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  • Article

Investor Activism and Takeovers

By: Robin Greenwood and Michael Schor
Recent work documents large positive abnormal returns around the time that a hedge fund announces its activist intentions with a publicly listed firm. We show that these returns are largely explained by the ability of activists to force target firms into a takeover: In... View Details
Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Private Equity; Investment Return; Investment Activism; Investment Portfolio; Public Ownership
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  • September 2018 (Revised November 2018)
  • Case

From Beirut With Love (A)

By: Christina R. Wing, Esel Y. Cekin and Samer Al-Rachedy
This case describes how Robert Fadel, CEO and chairman of ABC, one of Lebanon’s leading retail and real estate groups, professionalized the family business. Robert was the second son of the company’s founder, Maurice Fadel, who had run it single-handedly. Concerned... View Details
Keywords: Family Conflicts; Sibling Rivalry; Second-generation; Foundation; Trust; Work-life Balance; Succession Planning; Corporate Culture; Shareholders; Board Of Directors; Retail; Department Store; Shopping Mall; Real Estate; Growth; Non-executive Chairman; Sustainability; Family Business; Conflict Management; Management Succession; Governance; Leadership; Transformation; Leading Change; Organizational Structure; Management; Growth and Development; Retail Industry; Real Estate Industry; Lebanon; Middle East
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  • September 2016
  • Article

The Effect of Target Difficulty on Target Completion: The Case of Reducing Carbon Emissions

By: Ioannis Ioannou, Shelley Xin Li and George Serafeim
Targets are an integral component of management control systems and play a significant role in achieving desirable performance outcomes. We focus on a key environmental performance objective—reduction of carbon emissions—as a setting in which to examine how target... View Details
Keywords: Sustainability; Target-setting; Management Accounting; Management Accounting And Control Systems; Control Systems; Sustainable Development; Environment; Goals and Objectives; Climate Change; Management Systems; Accounting; Environmental Sustainability
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  • 02 Jan 2024
  • Research & Ideas

10 Trends to Watch in 2024

The lightning-fast ascent of generative AI isn’t the only sea change on the horizon for businesses in the new year. The global economy is in flux as war, climate change, trade issues, and infrastructure problems demand attention. Many companies continue to struggle to... View Details
Keywords: by Rachel Layne
  • Program

The Business of Entertainment, Media, and Sports

long-term competitive advantage. Key Benefits Emphasizing the obstacles facing entertainment industry decision-makers, this program will help you develop and execute more effective business strategies. You will debate and analyze the... View Details
Keywords: Media & Entertainment; Media & Entertainment
  • September 20, 2024
  • Article

It’s Time to Unbundle ESG

By: Aaron K. Chatterji and Michael W. Toffel
ESG is at an inflection point. It has come to represent a broad and inchoate aspiration for what business should be doing beyond maximizing shareholder value. With ESG advocates on the defensive, business leaders need a new roadmap to determine which factors to... View Details
Keywords: ESG; ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) Performance; ESG Ratings; ESG Reporting; ESG Disclosure; Sustainability; Climate; Climate Finance; Climate Risk; Social Accounting; Investment; Governance; Safety; Climate Change; Environmental Sustainability; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Financial Services Industry
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  • 06 Aug 2007
  • Research & Ideas

High Hills, Deep Poverty: Explaining Civil War in Nepal

does it matter for policy? Q: What can our readers—business people—keep in mind about civil conflict? A: Investing in poverty reduction strategies can lead to political benefits in addition to direct economic benefits. Therefore, the... View Details
Keywords: by Martha Lagace
  • 05 Aug 2011
  • Working Paper Summaries

An Exploration of Optimal Stabilization Policy

Keywords: by N. Gregory Mankiw & Matthew C. Weinzierl
  • 30 Jun 2009
  • First Look

First Look: June 30

inflation-indexed bond markets in the U.S. and the U.K. It documents a massive decline in long-term real interest rates from the 1990s until 2008, followed by a sudden spike in these rates during the financial crisis of 2008. Breakeven... View Details
Keywords: Martha Lagace
  • 20 Aug 2013
  • First Look

First Look: August 20

Buildings By: Herron, J., Amy C. Edmondson, and Robert G. Eccles, Jr. Abstract—Buildings are the nation's greatest energy consumers. Forty percent of all our energy is used for heating, cooling, lighting, and powering machines and devices in buildings. And despite... View Details
Keywords: Anna Secino
  • August 2007
  • Case

Lightspeed Venture Partners -- International Expansion

By: Krishna G. Palepu and Alison Berkley Wagonfeld
Looks at various international expansion models for a venture capital firm based in Silicon Valley. Lightspeed Venture Partners believed that India had tremendous potential for venture capital returns--the question was how best to tap into that potential while also... View Details
Keywords: Venture Capital; Expansion; Investment Return; Global Strategy; Emerging Markets; Investment; International Finance; Organizational Structure; India; Israel
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  • February 2005 (Revised July 2005)
  • Case

Aluminium Bahrain (Alba): The Pot Line 5 Expansion Project

By: Benjamin C. Esty and Aldo Sesia
In September 2002, Aluminium Bahrain (Alba) needed to decide how to finance its proposed $1.7 billion pot line. The company's financial adviser, Taylor De-Jongh (TDJ), had recommended Alba employ a multisourced financing strategy using as many as five sources of debt... View Details
Keywords: Project Finance; Emerging Markets; Financing and Loans; Investment; Capital; Financial Strategy; Manufacturing Industry; Bahrain
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  • Web

Browse All Articles, Research, & Case Studies - HBS Working Knowledge

Sequoia Capital Can Teach Leaders About Sustaining Long-Term Growth Re: Jo Tango & Christina M. Wallace Sequoia Capital, a venture capital firm founded in 1972, grew to become one of the most storied venture capital firms in the world.... View Details
  • September 2024
  • Case

InfraCredit and the Project Inception Facility

By: John Macomber, Namrata Arora and Maagatha Kalavadakken
Around the world, large infrastructure projects are frequently stymied by the high cost and high uncertainty of the project inception phase: the research and engineering and planning prior to financial close and start of construction. Could there be a new kind of... View Details
Keywords: Infrastructure; Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Cost; Cash Flow; Capital; Assets; Financial Markets; Financial Strategy; Insurance; Energy; Product Development; Risk and Uncertainty; Business Strategy; Credit; Financial Services Industry; Energy Industry; Banking Industry; Africa; Nigeria
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  • January 2025 (Revised March 2025)
  • Case

Hunter Point Capital

By: Josh Lerner, John D. Dionne and Srimayi Mylavarapu
In the spring of 2023, Hunter Point Capital faced a pivotal decision that could define its trajectory as a new player in the growing GP stakes business. As the firm neared completion of three high-profile GP stakes investments, consuming nearly a third of its initial... View Details
Keywords: Investment Funds; Business Strategy; Diversification; Expansion
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  • 17 Jan 2007
  • Op-Ed

Learning from Private-Equity Boards

quarterly earnings reports, reflecting the complexity of corporate restructurings and other long-term growth strategies. Lessons To Be Learned There are important implications of these differences for public company boards, even though... View Details
Keywords: by Malcolm Salter; Financial Services
  • September 2002 (Revised March 2006)
  • Case

Environmental Power Corporation: Changing Manure Into Gold?

By: Ray A. Goldberg and Laure Mougeot Stroock
In 2002, Environmental Power Corp. (EPC), a small company developing renewable energy projects, was attempting to commercialize its "digester," a facility that extracted methane from manure, reduced manure's environmental impact, and generated electricity. The company... View Details
Keywords: Commercialization; Energy Generation; Renewable Energy; Environmental Sustainability; Investment; Projects; Wastes and Waste Processing; Corporate Finance; Business and Government Relations; Energy Industry
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  • Program

Disruptive Innovation

works and determine when to invest in core versus disruptive business models. As you gain insight into the ways that evolving industries, technologies, and competitive forces can affect your business, you will be better prepared to... View Details
  • Web

Strategy Explained - Institute For Strategy And Competitiveness

fundamental goal of a company is superior long-term return on invested capital (ROIC) . Only if you achieve strong ROIC are you creating true economic value, which says that you can produce a product f or a... View Details
  • 2012
  • Working Paper

Mexico's Financial Crisis of 1994-1995

By: Aldo Musacchio
This paper explains the causes leading to the Mexican crisis of 1994-1995 (known as "The Tequila Crisis"), and its short- and long-term consequences. It argues that excessive enthusiasm on the part of foreign investors, not based on Mexico's fundamentals, and weak... View Details
Keywords: Financial Crisis; Foreign Direct Investment; Banks and Banking; Government and Politics; Currency Exchange Rate; Banking Industry; Mexico
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