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- All HBS Web (519)
- Faculty Publications (406)
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- August 1994 (Revised October 1996)
- Case
MicroFridge
By: Norman A. Berg and James Weber
MicroFridge, a five-year-old, $12 million company based in Sharon, Mass., develops and sells a unique, combination compact refrigerator and microwave oven. All of the manufacturing is done for it by Sanyo in various overseas locations. The founder and president... View Details
Keywords: Production; Competitive Strategy; Entrepreneurship; Business Startups; Supply Chain Management; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Consumer Products Industry; Massachusetts
Berg, Norman A., and James Weber. "MicroFridge." Harvard Business School Case 395-027, August 1994. (Revised October 1996.)
- January 2025 (Revised March 2025)
- Case
DJI- Striving for Innovation Amid Contestation
By: William C. Kirby and Daniel Fu
DJI was founded in a college dorm room in Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong. By 2020, DJI, a company manufacturing drones, occupied a 77% share of consumer drone sales in the United States with a wide array of clients including law enforcement and government agencies. Its... View Details
- January 2011
- Supplement
Vodafone in Japan (C)
By: Juan Alcacer, Mary Furey and Mayuka Yamazaki
An update to Vodafone cases A and B, describing Softbank's acquisition of Vodafone and its performance in Japan. View Details
Keywords: Acquisition; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Knowledge Acquisition; Performance; Motivation and Incentives; Adaptation; Diversification; Expansion; Telecommunications Industry; Japan
Alcacer, Juan, Mary Furey, and Mayuka Yamazaki. "Vodafone in Japan (C)." Harvard Business School Supplement 711-470, January 2011.
- March 2009 (Revised June 2010)
- Case
TOTO: The Bottom Line
TOTO, the leading manufacturer of toilets in Japan, is struggling to penetrate the U.S. market with its premier bidet-toilets, which are present in 63% of homes in Japan. The case examines the behavioral, cultural, and institutional barriers that TOTO faces in gaining... View Details
Keywords: Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Disruptive Innovation; Product Positioning; Market Entry and Exit; Organizational Culture; Consumer Products Industry; Japan; United States
Tripsas, Mary, Masako Egawa, and Jun Fukuyoshi. "TOTO: The Bottom Line." Harvard Business School Case 809-064, March 2009. (Revised June 2010.)
- May 1999 (Revised July 1999)
- Background Note
Global Friction Among Information Infrastructures
By: George C. Lodge and Cate Reavis
Examines the conflicts in international communications that result from changing technologies and divergent country policies toward developing infrastructures. Examines a number of different national information infrastructures (NIIs). Points of friction, such as... View Details
Keywords: Conflict Management; Infrastructure; Communication Technology; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues
Lodge, George C., and Cate Reavis. "Global Friction Among Information Infrastructures." Harvard Business School Background Note 799-152, May 1999. (Revised July 1999.)
- April 2012
- Article
Retail Doesn't Cross Borders: Here's Why and What to Do about It
By: Marcel Corstjens and Rajiv Lal
Most companies assume that the easiest way to grow is by investing overseas and that the developing world offers the best opportunities for boosting revenues and profits today. However, success abroad varies widely, and research shows that it's often tough to... View Details
Keywords: Operations; Growth and Development Strategy; Globalization; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Local Range; Retail Industry
Corstjens, Marcel, and Rajiv Lal. "Retail Doesn't Cross Borders: Here's Why and What to Do about It." Harvard Business Review 90, no. 4 (April 2012).
- 2009
- Working Paper
Innovation Communication in Multicultural Networks: Deficits in Inter-cultural Capability and Affect-based Trust as Barriers to New Idea Sharing in Inter-cultural Relationships
By: Roy Y.J. Chua and Michael W. Morris
Innovative solutions to pressing global problems require effective inter-cultural communication. We propose that a barrier to the sharing of ideas pertinent to innovation in inter-cultural relationships is low affect-based trust, which arise from individuals' deficits... View Details
Keywords: Interpersonal Communication; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Innovation and Invention; Knowledge Sharing; Trust
Chua, Roy Y.J., and Michael W. Morris. "Innovation Communication in Multicultural Networks: Deficits in Inter-cultural Capability and Affect-based Trust as Barriers to New Idea Sharing in Inter-cultural Relationships." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 09-130, May 2009.
- January 1998 (Revised April 1998)
- Case
Sealed Air Corporation: Globalization and Corporate Culture (B)
By: Lynn S. Paine and Karen Wruck
Sealed Air Corp.'s CEO and COO are considering what approach they should take to building a seamless corporate culture worldwide. Anticipating continuing growth and expansion, especially outside the United States, they are concerned with preserving and promoting the... View Details
Keywords: Organizational Culture; Business or Company Management; Growth and Development Strategy; Expansion; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Policy; Leadership; United States; Europe; Asia
Paine, Lynn S., and Karen Wruck. "Sealed Air Corporation: Globalization and Corporate Culture (B)." Harvard Business School Case 398-097, January 1998. (Revised April 1998.)
- 03 Mar 2003
- Research & Ideas
The Ingredients of a Deal Disaster
and a last-minute plan to swap employees between the two companies, the dealer conflicts intensified, KDC market share declined sharply, losses mounted, 2,000 jobs were cut, and ultimately, the venture was dissolved. Subject to more than the usual View Details
- 2014
- Working Paper
Bio-Piracy or Prospering Together? Fuzzy Set and Qualitative Analysis of Herbal Patenting by Firms
By: Prithwiraj Choudhury and Tarun Khanna
Since the 1990s, several Western firms have filed patents based on medicinal herbs from emerging markets, evoking protests from local stakeholders against 'bio-piracy'. We explore conditions under which firms and local stakeholders share rents from such patents. Our... View Details
Keywords: Rents From New Technology; Local Stakeholders; Herbal Patents; QCA; Fuzzy Set Analysis; Qualitative Case Studies; Plant-Based Agribusiness; Patents; Emerging Markets; Health Care and Treatment; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Pharmaceutical Industry
Choudhury, Prithwiraj, and Tarun Khanna. "Bio-Piracy or Prospering Together? Fuzzy Set and Qualitative Analysis of Herbal Patenting by Firms." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-081, February 2014.
- 2008
- Working Paper
Spanning the Institutional Abyss: The Intergovernmental Network and the Governance of Foreign Direct Investment
By: Juan Alcacer and Paul Ingram
Global economic transactions such as foreign direct investment must extend over an institutional abyss between the jurisdiction, and therefore protection, of the states involved. Intergovernmental organizations (IGOs), whose members are states, represent an important... View Details
Keywords: International Finance; Foreign Direct Investment; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Governance Controls; International Relations; Social Issues
Alcacer, Juan, and Paul Ingram. "Spanning the Institutional Abyss: The Intergovernmental Network and the Governance of Foreign Direct Investment." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 09-045, September 2008.
- January 2005 (Revised December 2005)
- Case
KAMCO and the Cross-Border Securitization of Korean Non-Performing Loans
Covers the first international nonperforming loan securitization done in Korea. The CEO of KAMCO is trying to dispose of a portfolio of nonperforming commercial loans that the organization acquired from a number of banks. A group of investment bankers have proposed... View Details
Keywords: Debt Securities; Decision Choices and Conditions; Capital Markets; Financing and Loans; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Financial Services Industry; South Korea
Chacko, George C., Jacob Hook, Vincent Dessain, and Anders Sjoman. "KAMCO and the Cross-Border Securitization of Korean Non-Performing Loans." Harvard Business School Case 205-037, January 2005. (Revised December 2005.)
- March 2001 (Revised September 2002)
- Case
Merck Latin America (C): Brazil
By: Michael Beer and James Weber
Examines Merck's change effort in Brazil from the perspective of the local employees. View Details
Keywords: Change Management; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Multinational Firms and Management; Employees; Operations; Perspective; Pharmaceutical Industry; Brazil
Beer, Michael, and James Weber. "Merck Latin America (C): Brazil." Harvard Business School Case 401-031, March 2001. (Revised September 2002.)
- June 1995
- Case
Northern Telecom and Tong Guang Electronics (B): Building Success
By: Rosabeth M. Kanter and Pamela A. Yatsko
This case continues the story of the joint venture in China between Northern Telecom (Nortel) of Canada and Tong Guang Electronics of China. It shows how North Americans learned to operate in a very different cultural environment in China and provides an opportunity to... View Details
Keywords: Mobile and Wireless Technology; Joint Ventures; Change Management; Organizational Culture; Leadership; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Culture; Telecommunications Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Canada; China
Kanter, Rosabeth M., and Pamela A. Yatsko. "Northern Telecom and Tong Guang Electronics (B): Building Success." Harvard Business School Case 395-083, June 1995.
- December 2020 (Revised May 2021)
- Case
Riverstone
By: David E. Bell and Natalie Kindred
In 2020, Luke Minion and the leadership team at Riverstone, a hog producer founded in 2013 in Shandong, China, were evaluating Riverstone’s strategy as it rebounded from outbreaks of African Swine Fever (ASF) in two of its three farm complexes. Riverstone was a joint... View Details
Keywords: Strategy; Globalization; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Animal-Based Agribusiness; Consumer Behavior; Demand and Consumers; Disruption; Risk and Uncertainty; Risk Management; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Consulting Industry; United States; China
Bell, David E., and Natalie Kindred. "Riverstone." Harvard Business School Case 521-063, December 2020. (Revised May 2021.)
- August 2012
- Supplement
Albert 'Jack' Stanley in Nigeria (C)
By: Lena G. Goldberg and Annelena Lobb
The international joint venture that successfully bid for $6 billion in contracts to build LNG trains on Nigeria's Bonny Island became entangled in a widening bribery and corruption probe triggered by an unrelated accusation against an employee of one of the JV... View Details
Keywords: Ethics; Crime and Corruption; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Governance Compliance; Law; Joint Ventures; Business Subsidiaries; Government Legislation; Rail Industry; Nigeria; United States; United Kingdom
Goldberg, Lena G., and Annelena Lobb. "Albert 'Jack' Stanley in Nigeria (C)." Harvard Business School Supplement 313-019, August 2012.
- March 2010 (Revised February 2013)
- Case
NFL UK
By: Elie Ofek, David B. Godes and Peter Wickersham
The NFL faces a decision on how to continue efforts to grow its fanbase in the U.K. The decision needs to take into account lessons learned from previous NFL activities in Europe, market research on the U.K. sports fan, and the implications of any move on the U.S. fan.... View Details
- May 1998 (Revised October 1998)
- Case
Komatsu and Dresser: Putting Two Plus Two Together
By: Ashish Nanda
In 1987, Komatsu Ltd., looking to expand its presence in the U.S. earth-moving equipment (EME) industry, enters into a 50-50 joint venture with Dresser. The management of the Komatsu Dresser joint venture faces difficulty in bringing the two halves together. The rift... View Details
Keywords: Integration; Machinery and Machining; Restructuring; Joint Ventures; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Construction Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Japan; United States
Nanda, Ashish, and Georgia Levenson. "Komatsu and Dresser: Putting Two Plus Two Together." Harvard Business School Case 898-269, May 1998. (Revised October 1998.)
- 30 Apr 2019
- First Look
New Research and Ideas, April 30, 2019
multinational corporations in six main world regions: Asia, Europe, India, Latin America, North America, and Oceania (N = 5,852). Consistent with our theorizing, we found cross-cultural evidence that reward satisfaction promoted greater... View Details
Keywords: Dina Gerdeman
- October 2015 (Revised July 2017)
- Case
OMV Petrom: Investment as Partnership—When It Takes Three to Tango
By: Dante Roscini, Emer Maloney and Daniela Beyersdorfer
Petrom was privatized by the Romanian state in 2004 and acquired by Austrian oil company OMV, with the state retaining a 20.6% stake in the company. The situation was particularly challenging for the foreign investor since the sector in which the company operated was... View Details
Keywords: Partners and Partnerships; Privatization; Acquisition; Foreign Direct Investment; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Business and Government Relations; Energy Industry; Austria; Romania
Roscini, Dante, Emer Maloney, and Daniela Beyersdorfer. "OMV Petrom: Investment as Partnership—When It Takes Three to Tango." Harvard Business School Case 716-035, October 2015. (Revised July 2017.)