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  • Article

Liquidity in Retirement Savings Systems: An International Comparison

By: John Beshears, James J. Choi, Joshua Hurwitz, David Laibson and Brigitte C. Madrian
We compare the liquidity that six developed countries have built into their employer-based defined contribution (DC) retirement schemes. In Germany, Singapore, and the UK, withdrawals are essentially banned no matter what kind of transitory income shock the household... View Details
Keywords: Saving; Financial Liquidity; Retirement; Canada; Germany; Australia; United Kingdom; United States; Singapore
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  • 2024
  • Working Paper

Smaller than We Thought? The Effect of Automatic Savings Policies

By: James J. Choi, David Laibson, Jordan Cammarota, Richard Lombardo and John Beshears
Medium- and long-run dynamics undermine the effect of automatic enrollment and default savings-rate auto-escalation on retirement savings. Our analysis of nine 401(k) plans incorporates the facts that employees frequently leave firms (often before matching... View Details
Keywords: Personal Finance; Saving; Retirement; Behavioral Finance; Compensation and Benefits
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  • April 2020
  • Article

Digital Emotion Contagion

By: Amit Goldenberg and James J. Gross
People spend considerable time on digital media, and during this time they are often exposed to others’ emotion expressions. This exposure can lead their own emotion expressions to become more like others’ emotion expressions, a process we refer to as digital emotion... View Details
Keywords: Emotion; Emotion Contagion; Digital Media; Emotions; Media; Internet and the Web; Measurement and Metrics; Social Media
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  • October 2006 (Revised May 2007)
  • Case

King Arthur Flour

By: Thomas J. DeLong, James Holian and Joshua Weiss
Steve Voigt, the CEO of King Arthur Flour, must determine how the company can continue to grow, whilst preserving its unique culture. In 1996, the company was sold to employees in as ESOP transaction. The following decade saw significant growth, despite declining sales... View Details
Keywords: Employee Stock Ownership Plan; Business or Company Management; Organizational Culture; Employee Ownership
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  • 2020
  • Working Paper

Why Do Firms Automate Production, and How Do They Adjust? Evidence from the Bell Telephone System over the 20th Century

By: Daniel P. Gross and James J. Feigenbaum
Over the course of the 20th century, AT&T's operating companies replaced telephone operators with mechanical switching and dial telephones. Yet it took AT&T 30 years from the invention of the technology to begin using it, and another 60 years to finish installing it... View Details
Keywords: Employment; Labor; Technology Adoption; Technology Networks; History; Telecommunications Industry; United States
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  • August 2020
  • Article

Do Physician Incentives Increase Patient Medication Adherence?

By: Edward Kong, John Beshears, David Laibson, Brigitte Madrian, Kevin Volpp, George Loewenstein, Jonathan Kolstad and James J. Choi
We conducted a randomized experiment (911 primary care practices and 8,935 nonadherent patients) to test the effect of paying physicians for increasing patient medication adherence in three drug classes: diabetes medication, antihypertensives, and statins. We measured... View Details
Keywords: Health Economics; Medication Adherence; Physician Payment Incentives; Primary Care; Quality Improvement; Health Care and Treatment; Motivation and Incentives; Behavior
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  • 06 Nov 2012
  • First Look

First Look: November 6

Agenda Setting Authors: James J. Anton and Dennis A. Yao Abstract We examine a multi-issue dynamic decision-making process that involves endogenous commitment. Our primary... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • July 2009 (Revised December 2009)
  • Case

Echoing Green

By: Julie Battilana, Thomas J. DeLong and James Weber
This case presents the leadership challenges that Cheryl Dorsey, the president of Echoing Green, faces in early 2009. Echoing Green is a fellowship program that seeks to improve society by identifying and supporting social entrepreneurs who launch organizations to... View Details
Keywords: Change Management; Financial Crisis; Social Entrepreneurship; Leadership Style; Organizational Structure; Personal Development and Career; Social Enterprise
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  • 26 Nov 2013
  • First Look

First Look: November 26

Beshears, John, James J. Choi, David Laibson, Brigitte C. Madrian, and Gwendolyn Reynolds Abstract—Objectives: To assess whether the addition of a peer testimonial to an informational mailing increases... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • 31 May 2011
  • First Look

First Look: May 31

Abstract Theories of the firm have been dominated by a legacy of ideas from early industrialization that pose zero-sum opposition between capital and labor (or capital and nearly everything else), differentiating the economy from society... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • 31 Jul 2018
  • First Look

New Research and Ideas, July 31, 2018

Finance By: Beshears, John, James J. Choi, David Laibson, and Brigitte C. Madrian Abstract—This chapter provides an overview of household finance. The first part summarizes key facts regarding household... View Details
Keywords: Dina Gerdeman
  • 01 Oct 2013
  • First Look

First Look: October 1

by managers facing intertemporal decisions. We assess the association between different types of performance measures and the time horizon of business unit managers who have profit responsibility. Our results, based on a sample of 105... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • 2010
  • Chapter

The Impact of Employer Matching on Savings Plan Participation under Automatic Enrollment

By: John Beshears, James J. Choi, David Laibson and Brigitte C. Madrian
Existing research has documented the large impact that automatic enrollment has on savings plan participation. All the companies examined in these studies, however, have combined automatic enrollment with an employer match. This raises a question about how effective... View Details
Keywords: Motivation and Incentives; Consumer Behavior; Personal Finance; Investment Funds; Microeconomics; Compensation and Benefits
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  • February 2022
  • Article

Borrowing to Save? The Impact of Automatic Enrollment on Debt

By: John Beshears, James J. Choi, David Laibson, Brigitte C. Madrian and William L. Skimmyhorn
Does automatic enrollment into a retirement plan increase financial distress due to increased borrowing outside the plan? We study a natural experiment created when the U.S. Army began automatically enrolling newly hired civilian employees into the Thrift Savings Plan.... View Details
Keywords: Retirement Savings; Automatic Enrollment; Choice Architecture; Nudge; Financial Distress; Retirement; Saving; Borrowing and Debt; Behavior
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  • June 2016
  • Article

Vaccination Rates Are Associated with Functional Proximity but Not Base Proximity of Vaccination Clinics

By: John Beshears, James J. Choi, David Laibson, Brigitte C. Madrian and Gwendolyn I. Reynolds
Background: Routine annual influenza vaccinations are recommended for persons 6 months of age and older, but less than half of U.S. adults get vaccinated. Many employers offer employees free influenza vaccinations at workplace clinics, but even then take-up is... View Details
Keywords: Geographic Location; Employees; Health Care and Treatment
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  • 03 Nov 2009
  • First Look

First Look: Nov. 3

self-report of the licensee. The self-reporting aspect of the environment gives rise to demand for auditing by the licensor or third-party attestation by the licensee. We characterize the optimal royalty... View Details
Keywords: Martha Lagace
  • 06 Sep 2016
  • First Look

September 6, 2016

how other companies can begin to adopt it. Publisher's link: https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=51074 Forthcoming Review of Financial Studies Does Aggregated Returns Disclosure Increase Portfolio Risk-Taking? By: Beshears, John, View Details
Keywords: Carmen Nobel
  • 06 Feb 2007
  • First Look

First Look: February 6, 2007

  Working PapersThe Rise of Business Forecasting Agencies in the United States Author:Walter A. Friedman Abstract This paper analyzes the rise of business and economic forecasting agencies in the United States. The field was developed by... View Details
Keywords: Martha Lagace
  • 01 Aug 2017
  • First Look

First Look at New Research and Ideas, August 1

July 31, 2017 AIDS A Commitment Contract to Achieve Virologic Suppression in Poorly Adherent Patients with HIV/AIDS By: Alsan, Marcella, John Beshears, Wendy S. Armstrong, James J. Choi, Brigitte C. Madrian,... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • Article

Leadership Is Associated with Lower Levels of Stress

By: Gary D. Sherman, J. J. Lee, A.J.C. Cuddy, Jonathan Renshon, Christopher Oveis, James J. Gross and Jennifer S. Lerner
As leaders ascend to more powerful positions in their groups, they face ever-increasing demands. This has given rise to the common perception that leaders have higher stress levels than non-leaders. But if leaders also experience a heightened sense of control—a... View Details
Keywords: Stress; Cortisol; Control; Leadership; Emotions; Power and Influence
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