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  • All HBS Web  (7,616)
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  • September 1999 (Revised February 2004)
  • Case

WebSpective Software, Inc. (A)

By: Michael J. Roberts, Joseph B. Lassiter III, John T. Gourville and Sun Ming Wong
Describes the situation at WebSpective, a software company that develops products to help companies manage the network of servers that support their Websites. Describes the use of "concept engineering" tools to interview customers, determine their needs and the... View Details
Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Management Practices and Processes; Customers; Customer Focus and Relationships; Communication Intention and Meaning; Product Development; Product Marketing; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Customer Satisfaction; Marketing Strategy; Information Technology Industry
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Roberts, Michael J., Joseph B. Lassiter III, John T. Gourville, and Sun Ming Wong. "WebSpective Software, Inc. (A)." Harvard Business School Case 800-136, September 1999. (Revised February 2004.)
  • September 22, 2023
  • Article

How Software Companies Can Avoid the Trap of Product-Led Growth

By: Jeffrey J. Bussgang and Oliver Jay
Companies like Slack and Dropbox have pioneered the use of Product-Led Growth (PLG). They start by building a product that’s indispensable for small teams, then count on low friction and customer advocates to expand throughout the organization. PLG works, at least at... View Details
Keywords: Growth and Development Strategy; Product; Network Effects; Business Strategy
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Bussgang, Jeffrey J., and Oliver Jay. "How Software Companies Can Avoid the Trap of Product-Led Growth." Harvard Business Review (website) (September 22, 2023).
  • October 2015
  • Article

How Smart, Connected Products Are Transforming Companies

By: Michael E. Porter and James E. Heppelmann
The evolution of products into intelligent, connected devices is revolutionizing business. In a November 2014 article, "How Smart, Connected Products Are Transforming Competition," Harvard Business School professor Michael Porter and PTC president and CEO James... View Details
Keywords: Organizational Change and Adaptation; Technological Innovation; Information Technology; Organizational Structure; Operations; Business Strategy
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Porter, Michael E., and James E. Heppelmann. "How Smart, Connected Products Are Transforming Companies." Harvard Business Review 93, no. 10 (October 2015): 97–114.
  • January 2004 (Revised October 2006)
  • Case

Electronic Arts in Online Gaming

By: Thomas R. Eisenmann and Justin Wong
Electronic Arts (EA), the world's largest independent video-game publisher, must decide whether to support Microsoft's initiatives in online gaming. Historically, EA has been platform-agnostic, releasing versions of its titles for all major console platforms. However,... View Details
Keywords: Corporate Strategy; Digital Platforms; Network Effects; Policy; Customer Focus and Relationships; Games, Gaming, and Gambling; Revenue; Segmentation; Sales; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; Electronics Industry
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Eisenmann, Thomas R., and Justin Wong. "Electronic Arts in Online Gaming." Harvard Business School Case 804-140, January 2004. (Revised October 2006.)
  • 16 Jun 2020
  • Research & Ideas

Your Customers Have Changed. Here's How to Engage Them Again.

customers to come to them, they need to go to their customers. Past research demonstrates that firms who maintain or accelerate customer-centric philosophies consistently outperform firms that do not. In fact, they gain market share from... View Details
Keywords: by Rohit Deshpandé, Ofer Mintz, and Imran S. Currim; Retail; Service
  • 2013
  • Dissertation

Designing Freemium: A Model of Consumer Usage, Upgrade, and Referral Dynamics

By: Clarence Lee, Vineet Kumar and Sunil Gupta
Abstract. Over the past decade "freemium" (free + premium) has become the dominant business model among internet start-ups for its ability to acquire and monetize a large install-base with limited marketing resources. Freemium is a hybrid strategy where a firm offers... View Details
Keywords: Discrete-Continuous Choice Dynamic Structural Models; Bayesian Estimation; Word-of-Mouth; Digital Services; Freemium; Entrepreneurship; Business Model; Motivation and Incentives; Marketing Strategy; Internet and the Web; Consumer Behavior; Marketing Reference Programs; Business Startups
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Lee, Clarence, Vineet Kumar, and Sunil Gupta. "Designing Freemium: A Model of Consumer Usage, Upgrade, and Referral Dynamics." Diss., Harvard Business School, 2013. (Job Market Paper.)
  • January 1995 (Revised September 1997)
  • Case

TV Guide (B)

By: Jeffrey F. Rayport
TV Guide, the nation's most profitable and largest magazine, attempts entry into the world of electronic publishing. The crux of TV Guide's strategy is to transform the magazine's content into a centralized database that can be accessed by new businesses, like... View Details
Keywords: Market Entry and Exit; Service Delivery; Information Technology; Marketing; Information Publishing; Service Industry; Publishing Industry
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Rayport, Jeffrey F., and Steven M. Salzinger. "TV Guide (B)." Harvard Business School Case 395-032, January 1995. (Revised September 1997.)
  • June 2014
  • Case

Airgas, Inc.

By: Eric Van den Steen and Jason Karl
In 2013, Airgas was the market leader in packaged industrial gas distribution. Recent acquisitions had made it into a larger player in upstream gas production as well, where it competed with Praxair and Air Products. Should Airgas continue building a position in gas... View Details
Keywords: Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Competitive Strategy; Competency and Skills; Value Creation
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Van den Steen, Eric, and Jason Karl. "Airgas, Inc." Harvard Business School Case 714-517, June 2014.
  • November 1990 (Revised September 1991)
  • Case

The Transformation of IBM

By: Andrall E. Pearson and David B. Yoffie
John Akers, IBM's chairman, must confront how to transform a $60 billion, full line, global computer company that is the leader in every market it serves, yet losing share across the board. The case explores senior management's perspective on the process of... View Details
Keywords: Organizational Change and Adaptation; Transformation; Corporate Strategy; Adoption; Management Teams; Information Infrastructure; Information Technology; Multinational Firms and Management; Computer Industry
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Pearson, Andrall E., and David B. Yoffie. "The Transformation of IBM." Harvard Business School Case 391-073, November 1990. (Revised September 1991.)
  • September 2006 (Revised July 2012)
  • Case

PSI India—Will Balbir Pasha Help Fight AIDS? (A)

By: Elie Ofek and Peter Wickersham
In 2002, Population Services International (PSI) was committed to curbing the growing HIV/AIDS epidemic in India. Sanjay Chaganti, program director of HIV/AIDS at PSI India, has to decide on the best communication strategy to achieve this goal. Up to this date most... View Details
Keywords: Advertising Campaigns; Communication Strategy; Health Disorders; Marketing Communications; Social Marketing; Social Enterprise; India
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Ofek, Elie, and Peter Wickersham. "PSI India—Will Balbir Pasha Help Fight AIDS? (A)." Harvard Business School Case 507-032, September 2006. (Revised July 2012.)
  • June 2011 (Revised May 2012)
  • Case

Reckitt Benckiser: Fast and Focused Innovation

By: Rebecca M. Henderson and Ryan Johnson
Since its 1999 merger Reckitt Benckiser (RB), a global consumer goods company, led by its CEO Bart Becht, RB developed a reputation for rapid product innovation and industry leading profit margins. RB's stated strategy was to focus on its Powerbrands and high growth... View Details
Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Global Strategy; Innovation Leadership; Leadership Style; Growth and Development Strategy; Brands and Branding; Product Development; Performance Improvement; Commercialization; Consumer Products Industry
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Henderson, Rebecca M., and Ryan Johnson. "Reckitt Benckiser: Fast and Focused Innovation." Harvard Business School Case 311-116, June 2011. (Revised May 2012.)

    William A. Sahlman

    William Sahlman is a Baker Foundation Professor of Business Administration at Harvard Business School.

    Mr. Sahlman received an A.B. degree in Economics from Princeton University (1972), an M.B.A. from Harvard University (1975), and a Ph.D. in Business... View Details

    Keywords: marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry; marketing industry
    • April 1998 (Revised May 2001)
    • Supplement

    Acquisition of Consolidated Rail Corporation (B), The

    By: Benjamin C. Esty, Lori A. Flees and Mathew M Millett
    Eight days after CSX announced it was going to buy Consolidated Rail (Conrail) for $88.65 per share, Norfolk Southern made a hostile $100 per share bid for Conrail. Over the next several months, the potential acquirers upped their bids while exchanging criticism in the... View Details
    Keywords: Law; Valuation; Rail Transportation; Bids and Bidding; Governance Controls; Mergers and Acquisitions; Business Strategy; Corporate Finance; Rail Industry; United States
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    Esty, Benjamin C., Lori A. Flees, and Mathew M Millett. "Acquisition of Consolidated Rail Corporation (B), The." Harvard Business School Supplement 298-095, April 1998. (Revised May 2001.)
    • 17 Jan 2023
    • In Practice

    8 Trends to Watch in 2023

    As 2023 begins, businesses and employees face an uncertain economy and labor market, as the twin dilemmas of inflation and interest rates weigh on forecasts. Harvard Business School faculty share the top trends that they believe will shape the workplace and markets... View Details
    Keywords: by Avery Forman
    • Teaching Interest

    Overview

    By: Jeffrey J. Bussgang

    Launching Technology Ventures
    Launching Technology Ventures (LTV) is designed for students who are actively working on their own startups or who will work at early-stage startups. The course material is, in particular, focused on new businesses in the... View Details

    • January 2011
    • Case

    Serious Materials

    By: Thomas J. Steenburgh and Elizabeth A. Kind
    Serious Materials is a start up who is moving into clean tech markets. The company's first product, QuietRock, originated the sound proofing drywall category and created a steady stream of revenue. It was now considering how to expand its product line to compete in the... View Details
    Keywords: Business Startups; Entrepreneurship; Brands and Branding; Marketing Strategy; Product Launch; Product Positioning; Market Entry and Exit; Green Technology Industry
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    Steenburgh, Thomas J., and Elizabeth A. Kind. "Serious Materials." Harvard Business School Case 511-111, January 2011.
    • December 2020
    • Case

    VIA Science (A)

    By: Juan Alcácer, Rembrand Koning, Annelena Lobb and Kerry Herman
    Via (a) captures the early days of the data analytics startup as founders Gounden and Ravanis considered which markets offer the right opportunities for their firm and what kinds of experiments will help them narrow their choice. Supplement Via (b) reveals the... View Details
    Keywords: Data Analytics; Machine Learning; Artificial Intelligence; Strategy; Business Startups; Markets; AI and Machine Learning; Telecommunications Industry; Utilities Industry; United States; Japan
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    Alcácer, Juan, Rembrand Koning, Annelena Lobb, and Kerry Herman. "VIA Science (A)." Harvard Business School Case 721-367, December 2020.
    • 26 Mar 2013
    • First Look

    First Look: March 26

      Publications International Marketing Review Achievement Motivation, Strategic Orientations and Business Performance in Entrepreneurial Firms: How Different Are Japanese and American Founders? By: Deshpandé, Rohit, Amir Grinstein, Elie... View Details
    Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
    • February 2017
    • Case

    Dick's Sporting Goods

    By: Rajiv Lal, Jose B. Alvarez and Matthew G. Preble
    Edward Stack, chairman and CEO of Dick’s Sporting Goods (DKS), faced a rapidly changing sporting goods landscape in October 2016. Two large competitors—The Sports Authority and Sport Chalet—had folded earlier that year, and DKS had to contend with increasingly robust... View Details
    Keywords: Sporting Goods; Retail; Employees; Growth and Development Strategy; Growth Management; Product Marketing; Demand and Consumers; Consumer Behavior; Product; Service Delivery; Service Operations; Partners and Partnerships; Business Strategy; Competition; Corporate Strategy; Expansion; Internet and the Web; E-commerce; Retail Industry; United States; Pennsylvania
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    Lal, Rajiv, Jose B. Alvarez, and Matthew G. Preble. "Dick's Sporting Goods." Harvard Business School Case 517-007, February 2017.
    • 2020
    • Working Paper

    Accounting for Product Impact in the Consumer Finance Industry

    By: George Serafeim and Katie Trinh
    We apply the product impact measurement framework of the Impact-Weighted Accounts Initiative (IWAI) in two competitor credit card providers within the consumer finance industry. We design a monetization methodology that allows us to calculate monetary impact estimates... View Details
    Keywords: Product Innovation; Impact; Impact Investing; Impact Measurement; ESG; ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) Performance; ESG Ratings; Social Corporate Responsibility; Corporate Social Responsibility; Social Impact; Consumer Finance; Financial Services; Financial Inclusion; Product; Product Design; Product Positioning; Society; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Personal Finance; Credit Cards; Financial Services Industry
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    Serafeim, George, and Katie Trinh. "Accounting for Product Impact in the Consumer Finance Industry." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-061, November 2020. (Revised December 2020.)
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