathematical Methods; Decision Choices and Conditions; Analytics and Data Science
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      Han, Tessa, Suraj Srinivas, and Himabindu Lakkaraju. "Which Explanation Should I Choose? A Function Approximation Perspective to Characterizing Post hoc Explanations." Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) (2022). (Best Paper Award, International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML) Workshop on Interpretable ML in Healthcare.)
      • November–December 2022
      • Article

      Your Company Needs a Space Strategy. Now.

      By: Matthew Weinzierl, Prithwiraj (Raj) Choudhury, Tarun Khanna, Alan MacCormack and Brendan Rosseau
      Space is becoming a potential source of value for businesses across a range of sectors, including agriculture, pharmaceuticals, consumer goods, and tourism. To understand what the opportunities are for your company, the authors advise you to consider the four ways in... View Details
      Keywords: Space Strategy; Emerging Markets; Natural Resources; Analytics and Data Science; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Adaptation; Competition; Aerospace Industry
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      Weinzierl, Matthew, Prithwiraj (Raj) Choudhury, Tarun Khanna, Alan MacCormack, and Brendan Rosseau. "Your Company Needs a Space Strategy. Now." Harvard Business Review (November–December 2022): 80–91.
      • November 22, 2022
      • Article

      Is Novel Research Worth Doing? Evidence from Peer Review at 49 Journals

      By: Misha Teplitskiy, Hao Peng, Andrea Blasco and Karim R. Lakhani
      There are long-standing concerns that peer review, which is foundational to scientific institutions like journals and funding agencies, favors conservative ideas over novel ones. We investigate the association between novelty and the acceptance of manuscripts submitted... View Details
      Keywords: Research; Journals and Magazines
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      Teplitskiy, Misha, Hao Peng, Andrea Blasco, and Karim R. Lakhani. "Is Novel Research Worth Doing? Evidence from Peer Review at 49 Journals." e2118046119. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 119, no. 47 (November 22, 2022).
      • 2022
      • Article

      How Does Working from Home during COVID-19 Affect What Managers Do? Evidence from Time-Use Studies

      By: Thomaz Teodorovicz, Raffaella Sadun, Andrew L. Kun and Orit Shaer
      We assess how the sudden and widespread shift to working from home during the pandemic impacted how managers allocate time throughout their working day. We analyze the results from an online time-use survey with data on 1,192 knowledge workers (out of which 973 are... View Details
      Keywords: Time-use; Working-from-home; COVID; Managers; Knowledge Workers; Health Pandemics; Time Management
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      Teodorovicz, Thomaz, Raffaella Sadun, Andrew L. Kun, and Orit Shaer. "How Does Working from Home during COVID-19 Affect What Managers Do? Evidence from Time-Use Studies." Human-Computer Interaction 37, no. 6 (2022): 532–557.
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