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  • Research Summary

Performance Measurement and Incentive Alignment

Professor Kulp is interested in how organizations use information to enhance firm performance. The manner in which an organization gathers, analyzes, and uses performance information as part of its internal governance system affects organizational success. Professor... View Details
  • Research Summary

Public Policy and Markets

By: Willis M. Emmons
William (Willis) M. Emmons III is investigating the interaction of public policy, markets, business strategy, and performance at the levels of firm, industry, and society. Emmons' approach draws heavily on economic theories of industrial organization, market failure,... View Details
  • June 1998
  • Article

The Politics of Monetary Leadership and Followership: Stability in the European Monetary System Since the Currency Crisis of 1992

By: Rawi Abdelal
Despite widespread scepticism, there is a fundamental continuity in the stability of the European Monetary System (EMS) before and after the 1992 crisis. Although speculative pressures provoked European leaders to widen the fluctuation bands of the Exchange Rate... View Details
Keywords: Money; Leadership; System; Balance and Stability; Europe
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  • 2024
  • Working Paper

Open Source Software Policy in Industry Equilibrium

Open source software (OSS) is a form of public knowledge widely provided and relied on by the private sector. To study the effects of growing government involvement in this critical public good, I build a new empirical model where high-tech firms choose software inputs... View Details
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  • March 2021 (Revised April 2021)
  • Case

Making Impact Investing Markets: IFC (A)

By: Shawn A. Cole, John Masko and T. Robert Zochowski
In 2017, the International Finance Corporation (IFC) faced the first big investment decision in its new Scaling Solar project. Founded in 1956, IFC was an international investment body with national governments as shareholders, whose mission was to promote economic... View Details
Keywords: Impact Investing; Development Economics; Developing Countries and Economies; Renewable Energy; Climate Change; Environmental Sustainability; Borrowing and Debt; Credit; Equity; Bonds; Financing and Loans; Growth and Development; Emerging Markets; Non-Governmental Organizations; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Investment; Decision Making; Financial Services Industry; Energy Industry; Zambia
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  • Article

Creating Ecotourism in Costa Rica, 1970–2000

By: Geoffrey Jones and Andrew Spadafora
Between the 1970s and the 2000s, Costa Rica became established as the world’s leading ecotourism destination. This article argues that although Costa Rica benefited from biodiversity and a pleasant climate, the country’s preeminence in ecotourism requires more than a... View Details
Keywords: Ecotourism; Entrepreneurship In Emerging Markets; Sustainable Business And Innovation; Tourism; Green Business; Entrepreneurship; Growth and Development; History; Business History; Tourism Industry; Latin America; Costa Rica
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  • 2011
  • Book

Capitalism at Risk: Rethinking the Role of Business

By: Joseph L. Bower, Herman B. Leonard and Lynn S. Paine
The spread of capitalism worldwide has made people wealthier than ever before. But capitalism's future is far from assured. The global financial meltdown of 2008 nearly triggered another Great Depression, economies in Europe are still teetering, and powerful... View Details
Keywords: Business And Society; Economic Systems; Economic Growth; Leading Change; Business and Community Relations; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Business Strategy
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  • September 2009 (Revised June 2011)
  • Supplement

Citigroup's Exchange Offer (C)

By: Robin Greenwood and James Quinn
Citigroup faced considerable distress in early 2009. In late 2008, the bank had accepted $45 billion in preferred equity from the United States government via the Troubled Assets Relief Program (TARP). Yet, the stock had continued to slide in early 2009. In late... View Details
Keywords: Financial Instruments; Financial Services Industry
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  • July 2009 (Revised June 2015)
  • Case

Citigroup's Exchange Offer

By: Robin Greenwood and James Quinn
Citigroup faced considerable distress in early 2009. In late 2008, the bank had accepted $45 billion in preferred equity from the United States government via the Troubled Assets Relief Program (TARP). Yet, the stock had continued to slide in early 2009. In late... View Details
Keywords: Financial Crisis; Capital Markets; Banks and Banking; Stocks; Price; Globalized Markets and Industries; Financial Services Industry
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  • 12 Feb 2021
  • News

The Commercial Space Age Is Here

  • 17 Apr 2014
  • HBS Seminar

Paul Healy, Harvard Business School

    New Perspectives on Regulation

    New regulation shouldn't rely on old ideas. Since the 1960s, influential research on government failure helped to drive the movement for deregulation and privatization. Yet even as this branch of research was flourishing, very different ideas were sprouting in the... View Details
    • 25 Jun 2018
    • Research & Ideas

    In America, Immigrants Really Do Get the Job Done

    develop, and integrate smart minds governs how prosperous you will be.” Studies on whether immigrants to the United States take jobs away from Americans or constitute a drain on social welfare are mixed, says Kerr, with some research... View Details
    Keywords: by Michael Blanding; Agriculture & Agribusiness; Technology; Service
    • March 2023
    • Teaching Note

    Sustainability Reporting at Dollar Tree, Inc.

    By: Suraj Srinivasan and Li-Kuan Ni
    Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 122-044. The case discusses the ESG strategy of Dollar Tree Inc., a U.S. Fortune 500 company in the deep discount retail industry and the shareholder pressure faced by the company. In 2022, the company faced a shareholder resolution from... View Details
    Keywords: ESG; Sustainability; Shareholder Activism; Dollar Tree; Sustainability Reporting; ESG Reporting; Board Of Directors; Shareholder Engagement; GHG; Environmental Accounting; Integrated Corporate Reporting; Trends; Communication; Announcements; Voting; Environmental Management; Climate Change; Environmental Sustainability; Values and Beliefs; Corporate Accountability; Corporate Disclosure; Corporate Governance; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Policy; Reports; Business or Company Management; Risk Management; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Outcome or Result; Strategic Planning; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Situation or Environment; Opportunities; Civil Society or Community; Social Issues; Public Opinion; Strategy; Adaptation; Alignment; Business Strategy; Corporate Strategy; Value Creation; Retail Industry; United States; Virginia
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    • Web

    Research Areas - Institute For Strategy And Competitiveness

    nations, regions and cities; and solutions to social problems. Our mission is to help leaders in business, government and nonprofit organizations make measurable, lasting improvements based on Harvard professor and Institute director... View Details
    • 29 Jan 2024
    • Research & Ideas

    Do Disasters Rally Support for Climate Action? It's Complicated.

    Environmental disasters like wildfires can ignite awareness of climate change and boost eco-friendly politicians’ careers. But do voters perceive a tradeoff between environmental policies and local economic growth? In Brazil, home to a majority of the Amazon tropical... View Details
    Keywords: by Rachel Layne
    • 28 Apr 2009
    • First Look

    First Look: April 28, 2009

    is set at the close of the annual meeting in May 2008, when shareholders have voted against all incumbent board members. Steel Partners must act quickly. The case serves as an overview of corporate governance issues in Japan, as well as... View Details
    Keywords: Martha Lagace
    • Web

    Globalization - Faculty & Research

    is a high propensity for earnings management. Overall, these findings suggest that country factors explain mean reversion in accounting returns and are therefore relevant for firm valuation. Article Spanning the Institutional Abyss: The Intergovernmental Network and... View Details
    • March 2023 (Revised May 2023)
    • Case

    Tribal Councils Investment Group of Manitoba Ltd.

    By: David L. Ager
    In the Fall of 2014, Heather Berthelette, the recently appointed COO of Tribal Councils Investment Group of Manitoba Ltd. (TCIG), was preparing a recommendation to the Board of Directors about whether to dissolve the company and return any remaining funds to the seven... View Details
    Keywords: Indigenous Communities; Corporate Governance; Governing and Advisory Boards; Social Enterprise; Economic Growth; Investment Banking; Canada
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    • 09 Apr 2007
    • Research & Ideas

    Industry Self-Regulation: What’s Working (and What’s Not)?

    embedded in the product. When you look at a rug, for example, you can't tell whether bonded or child labor were used to create it. Most of these programs have been initiated by industry associations, standards bodies like ISO, or NGOs. Even View Details
    Keywords: by Martha Lagace