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- All HBS Web
(1,700)
- People (1)
- News (339)
- Research (1,107)
- Events (9)
- Multimedia (11)
- Faculty Publications (590)
- January 2015
- Article
X-CAPM: An Extrapolative Capital Asset Pricing Model
By: Nicholas Barberis, Robin Greenwood, Lawrence Jin and Andrei Shleifer
Survey evidence suggests that many investors form beliefs about future stock market returns by extrapolating past returns. Such beliefs are hard to reconcile with existing models of the aggregate stock market. We study a consumption-based asset pricing model in which... View Details
Barberis, Nicholas, Robin Greenwood, Lawrence Jin, and Andrei Shleifer. "X-CAPM: An Extrapolative Capital Asset Pricing Model." Journal of Financial Economics 115, no. 1 (January 2015): 1–24.
- January 2014 (Revised February 2015)
- Case
YouTube for Brands
By: Thales Teixeira and Leora Kornfeld
This case examines the changes employed by YouTube to make the massively popular site more attractive to brands. Building from its base of amateur, user-generated content, YouTube had turned to experimenting with professionally-made content and organizing its videos... View Details
Keywords: Marketing; Internet and the Web; Decision Choices and Conditions; Digital Marketing; Brands and Branding; Advertising Industry; Motion Pictures and Video Industry; Entertainment and Recreation Industry
Teixeira, Thales, and Leora Kornfeld. "YouTube for Brands." Harvard Business School Case 514-048, January 2014. (Revised February 2015.)
- 2024
- Working Paper
The Value of Open Source Software
By: Manuel Hoffmann, Frank Nagle and Yanuo Zhou
The value of a non-pecuniary (free) product is inherently difficult to assess. A pervasive
example is open source software (OSS), a global public good that plays a vital role in the economy
and is foundational for most technology we use today. However, it is... View Details
Hoffmann, Manuel, Frank Nagle, and Yanuo Zhou. "The Value of Open Source Software." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-038, January 2024.
- 2019
- Article
When Gender Diversity Makes Firms More Productive
By: Stephen Turban, Dan Wu and Letian Zhang
Does diversity make a company more productive? Many say yes—some researchers argue that gender diversity leads to more innovative thinking and signals to investors that a company is competently run. Others say no—conflicting research indicates that gender diversity can... View Details
Turban, Stephen, Dan Wu, and Letian Zhang. "When Gender Diversity Makes Firms More Productive." Harvard Business Review (website) (February 11, 2019).
- 2007
- Working Paper
Team Familiarity, Role Experience, and Performance: Evidence from Indian Software Services
By: Robert S. Huckman, Bradley R. Staats and David M. Upton
Much of the literature on team learning views experience as a unidimensional concept captured by the cumulative production volume of, or the number of projects completed by, a team. Implicit in this approach is the assumption that teams are stable in their membership... View Details
Keywords: Experience and Expertise; Learning; Performance Improvement; Projects; Groups and Teams; Familiarity; Information Technology Industry; India
Huckman, Robert S., Bradley R. Staats, and David M. Upton. "Team Familiarity, Role Experience, and Performance: Evidence from Indian Software Services." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-019, September 2007. (Revised February 2008, July 2008.)
- Research Summary
Pricing and Promotions
Price promotions offered by product manufacturers to channel intermediaries are the subject of much current debate, as well as attempts by packaged goods manufacturers to curb, if not eliminate, their use. Samuel S. Chun's research, which includes the development of... View Details
- September 2021 (Revised October 2021)
- Case
Tesla's Uncertain Fate as EV Race Accelerates
By: David Collis and Haisley Wert
By September 2021, Tesla had a staggering market cap of $755 billion. As the leader of the automobile industry, Tesla’s worth surpassed that of the six largest runner-ups combined, including Toyota, Volkswagen, BYD, Daimler, Great Wall Motors, and General Motors. As... View Details
Keywords: Electric Vehicles; Strategy; Corporate Strategy; Valuation; Competitive Advantage; Value Creation; Auto Industry
Collis, David, and Haisley Wert. "Tesla's Uncertain Fate as EV Race Accelerates." Harvard Business School Case 722-368, September 2021. (Revised October 2021.)
- August 2022
- Article
Contract Duration and the Costs of Market Transactions
By: Alexander MacKay
The optimal duration of a supply contract balances the costs of reselecting a supplier against the costs of being matched to an inefficient supplier when the contract lasts too long. I develop a structural model of contract duration that captures this tradeoff and... View Details
Keywords: Supply Contracts; Intermediate Goods; Switching Costs; Vertical Relationships; Transaction Costs; Contract Duration; Identification; Supply Chain; Cost; Contracts; Auctions; Mathematical Methods
MacKay, Alexander. "Contract Duration and the Costs of Market Transactions." American Economic Journal: Microeconomics 14, no. 3 (August 2022): 164–212.
- February 2016
- Article
Do Measures of Financial Constraints Measure Financial Constraints?
By: Joan Farre-Mensa and Alexander Ljungqvist
Financial constraints are fundamental to empirical research in finance and economics. We propose two tests to evaluate how well measures of financial constraints actually capture constraints. We find that firms typically classified as constrained do not in fact behave... View Details
Keywords: Corporate Finance
Farre-Mensa, Joan, and Alexander Ljungqvist. "Do Measures of Financial Constraints Measure Financial Constraints?" Review of Financial Studies 29, no. 2 (February 2016): 271–308.
- June 2013 (Revised June 2014)
- Case
Valero Energy Corporation and Tight Oil
By: Richard H.K. Vietor, Eric Adamson, Aaron Byrd, Ned Chiverton, Mariko Meier and Rob Rain
Valero Energy, an incredibly successful US refiner, needs to make some decisions about tight oil. As production of light tight oil increases—from Eagle Ford, Bakken and elsewhere—Valero considers whether to add topping capacity to handle it, on top of its recent... View Details
Keywords: Petroleum; Oil ＆ Gas; Energy; Environment; Refining; Globalization; Tight Oil; Strategy; Natural Environment; Demand and Consumers; Supply and Industry; Policy; Energy Sources; Energy Industry; United States
Vietor, Richard H.K., Eric Adamson, Aaron Byrd, Ned Chiverton, Mariko Meier, and Rob Rain. "Valero Energy Corporation and Tight Oil." Harvard Business School Case 713-083, June 2013. (Revised June 2014.)
- April 2010 (Revised September 2011)
- Case
Supply Chain Partners: Virginia Mason and Owens & Minor (A) (Abridged)
By: V.G. Narayanan and Lisa Brem
Owens & Minor (O&M) performed lean inventory services for Virginia Mason (VM) as its Alpha Vendor, but the outdated industry pricing model created perverse incentives and could not capture O&M's costs. Together, O&M and VM created an activity-based pricing model: Total... View Details
Keywords: Supply Chain Management; Partners and Partnerships; Activity Based Costing and Management; Business Model; Non-Governmental Organizations; Nonprofit Organizations; Motivation and Incentives; Asset Pricing; Cost Accounting; Fair Value Accounting; Medical Devices and Supplies Industry
Narayanan, V.G., and Lisa Brem. "Supply Chain Partners: Virginia Mason and Owens & Minor (A) (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 110-063, April 2010. (Revised September 2011.)
- 07 Oct 2014
- HBS Seminar
Dylan Minor, Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University
Self-Interest: The Economist's Straitjacket
This paper examines contemporary economic theories that focus on the design and management of business organizations. In the first part of the paper, a taxonomy is presented that describes the different types of economists interested in this subject—market... View Details
How to Negotiate with VCs
VC-entrepreneur partnership agreements often contain flaws that become highly damaging as the parties come up against issues of power, trust, and much more. Yet many of the flaws are systematic and predictable—and hence preventable. The author, a longtime consultant... View Details
- March 2025
- Case
Metaphysic AI: Rethinking the Value of Human Expertise
By: Zoë B. Cullen, Shikhar Ghosh and Shweta Bagai
In early 2025, Thomas Graham, CEO of Metaphysic, a leading AI generative video company confronted fundamental questions about who should control digital identity in a world where AI could perfectly recreate human likeness. Founded in 2021, Metaphysic first rose to fame... View Details
Keywords: Business Model; Ethics; AI and Machine Learning; Intellectual Property; Rights; Negotiation; Motion Pictures and Video Industry; Technology Industry
Cullen, Zoë B., Shikhar Ghosh, and Shweta Bagai. "Metaphysic AI: Rethinking the Value of Human Expertise." Harvard Business School Case 825-146, March 2025.
- December 2024
- Article
Large Shocks Travel Fast
By: Alberto Cavallo, Francesco Lippi and Ken Miyahara
We document a sizeable increase in the frequency of price adjustments following the large energy shocks of 2022. We use a tractable New Keynesian model, calibrated to the pre-shock data, to interpret such a pattern. The calibration highlights the state-dependence of... View Details
Cavallo, Alberto, Francesco Lippi, and Ken Miyahara. "Large Shocks Travel Fast." American Economic Review: Insights 6, no. 4 (December 2024): 558–574.
- May 2020
- Article
Measuring Collaboration in Modern Organizations
By: Stephen Michael Impink, Andrea Prat and Raffaella Sadun
Internal communication has been a central theme in organizational economics, as employee collaboration provides insight into the structure of firms. Use of electronic communications data can be transformational for organizational economics, as these data provide a... View Details
Keywords: Collaboration; Employees; Interactive Communication; Measurement and Metrics; Organizations; Performance
Impink, Stephen Michael, Andrea Prat, and Raffaella Sadun. "Measuring Collaboration in Modern Organizations." AEA Papers and Proceedings 110 (May 2020): 181–186.
- Article
Integrated Strategy: Residual Market and Exchange Imperfections as the Foundation of Sustainable Competitive Advantage
By: Felix Oberholzer-Gee and Dennis Yao
Market imperfections are central to understanding the mechanisms that permit firms to capture value. Many of these imperfections are competed away when firms struggle to attain and defend competitive advantages, making markets more efficient in the process. The... View Details
Keywords: Integrated Strategy; Nonmarket Strategy; Market Imperfections; Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
Oberholzer-Gee, Felix, and Dennis Yao. "Integrated Strategy: Residual Market and Exchange Imperfections as the Foundation of Sustainable Competitive Advantage." Special Issue on Strategy and the Institutional Environment edited by Gautam Ahuja, Laurence Capron, Michael Lenox, and Dennis A. Yao. Strategy Science 3, no. 2 (June 2018): 463–480.
- February 2010
- Article
The Optimal Taxation of Height: A Case Study of Utilitarian Income Redistribution
By: N. Gregory Mankiw and Matthew C. Weinzierl
Should the income tax include a credit for short taxpayers and a surcharge for tall ones? The standard Utilitarian framework for tax analysis answers this question in the affirmative. Moreover, a plausible parameterization using data on height and wages implies a... View Details
Mankiw, N. Gregory, and Matthew C. Weinzierl. "The Optimal Taxation of Height: A Case Study of Utilitarian Income Redistribution." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 2, no. 1 (February 2010): 155–176.
- December 2006 (Revised August 2009)
- Case
Disney Consumer Products: Marketing Nutrition to Children
By: David E. Bell and Laura Winig
In an effort to capture market share in the children's foods category, Disney Consumer Products (DCP) debuted a broad line of "better for you" foods, ranging from fresh fruits and vegetables to frozen meals, through a partnership with Kroger supermarkets. In answer to... View Details
Keywords: Age; Nutrition; Brands and Branding; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Partners and Partnerships; Social Issues; Consumer Products Industry; Food and Beverage Industry
Bell, David E., and Laura Winig. "Disney Consumer Products: Marketing Nutrition to Children." Harvard Business School Case 507-006, December 2006. (Revised August 2009.)